本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加人参多糖对冬毛期雄性水貂生产性能、血清生化指标和肠道形态结构的影响。选择120日龄、健康的当年生短毛黑水貂（雄性）40只，随机分成4组，每组10个重复，每个重复1只。Ⅰ组（对照组）饲喂基础饲粮，Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加10、50和100 mg/kg（干物质基础）人参多糖的试验饲粮。试验期77 d，其中预试期7 d，正试期70 d。结果表明：饲粮中添加不同水平人参多糖对冬毛期雄性水貂平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比无显著影响（P>0.05）。皮长随着人参多糖添加水平的提高而增大，Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；针毛长度在Ⅳ组达到最大值，显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；绒毛高度表现为Ⅲ和Ⅳ组差异不显著（P>0.05），但二者均显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。饲粮中添加不同水平的人参多糖对冬毛期雄性水貂血清中蛋白质（如总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白和尿素含量）和脂肪代谢相关指标（如总胆固醇和甘油三酯含量）的影响不显著（P>0.05），但总蛋白含量随着人参多糖添加水平的提高有升高的趋势。Ⅲ组血清中丙氨酸氨基转氨酶活性显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组（P<0.05），与Ⅳ组差异不显著（P>0.05）；Ⅳ组血清中天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组（P<0.05），与Ⅲ组差异不显著（P>0.05）；血清中碱性磷酸酶活性在各组间均差异不显著（P>0.05）。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α含量均显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。饲粮中添加人参多糖极显著增加了冬毛期雄性水貂空肠的绒毛高度以及绒毛高度/隐窝深度（P<0.01）。综上所述，饲粮中添加50~100 mg/kg人参多糖可改善冬毛期雄性水貂的肠道形态结构，有利于提高营养物质的消化吸收，同时可提高血清中白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α含量，有利于增强机体免疫能力。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of diets supplemented with ginseng polysaccharide on performance, serum biochemical indexes and intestinal morphology of male minks during winter hair period. Forty healthy underyearling short hair black male minks at the age of 120 days were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 mink per replicate. Minks in group Ⅰ (control group) were fed a basal diet, and those in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg ginseng polysaccharide, respectively. The trial lasted for 77 d with 7 d of pretrial period and 70 d of test period. The results showed as follows:diets supplemented with different levels of ginseng polysaccharide had no significant effects on average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed/gain (P>0.05). Skin length was increased with the ginseng polysaccharide supplemental level increasing, and it in group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); aciculum length in group Ⅳ was the highest and was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05); villus height in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was not significant different (P>0.05), and it in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05). Diets supplemented with different levels of ginseng polysaccharide had no significant effects on serum protein (total protein, globulin and urea contents) and fat metabolism related indices (total cholesterol and triglyceride contents) (P>0.05), but the total protein had an increase trend with the ginseng polysaccharide supplemental level increasing. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05), but had no significant difference compared with group Ⅳ (P>0.05); serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in group Ⅳwas significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P<0.05), but had no significant difference compared with group Ⅲ (P>0.05); no significant difference was found in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity among all groups (P>0.05). Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) contents in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), but no significant differences were found among groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P>0.05); jejunum villous height and villous height/crypt depth were significantly increased by adding ginseng polysaccharide (P<0.01). In conclusion, diet supplemented with 50 to 100 mg/kg ginseng polysaccharide can improve the intestinal morphology of male minks during winter hair period which benefiting for enhancing the digestion and absorption of nutrients, and enhance the IL-6 and TNF-α contents in serum which benefiting for enhancing the body immunity.