动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 11: 3921 - 3931

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.012

反刍动物营养 Ruminant nutrition

添喂色氨酸、过瘤胃色氨酸对奶牛泌乳性能、血浆指标和乳中褪黑素含量的影响

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  • 1. 新疆农业大学动物科学学院, 新疆肉乳用草食动物营养重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
    2. 新疆天山畜牧生物工程股份有限公司, 昌吉 831100
陈俊宏(1991-),男,甘肃张掖人,硕士研究生,研究方向为草食动物营养代谢。E-mail:63793760@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-05-03

  网络出版日期: 2017-10-31

基金资助

新疆维吾尔自治区“十三五”重点学科

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Effects of Tryptophan and Rumen-Protected Tryptophan Supplementations on Lactation Performance, Plasma Indexes and Milk Melatonin Content of Dairy Cows

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  • 1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Meat & Milk Production Herbivore Nutrition, College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
    2. Xinjiang Tianshan Animal Husbandry Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., Changji 831100, China

Received date: 2017-05-03

  Online published: 2017-10-31

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摘要

本研究旨在探究在饲粮中添喂色氨酸（Trp）、过瘤胃色氨酸（RPTrp）对奶牛泌乳性能、血浆指标和乳中褪黑素（MLT）含量的影响。选取30头3~5岁、2~3胎次、泌乳天数为（180±46） d的健康荷斯坦奶牛，随机分为3组，分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组，每组10头。对照组饲喂全混合日粮，试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组在对照组基础上分别添喂100 g/（d·头）色氨酸和220 g/（d·头）过瘤胃色氨酸（L-色氨酸含量≥45%）。预试期7 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组产奶量相比于对照组分别提高了11.78%（P<0.05）和17.19%（P<0.01）；试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组乳糖产量极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）。2）试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组在14：00和22：00血浆中生长激素（GH）含量极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）；14：00时，试验Ⅱ组血浆色氨酸含量极显著高于对照组（P<0.01），各组血浆褪黑素含量无显著差异（P>0.05）；22：00时试验Ⅱ组血浆色氨酸含量极显著高于对照组（P<0.01），试验Ⅱ组血浆褪黑素含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；试验Ⅰ组在14：00和22：00血浆色氨酸、5-羟色胺（5-HT）和褪黑素的含量与对照组均无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）05：00时试验Ⅱ组乳中褪黑素含量极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）；18：00时各组乳中褪黑素含量无显著差异（P>0.05）。4）试验Ⅰ组血浆总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）；试验Ⅱ组血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）；试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组血浆超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性极显著高于对照组（P<0.01）；试验Ⅱ组血浆丙二醛（MDA）含量极显著低于对照组（P<0.01）。结果提示，添喂色氨酸[100 g/（d·头）]、过瘤胃色氨酸[220 g/（d·头）]能够提高泌乳期奶牛产奶量、血浆GH含量及抗氧化能力，其中以添喂过瘤胃色氨酸效果较好；添喂过瘤胃色氨酸[220 g/（d·头）]可提高血浆色氨酸含量及夜间血浆褪黑素含量，从而提高夜间奶牛乳中褪黑素含量。

关键词： 色氨酸; 过瘤胃色氨酸; 奶牛; 泌乳性能; 褪黑素

本文引用格式

陈俊宏, 赵芳, 魏凯敏, 谭世新, 杨开伦 . 添喂色氨酸、过瘤胃色氨酸对奶牛泌乳性能、血浆指标和乳中褪黑素含量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(11) : 3921 -3931 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.012

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of tryptophan (Trp) and rumen-protected tryptophan (RPTrp) supplementations in diet on lactation performance, plasma indexes and milk melatonin (MLT) content of dairy cows. Thirty healthy Holstein dairy cows at 3 to 5 years of age, 2 to 3 parities, (180±46) d of lactation days were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups, which were control group, trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ. Cows in control group was fed a total mixed ration (TMR), and trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ were supplemented with 100 g/(d·head) Trp and 220 g/(d·head) RPTrp[L-tryptophan content was over 45%] based on control group, respectively. The pre-trial lasted for 7 days, and the trial lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows:1) Compared with control group, milk yield in trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was increased by 11.78% (P<0.05) and 17.19% (P<0.01), respectively; lactose yield in trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.01). 2) Compared with control group, plasma growth hormone (GH) content at 14:00 and 22:00 in trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased(P<0.01); at 14:00, plasma Trp content in trial group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.01), but there was no significantly difference of plasma MLT content among groups (P>0.05); at 22:00, plasma Trp (P<0.01) and MLT contents (P<0.05) in trial group Ⅱ were significantly increased; in trial group Ⅰ, plasma Trp, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and MLT contents were not significantly changed both at 14:00 and 22:00 (P>0.05). 3) Compared with control group, at 05:00, milk MLT content in trial group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.01); at 18:00, there was no significant difference of milk MLT content among groups (P>0.05). 4) Compared with control group, plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in trial group Ⅰ was significantly increased(P<0.05); plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in trial group Ⅱ was significantly increased(P<0.01); plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in trial groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.01); plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) in trial group Ⅱ was significantly reduced (P<0.01). In conclusion, supplementation of Trp[100 g/(d·head)] and RPTrp[220 g/(d·head),] increases milk yield, plasma GH content and antioxidant capacity of Holstein dairy cows, and RPTrp shows better effect; supplement of RPTrp[220 g/(d·head)] elevated plasma Trp content and plasma MLT contents at night of dairy cows, and hence increase MLT content in milk at the night.

Key words： tryptophan; rumen-protected tryptophan; dairy cow; lactation performance; melatonin

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