动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 9: 3248 - 3257

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.028

饲料资源开发 Feed Resources Development

胡芦巴粉对肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质、免疫器官指数及血清抗氧化和生化指标的影响

展开
  • 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院, 杨凌 712100
颜陶(1992-),男,山东济宁人,硕士研究生,从事家禽营养调控研究。E-mail:1468535134@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-03-10

  网络出版日期: 2017-09-08

基金资助

陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目（2015KTCQ02-19）；陕西省农业科技创新与攻关项目（2015NY149）

收起

Effects of Fenugreek Powder on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Immune Organ Indexes, Serum Antioxidant and Biochemical Parameters of Broilers

Expand
  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China

Received date: 2017-03-10

  Online published: 2017-09-08

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平胡芦巴粉对肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质、免疫器官指数及血清抗氧化和生化指标的影响。试验选用1日龄爱拔益加肉仔鸡320只，随机分为4个组，每组8个重复，每个重复10只鸡。各组分别饲喂含0（对照）、3%、6%、9%胡芦巴粉的营养水平相同的全价饲粮，试验期42 d。结果表明：1）1~21日龄，6%和9%胡芦巴粉组平均体重和平均日增重显著低于对照组（P<0.05），9%胡芦巴粉组平均日采食量显著低于对照组（P<0.05），3%胡芦巴粉组料重比显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。22~42日龄和1~42日龄，饲粮胡芦巴粉水平对肉仔鸡各项生长性能指标均无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）9%胡芦巴粉组胸肌滴水损失率和压力损失率显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。饲粮胡芦巴粉水平对胸肌pH45 min、pH24 h、剪切力和蒸煮损失率均无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）6%胡芦巴粉组21日龄脾脏指数显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。饲粮胡芦巴粉水平对21日龄胸腺指数、法氏囊指数及42日龄胸腺指数、脾脏指数和法氏囊指数均无显著影响（P>0.05）。4）9%胡芦巴粉组的21日龄血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性高于对照组（P>0.05），且显著高于3%和6%胡芦巴粉组（P<0.05）；6%胡芦巴粉组的42日龄血清总抗氧化能力显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）。饲粮胡芦巴粉水平对21日龄血清总抗氧化能力和丙二醛含量以及42日龄血清总超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。5）9%胡芦巴粉组的21日龄血清谷草转氨酶活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；3%胡芦巴粉组的42日龄血清谷草转氨酶活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。饲粮胡芦巴粉水平对21和42日龄血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、尿素氮含量和白球比及谷丙转氨酶活性无显著影响（P>0.05）。由此可见，胡芦巴粉可作为一种蛋白质饲料原料应用于肉仔鸡生产，其具有提高肌肉系水力，促进免疫器官发育，提高抗氧化能力和增强机体蛋白质代谢的作用。胡芦巴粉在肉仔鸡饲粮中的适宜添加水平为：1~21日龄不超过3%，22~42日龄不超过6%。

关键词： 胡芦巴粉; 肉仔鸡; 生长性能; 肉品质; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

颜陶, 王思宇, 杨小军, 段玉兰, 龚月生, 杨欣 . 胡芦巴粉对肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质、免疫器官指数及血清抗氧化和生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(9) : 3248 -3257 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.09.028

Abstract

The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of fenugreek powder (FP) on growth performance, meat quality, immune organ indexes, serum antioxidant and biochemical parameters of broilers. A total of 320 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allotted into 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicate. Four levels of FP[0(control), 3%, 6% and 9%] were used into experiment diets and all of these diets were at a same nutrient level. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) at 1 to 21 days of age, the average body weight and average daily gain of 6% and 9% FP groups were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05), the average daily feed intake of 9% FP group was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to gain of 3% FP group was significantly lower than that of control group (P<0.05). At 22 to 42 days of age and 1 to 42 days of age, dietary FP level did not significantly affect the growth performance of broilers (P>0.05). 2) The drip loss and pressure loss of breast meat of 9% FP group were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.05). Dietary FP level did not significantly affect the pH45 min, pH24 h, shear force and cooking loss of breast meat (P>0.05). 3) The spleen index at 21 days of age of 6% FP group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Dietary FP level did not significantly affect the thymus index, bursa of Fabricius index at 21 days of age and thymus index, spleen index, bursa of Fabricius index at 42 days of age (P>0.05). 4) The serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity at 21 days of age of 9% FP group was higher than that of control group (P>0.05), and significantly higher than that of 3% and 6% FP groups (P<0.05); the serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) at 42 days of age of 6% FP group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.05). Dietary FP level did not significantly affect the serum T-AOC and malondialdehyde (MDA) content at 21 days of age and serum T-SOD activity and MDA content at 42 days of age (P>0.05). 5) The serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity at 21 days of age of 9% FP group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05), the serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity at 42 days of age of 3% FP group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Dietary FP level did not significantly affect the serum total protein, albumin, globulin, urea nitrogen content and albumin/globulin and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity at 21 and 42 days of age (P>0.05). In conclusion, FP can be used as a protein ingredient in broilers feeding, FP can improve the water holding capacity of muscle, promote immune organ development, and improve antioxidant capacity and enhance protein metabolism. The dietary suitable supplemental level of FP for broilers is no more than 3% at 1 to 21 days of age and no more than 6% at 22 to 42 days of age.

Key words： fenugreek powder; broilers; growth performance; meat quality; serum biochemical parameters

参考文献

[1] ACHARYA S N,THOMAS J E,BASU S K.Fenugreek,an alternative crop for semiarid regions of North America[J].Crop Science,2008,48(3):841-853.  

[2] MEGHWAL M,GOSWAMI T K.A review on the functional properties,nutritional content,medicinal utilization and potential application of fenugreek[J].Food Processing & Technology,2012,3:9.

