动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 11: 4085 - 4092

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.030

研究简报 Short Communications

细鳞鲑幼鱼对饲料中维生素E的需求量

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  • 内蒙古民族大学动物科学技术学院, 通辽 028000
常杰(1980-),女,内蒙古通辽人,教授,博士,从事水产动物营养与免疫研究。E-mail:changjieouc@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-05-09

  网络出版日期: 2017-10-31

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（31260638，31360640，31460692）；内蒙古自治区高等学校“青年科技英才资助计划”项目（NJYT-14-B13）

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Requirement of Dietary Vitamin E for Juvenile Manchurian Trout (Brachymystax lenok)

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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028000, China

Received date: 2017-05-09

  Online published: 2017-10-31

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料中不同水平的维生素E对细鳞鲑幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标和机体维生素E积累量的影响，并确定细鳞鲑幼鱼对饲料中维生素E的需求量。选取初均质量为（40.2±3.6） g的细鳞鲑幼鱼270尾，随机分成6个组，每组3个重复，每个重复15尾。各组分别投喂不同维生素E水平（实测值分别为16.6、64.9、165.5、316.2、615.5和1 214.7 mg/kg）的6种等氮等能的试验饲料。试验期120 d。结果表明：1）细鳞鲑的末均质量（FW）、增重率（WGR）和特定生长率（SGR）均随着饲料维生素E水平的升高呈先升高后降低的趋势，165.5 mg/kg组细鳞鲑的FW显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），165.5 mg/kg组细鳞鲑的WGR和SGR显著高于16.6和1 214.7 mg/kg组（P<0.05）。各组间细鳞鲑的摄食率、饲料系数和蛋白质效率没有显著差异（P>0.05）。2）随着饲料维生素E水平的升高，血清甘油三酯（TG）和总胆固醇（TC）含量均呈逐渐降低的趋势，且615.5和1 214.5 mg/kg组显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）。随着饲料维生素E水平的升高，血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量呈先升高后降低的趋势，且165.5 mg/kg组显著高于其他各组（P<0.05），64.9和316.2 mg/kg组显著高于16.6、615.5和1 214.5 mg/kg组（P<0.05）；而血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量与HDL-C含量呈相反的趋势，且165.5和316.2 mg/kg组显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）。各组间血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和谷草转氨酶（AST）活性没有显著差异（P>0.05）。3）随着饲料维生素E水平的升高，细鳞鲑肝脏维生素E积累量除615.5与1 214.5 mg/kg组间无显著差异（P>0.05）外，呈显著升高的趋势（P<0.05）；肌肉维生素E积累量也呈升高的趋势，在饲料维生素E水平大于165.5 mg/kg时恒定在一个水平，且165.5、316.2、615.5和1 214.5 mg/kg组肌肉维生素E沉积量显著高于16.6和64.9 mg/kg组（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲料中添加适宜水平的维生素E可以改善细鳞鲑的生长性能和血清生化指标，增加肝脏和肌肉维生素E积累量。以增重率和肌肉维生素E积累量为评价指标，根据折线模型得出，细鳞鲑对饲料中维生素E的需求量分别为145.87和180.98 mg/kg。

关键词： 细鳞鲑; 维生素E; 生长性能; 血清生化指标; 需求量

本文引用格式

常杰, 牛化欣, 胡宗福, 于建华, 李树国 . 细鳞鲑幼鱼对饲料中维生素E的需求量[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(11) : 4085 -4092 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.030

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary different levels of vitamin E on growth performance, serum biochemical indicators and vitamin E accumulation in body, and to determine the vitamin E requirements of manchurian trout (Brachymystax lenok). A total of 600 juvenile manchurian trout with an initial body weight of (40.2±3.6) g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 15 fish per replicate. The fish were fed six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets containing different levels (measured values were 16.6, 64.9, 165.5, 316.2, 615.5 and 1214.7 mg/kg, respectively) of vitamin E. The experiment lasted for 120 days. The results showed as follows:1) the final weight (FW), weight gain rate (WGR) and special growth rate (SGR) of manchurian trout were firstly increased and then decreased with dietary vitamin E level increasing. The FW of manchurian trout in 165.5 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). The WGR and SGR of manchurian trout in 165.5 mg/kg group were significantly higher than those in 16.6 and 1 214.7 mg/kg groups (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in feed intake rate, feed conversion rate and protein efficiency rate of manchurian trout among all groups (P>0.05). 2) With the dietary vitamin E level increasing, the serum triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) contents were gradually decreased, which in 615.5 and 1 214.5 mg/kg groups were significantly lower than those in the other groups (P<0.05). With the dietary vitamin E level increasing, the serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) content firstly increased and then decreased, which in 165.5 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05), while which in 64.9 and 615.5 mg/kg groups was significantly higher than that in 16.6, 615.5 and 1 214.5 mg/kg groups (P<0.05). The serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) content had the opposite trend with HDL-C content, which in 165.5 and 316.2 mg/kg groups was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum among all groups (P>0.05). 3) With the dietary vitamin E level increasing, the liver vitamin E accumulation was significantly increased (P<0.05) except that in 15.5 and 1 214.5 mg/kg groups (P>0.05). The muscle vitamin E accumulation was increased with the dietary vitamin E level increasing, which constant on a level when dietary vitamin E level exceeded 165.5 mg/kg, and the muscle vitamin E accumulation in 165.5, 316.2, 615.5 and 1 214.5 mg/kg groups was significantly higher than that in 16.6 and 64.9 mg/kg groups (P<0.05). Therefore, dietary appropriate vitamin E supplemental level can improve the growth performance and serum biochemical indicators of manchurian trout, and increase the accumulation of vitamin E in liver and muscle. According to the broken-line models, WGR and muscle vitamin E accumulation are used as evaluation indexes, the requirement of vitamin E is 145.87 and 180.98 mg/kg, respectively.

Key words： Brachymystax lenok; vitamin E; growth performance; serum biochemical indicators; requirement

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