过瘤胃蛋氨酸和肉桂醛组合添加对奶牛产奶性能及氮排泄的影响

张成喜, 孙友德, 刘锡武, 孙国强

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.023

动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 9: 3202 - 3210

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.023

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

过瘤胃蛋氨酸和肉桂醛组合添加对奶牛产奶性能及氮排泄的影响

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1. 青岛农业大学动物科技学院, 青岛 266109;
2. 青岛市畜牧兽医研究所, 青岛 266100

张成喜(1988-),男,山东临沂人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:zcares@126.com

收稿日期: 2017-03-01

网络出版日期: 2017-09-08

基金资助

山东省现代农业产业技术体系牛产业创新团队（SDAIT-09-08）

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Effects of Combined Supplementation of Rumen-Protected Methionine and Cinnamic Aldehyde on Lactation Performance and Nitrogen Excretion of Dairy Cows

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
2. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Qingdao, Qingdao 266100, China

Received date: 2017-03-01

Online published: 2017-09-08

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摘要

本试验旨在研究过瘤胃蛋氨酸（RPMet）和肉桂醛（CA）组合添加对奶牛产奶性能及氮排泄的影响。选取年龄、体重、胎次、产奶量、乳成分及泌乳期[（90±15）d]相近的荷斯坦奶牛40头分为10组，每组4头。对照（C）组饲喂基础饲粮，试验组补饲不同水平的RPMet和CA，其中RPMet设3个水平，分别为20（L）、25（M）、30（H）g/（d·头）；CA设3个水平，分别为15（L）、18（M）、21（H）g/（d·头），共组成9个不同水平组合，分别为LL、ML、HL、LM、MM、HM、LH、MH、HH（第1个字母为RPMet添加水平，第2个字母为CA添加水平）。预试期15 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）除LH组外，各试验组产奶量均显著或极显著高于C组（P<0.05或P<0.01），以HL组最高。2）各试验组乳脂率和乳蛋白率均高于C组，均以HL组最高，与C组均差异极显著（P<0.01）；各试验组乳体细胞数均低于C组，以HL组最低，与C组均差异极显著（P<0.01）。3）除LH组外，各试验组氮表观消化率和氮泌乳转化效率均显著或极显著高于C组（P<0.05或P<0.01），以HL组最高；LL、ML、HL、LM、MM、HM、LH、MH、HH组总氮排泄量比C组分别降低了17.45%（P<0.01）、18.79%（P<0.01）、20.80%（P<0.01）、10.41%（P<0.01）、12.49%（P<0.01）、15.22%（P<0.01）、3.37%（P>0.05）、5.12%（P<0.05）、7.43%（P<0.05），以HL组最低。结果提示，在泌乳奶牛饲粮中联合添加RPMet和CA可以提高奶牛产奶性能、降低奶牛氮排泄量；综合考虑上述指标，最佳组合为RPMet 30 g/（d·头）、CA 15 g/（d·头）。

关键词： 过瘤胃蛋氨酸; 肉桂醛; 产奶性能; 氮排泄

本文引用格式

张成喜, 孙友德, 刘锡武, 孙国强 . 过瘤胃蛋氨酸和肉桂醛组合添加对奶牛产奶性能及氮排泄的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(9) : 3202 -3210 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.023

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of combinations of rumen-protected methionine (RPMet) and cinnamic aldehyde (CA) on lactation performance and nitrogen excretion of dairy cows. Forty Holstein lactating dairy cows with similar age, body weight, parity, milk yield, milk composition and lactation period[(90±15) days post-calving] were divided into 10 groups with 4 cows per group. Control (C) group was fed a basal diet, and experimental groups were supplemented with different levels of RPMet[20 (L), 25 (M) and 30 (H) g/(d·head)] and CA[15 (L), 18 (M) and 21 (H) g/(d·head)] to constitute 9 combinations, which were named as LL, ML, HL, LM, MM, HM, LH, MH and HH (first letter indicated RPMet supplemental level, and the second letter indicated CA supplemental level), respectively. The pre-experiment lasted for 15 days, and the experiment lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows:1) except LH group, milk yield in experimental groups was significantly higher than that in C group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), HL group was the highest. 2) Milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage in experimental groups were higher than those in C group, and HL was the highest, which was significantly higher than C group (P<0.01); milk somatic cell count in experimental groups was higher than those in C group, and HL was the highest, which was significantly higher than C group (P<0.01). 3) Except LH group, compared with C group, nitrogen apparent digestibility and nitrogen conversion efficiency were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and HL group was the highest; compared with C group, total nitrogen excretion in LL, ML, HL, LM, MM, HM, LH, MH and HH groups was decreased by 17.45% (P<0.01), 18.79% (P<0.01), 20.80% (P<0.01), 10.41% (P<0.01), 12.49% (P<0.01), 15.22% (P<0.01), 3.37% (P>0.05), 5.12%(P<0.05) and 7.43% (P<0.05), respectively. The results indicate that combined supplementations of RPMet and CA can improve lactation performance and reduce nitrogen excretion; considering all the above indexes, the optimal combination is 30 g/(d·head) RPMet and 15 g/(d·head) CA.

Key words： rumen-protected methionine; cinnamic aldehyde; lactation performance; nitrogen excretion

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