微生态制剂对应激雄性肉仔鸡生长性能和肠道健康的影响

钟光, 王进圣, 王炎辉, 张帅, 曲昆鹏, 周华金, 高怀涛, 宋志刚

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.035

动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 11: 4123 - 4130

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.035

研究简报 Short Communications

微生态制剂对应激雄性肉仔鸡生长性能和肠道健康的影响

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1. 山东农业大学动物科技学院, 泰安 271018;
2. 山东凤祥股份有限公司, 阳谷 252300;
3. 江苏恒丰强生物技术有限公司, 南通 226000

钟光(1990-),男,山东诸城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:929479193@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-04-20

网络出版日期: 2017-10-31

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（31472115）；山东省家禽产业创新团队（SDAIT-011-08）

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Effects of Probiotics on Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Stressed Male Broilers

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China;
2. Shandong Fengxiang Group Limited Liability Company, Yanggu 252300, China;
3. Jiangsu Hengfengqiang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nantong 226000, China

Received date: 2017-04-20

Online published: 2017-10-31

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摘要

本试验旨在研究应激对肉仔雄鸡生长性能和肠道健康的影响，以及微生态制剂的可能缓解作用。试验采用对肉仔雄鸡注射糖皮质激素（地塞米松）的应激模型，选取1日龄爱拔益加（AA）肉仔雄鸡176只，按照2×2析因进行试验设计，分为应激+微生态制剂组[皮下注射2 mg/kg BW地塞米松，饮用微生态制剂0.02 g/（只·d）]、应激组（注射2 mg/kg BW地塞米松）、微生态制剂组[注射2 mg/kg BW生理盐水，饮用微生态制剂0.02 g/（只·d）]、空白组（注射2 mg/kg BW生理盐水）4个组，每组4个重复，每个重复11只鸡。微生态制剂组和应激+微生态制剂组在肉鸡11~14日龄和25~28日龄饮水中添加用冷却沸水溶解的微生态制剂，应激组和空白组饮用相同体积不含微生态制剂的冷却沸水。应激组和应激+微生态制剂组在肉鸡12~14日龄和26~28日龄皮下注射地塞米松磷酸钠，微生态制剂组和空白组注射相同剂量的生理盐水。试验期35 d。结果表明：应激导致肉仔雄鸡35日龄的平均体重、平均日增重和欧洲效益指数显著降低（P<0.05），料重比和死淘率显著提高（P<0.05），15日龄和29日龄的免疫器官指数和空肠绒毛高度显著降低（P<0.05）；微生态制剂使肉仔雄鸡29日龄的胰脂肪酶活性和空肠绒毛高度显著提高（P<0.05），隐窝深度显著降低（P<0.05）。在绒毛高度/隐窝深度指标上，应激和微生态制剂有显著的交互作用（P<0.05）。结果提示：应激能破坏肉仔雄鸡肠道微环境，降低肉仔雄鸡生长性能，抑制免疫器官正常发育；微生态制剂能显著缓解应激对肠道绒毛的损伤，但未发现微生态制剂对生长性能的显著作用。

关键词： 微生态制剂; 肉仔雄鸡; 应激; 生长性能; 空肠形态; 酶活性

本文引用格式

钟光, 王进圣, 王炎辉, 张帅, 曲昆鹏, 周华金, 高怀涛, 宋志刚 . 微生态制剂对应激雄性肉仔鸡生长性能和肠道健康的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(11) : 4123 -4130 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.035

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of stress on growth performance and intestinal health of male broilers and the possible relieve roles of probiotics. In this experiment, the stress was mimicked with dexamethasone (DEX) injection. One hundred and seventy-six 1-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) male broilers were selected and allocated into four groups with four replicates each and 11 broilers in each replicate according to 2×2 factorial design, which consisted of stress and probiotics group (injection of 2 mg/kg BW DEX and drinking 0.02 g probiotics per day per bird), stress group (injection of 2 mg/kg BW DEX), probiotics group (drinking 0.02 g probiotics per day per bird), blank group (injection of 2 mg/kg BW saline). Probiotics dissolved with cooling boiled water were supplemented into drinking water for broilers in 11 to 14 days and 25 to 28 days of age in probiotics group and stress and probiotics group, while cooling boiled water without probiotics for stress group and blank group. And broilers in 12 to 14 days and 26 to 28 days of age were subcutaneously injected with dexamethasone sodium phosphate in stress group and stress and probiotics group, while the same dose of saline for probiotics group and blank group. The experiment lasted for 35 days. The results showed that stress significantly reduced average daily gain and European performance index (EPI) of 35-day-old mail broilers (P<0.05), while significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain and mortality rate (P<0.05); and the immunity organ indices and the jejunum villus height of broilers were significantly decreased under stress (P<0.05). Probiotics significantly improved the activity of pancreatic lipase and jejunum villus height (P<0.05), but significantly reduced jejunum crypt depth (P<0.05). There was a significant interaction between stress and probiotics on the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (P<0.05). In conclusion, stress damages the microenvironment in the intestine of mail broilers, reduces the growth performance and inhibits the normal development of immunity organs. Probiotics can significantly alleviate the negative effects of stress on intestinal villus damage. However, no significant effects of probiotics on growth performance were found.

Key words： probiotics; male broilers; stress; growth performance; jejunum morphology; enzyme activity

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