吉富罗非鱼对饲料中维生素B2的需要量

蒋明, 任春, 文华, 吴凡, 杨长庚, 刘伟, 田娟, 周梦馨

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.016

动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 11: 3962 - 3969

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.016

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

吉富罗非鱼对饲料中维生素B₂的需要量

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1. 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所, 鱼类营养与饲料研究室, 武汉 430223;
2. 华中农业大学水产学院, 武汉 430070

蒋明(1979-),男,湖北黄梅人,副研究员,博士,从事鱼类营养与饲料研究。E-mail:jiangm.hb@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-04-15

网络出版日期: 2017-10-31

基金资助

国家特色淡水鱼产业技术体系（CARS-46）；2010年公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201003020）

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Dietary Vitamin B₂ Requirement of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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1. Fish Nutrition and Feed Division, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China;
2. College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China

Received date: 2017-04-15

Online published: 2017-10-31

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摘要

本试验旨在确定吉富罗非鱼对饲料中维生素B₂的需要量。以酪蛋白、明胶和糊精等为主要饲料原料，配制维生素B₂含量分别为0.4、2.6、5.4、10.8、20.4、39.7 mg/kg的6种试验饲料，在室内循环水养殖系统中分别投喂初始体质量为（59.5±0.9） g的吉富罗非鱼10周，每种饲料投喂3个重复，每个重复放养15尾吉富罗非鱼。养殖试验结束后测定吉富罗非鱼的生长性能、肝脏维生素B₂含量和部分血清生化指标等。结果表明：吉富罗非鱼的增重率随饲料中维生素B₂含量的增加先呈线性增加，在达到10.8 mg/kg后趋于稳定，饲料效率的变化趋势与增重率类似；10.8、20.4、39.7 mg/kg组脏体比显著高于0.4、2.6 mg/kg组（P<0.05）；10.8、20.4、39.7 mg/kg组肝体比显著高于0.4 mg/kg组（P<0.05）；饲料中维生素B₂含量对肥满度无显著影响（P>0.05）。随着饲料中维生素B₂含量的增加，全鱼粗脂肪含量呈先增加后降低的趋势，5.4 mg/kg组显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）；全鱼水分含量以5.4 mg/kg组最低，显著低于除39.7 mg/kg组外的其他各组（P<0.05）；全鱼粗蛋白质含量以39.7 mg/kg组最高，显著高于除5.4 mg/kg组外的其他各组（P<0.05）；各组之间全鱼粗灰分含量无显著差异（P>0.05）。饲料中维生素B₂含量对肌肉和肝脏水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量均没有显著影响（P>0.05）。肝脏中维生素B₂含量随饲料中维生素B₂含量的增加而增加，在达到20.4 mg/kg后趋于稳定；0.4 mg/kg组的血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯含量及谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）。折线模型分析表明，吉富罗非鱼获得最佳生长速度和最大肝脏维生素B₂蓄积量时，其对饲料中维生素B₂的需要量分别为10.2和19.3 mg/kg。

关键词： 吉富罗非鱼; 维生素B₂; 需要量; 生长

本文引用格式

蒋明, 任春, 文华, 吴凡, 杨长庚, 刘伟, 田娟, 周梦馨 . 吉富罗非鱼对饲料中维生素B₂的需要量[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(11) : 3962 -3969 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.016

Abstract

The present study was conducted to determine the dietary vitamin B₂ requirement of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). Six experimental diets were formulated to contain 0.4, 2.6, 5.4, 10.8, 20.4 and 39.7 mg/kg vitamin B₂ using casein, dextrin and gelatin as chief feed sources, respectively. Each diet was assigned to three replicates of 15 GIFT[initial body weight=(59.5±0.9) g] which were cultured in recirculating aquaculture system for 10 weeks, and the growth performance, liver vitamin B₂ content, some serum biochemical indices, etc. of GIFT were determined after the cultural experiment. The results showed as follows:with the increase of dietary vitamin B₂ content, the weight gain rate of GIFT first increased linearly and then remained nearly unchanged when dietary vitamin B₂ content came up to 10.8 mg/kg. The results of feed efficiency showed the similar tendency with the result of weight gain rate. Viscerosomatic index in 10.8, 20.4 and 39.7 mg/kg groups were significantly higher than that in 0.4 and 2.6 mg/kg groups (P<0.05), and the hepatosomatic index in 10.8, 20.4 and 39.7 mg/kg groups was significantly higher than that in 0.4 mg/kg group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in condition factor among all groups (P>0.05). With the increase of dietary vitamin B₂ content, the crude lipid content in whole fish was firstly increased and then decreased, and it in 5.4 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). The moisture content in whole fish in 5.4 mg/kg group was the lowest, which was significantly lower than other groups except 39.7 mg/kg group (P<0.05). The crude protein content in whole fish in 39.7 mg/kg group was the highest, which was significantly higher than other groups except 5.4 mg/kg group (P<0.05). Dietary vitamin B₂ content had no significant effects on the content of ash in whole fish and the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid in muscle and liver (P>0.05). With the increase of dietary vitamin B₂ content, the content of vitamin B₂ in liver increased linearly until came up to 20.4 mg/kg, and then hold steady. The contents of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride and the activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in 0.4 mg/kg group were significantly higher than those in other groups (P<0.05). Broken-line model analysis indicates that the dietary vitamin B₂ requirement of GIFT is estimated to be 10.2 mg/kg for maximum growth rate, and 19.3 mg/kg for maximum vitamin B₂ accumulation in liver, respectively.

Key words： GIFT; vitamin B₂; requirement; growth

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