[3] MEHRAFARIN A,REZAZADEH S,NAGHDI BADI H,et al.A Review on biology,cultivation and biotechnology of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) as a valuable medicinal plant and multipurpose[J].Journal of Medicinal Plants,2011,10(37):6-24.

[4] 李继秋,谢幼梅,杨全明.葫芦巴豆粉营养价值的初步评定[J].饲料工业,2002,23(3):31-32.

[5] ALLOUI N,AKSA S,ALLOUI M N,et al.Utilization of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) as growth promoter for broiler chickens[J].Journal of World's Poultry Research,2012,2(2):25-27.

[6] HOSSAIN M M,BEGUM M,NYACHOTI C M,et al.Dietary fenugreek seed extract improves performance and reduces fecal E. coli counts and fecal gas emission in lactating sows and suckling piglets[J].Canadian Journal of Animal Science,2015,95(4):561-568.  

[7] 邵明昱.胡芦巴种子总黄酮提取分离、抑菌及抗氧化活性的研究[D].硕士学位论文.乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2012.

[8] JOHNSTON N L,QUARLES C L,FAGERBERG D J,et al.Evaluation of yucca saponin on broiler performance and ammonia suppression[J].Poultry Science,1981,60(10):2289-2292.  

[9] JAISWAL N,MAURYA C K,VENKATESWARLU K,et al.4-hydroxyisoleucine stimulates glucose uptake by increasing surface GLUT4 level in skeletal muscle cells via phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase-dependent pathway[J].European Journal of Nutrition,2012,51(7):893-898.  

[10] ZHANG L,YUE H Y,ZHANG H J,et al.Transport stress in broilers:Ⅰ.Blood metabolism,glycolytic potential,and meat quality[J].Poultry Science,2009,88(10):2033-2041.  

[11] 徐又新,张艳,汤宏,等.香豆粉的饲用价值[J].中国饲料,1999(12):25-26.

[12] 席鹏彬,蒋宗勇,林映才,等.鸡肉肉质评定方法研究进展[J].动物营养学报,2006,18(S1):347-352.

[13] RATHGEBER B M,BOLES J A,SHAND P J.Rapid postmortem pH decline and delayed chilling reduce quality of turkey breast meat[J].Poultry Science,1999,78(3):477-484.  

[14] RUSSELL S M,FLETCHER D L,COX N A.Spoilage bacteria of fresh broiler chicken carcasses[J].Poultry Science,1995,74(12):2041-2047.  

[15] EIKELENBOOM G,HOVING-BOLINK A H,VAN DER WAL P G,et al.The effect of ultimate pH on eating quality of pork[R].Netherlands:Instituut voor Veeteeltkundig Onderzoek Schoonoord,1992.

[16] QIAO M,FLETCHER D L,SMITCH D P,et al.The effect of broiler breast meat color on pH,moisture,water-holding capacity, and emulsification capacity[J].Poultry Science,2001,80(5):676-680.  

[17] 杨汉春.动物免疫学[M].2版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2003.

[18] GROSSMAN C J.Interactions between the gonadal steroids and the immune system[J].Science,1985,227(4684):257-261.  

[19] BIN-HAFEEZ B,HAQUE R,PARVEZ S,et al.Immunomodulatory effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) extract in mice[J].International Immunopharmacology,2003,3(2):257-265.  

[20] 韩杰,张飞,边连全.刺五加多糖对免疫应激断奶仔猪免疫器官指数、粪便微生物菌群数量和胃肠道pH的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(8):2314-2319.

[21] 谢鹏,张敏红.黄酮类化合物对动物免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2005,17(3):17-20.

[22] 梁英,任成财,姜宁,等.黄芩黄酮对肉仔鸡生长性能和免疫功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2011,23(8):1409-1414.

[23] LIU G M,YAN T,WANG J,et al.Biological system responses to zearalenone mycotoxin exposure by integrated metabolomic studies[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2013,61(46):11212-11221.  

[24] 黄静,邝哲师,廖森泰,等.桑叶粉和发酵桑叶粉对胡须鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(6):1877-1886.

[25] 贾聪慧,杨彩梅,曾新福,等.丁酸梭菌对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力、免疫功能和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(3):908-915.

[26] KAVIARASAN S,VIJAYALAKSHMI K,ANURADHA C V.Polyphenol-rich extract of fenugreek seeds protect erythrocytes from oxidative damage[J].Plant Foods for Human Nutrition,2004,59(4):143-147.  

[27] RAVIKUMAR P,ANURADHA C V.Effect of fenugreek seeds on blood lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in diabetic rats[J].Phytotherapy Research,1999,13(3):197-201.  

[28] 张广伦,张卫明,肖正春,等.胡芦巴的营养成分及其利用[J].中国野生植物资源,2011,30(3):18-20.

[29] 王思宇.肉鸡日粮胡芦巴粉营养价值评定及其饲用量研究[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2014.

[30] 杨小军,贺喜,何丽霞,等.日粮添加多不饱和脂肪酸对肉仔鸡抗氧化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2008,20(3):299-304.

[31] 周旻瑶,苗丽萍,齐明星,等.饲粮添加蛋氨酸锰对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(9):2920-2926.

[32] 杨宏波,刘红,余同水,等.不同添加水平半胱胺对奶牛泌乳性能和血清生化指标的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2015,20(5):201-208.

[33] 李倜,丁雪梅,张克英,等.饲粮中添加三聚氰胺对肉鸡生长性能和健康的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(6):1694-1702.

[34] 贺喜,岳龙,张石蕊,等.低蛋白质饲粮中植物源血根碱替代色氨酸对仔猪门静脉血浆流率及氨基酸代谢的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(6):1861-1867.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2