动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 11: 4216 - 4226

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.046

研究简报 Short Communications

饲粮维生素D和钙水平对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响

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  • 1. 中国农业科学院特产研究所, 特种经济动物分子生物学国家重点实验室, 长春 130112;
    2. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 北京 100081
王静(1991-),女,河南信阳人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:jingw1011@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-04-18

  网络出版日期: 2017-10-31

基金资助

中国农业科学院基本科研业务费（CAAS-ASTIP-2017-ISAPS）

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Effects of Dietary Vitamin D and Calcium Levels on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Nitrogen Metabolism of Growing Minks

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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China;
    2. Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2017-04-18

  Online published: 2017-10-31

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摘要

本试验旨在研究在钙磷比固定的条件下，饲粮维生素D和钙水平对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响。选取（60±5）日龄健康短毛黑公水貂117只，随机分成9组，每组13个重复，每个重复1只。试验采用3×3双因素随机试验设计，饲粮钙磷比固定为2，设3个维生素D水平，分别为2 100、4 100、6 100 IU/kg，3个钙水平，分别为2.3%、2.7%、3.1%，共配制9种试验饲粮，9种饲粮的钙与维生素D水平分别为2.3%与2 100 IU/kg （Ⅰ组）、2.3%与4 100 IU/kg （Ⅱ组）、2.3%与6 100 IU/kg （Ⅲ组）、2.7%与2 100 IU/kg （Ⅳ组）、2.7%与4 100 IU/kg （Ⅴ组）、2.7%与6 100 IU/kg （Ⅵ组）、3.1%与2 100 IU/kg （Ⅶ组）、3.1%与4 100 IU/kg （Ⅷ组）、3.1%与6 100 IU/kg （Ⅸ组）。预试期13 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）饲粮维生素D和钙水平对育成期水貂的末重、平均日增重、料重比均有极显著的影响（P<0.01），末重、平均日增重均以Ⅷ组最高，Ⅰ组最低，料重比以Ⅷ组最低，Ⅰ组最高。2）育成期水貂脂肪消化率组间差异极显著（P<0.01），Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组极显著高于Ⅶ、Ⅷ组（P<0.01）。饲粮钙水平对育成期水貂干物质排出量有显著影响（P<0.05），以钙水平为3.1%时最高；饲粮钙水平对育成期水貂脂肪消化率有极显著影响（P<0.01），钙水平为3.1%时极显著低于钙水平为2.3%和2.7%时（P<0.01）。饲粮维生素D水平极显著影响育成期水貂的干物质排出量（P<0.01），以维生素D水平为4 100 IU/kg时最低；饲粮维生素D水平显著影响育成期水貂的干物质消化率、脂肪消化率（P<0.05），二者均以维生素D水平为4 100 IU/kg时最高。3）饲粮钙水平对育成期水貂的氮沉积有显著影响（P<0.05），且氮沉积呈现随饲粮钙水平的升高而增加的趋势，以钙水平为3.1%时最高。饲粮维生素D水平对育成期水貂的净蛋白质利用率、蛋白质生物学价值有显著影响（P<0.05），且均以维生素D水平为4 100 IU/kg时最高。饲粮维生素D和钙水平对育成期水貂的净蛋白质利用率、蛋白质生物学价值均有显著的交互作用（P<0.05），二者以Ⅷ组最高。综合各项指标，在本试验条件下，饲粮中钙磷比为2、维生素D水平为4 100 IU/kg、钙水平为3.1%时，育成期水貂可以获得较好的生长性能、较高的营养物质消化率及氮利用率。

关键词： 维生素D; 钙; 磷; 水貂; 生长性能; 氮代谢

本文引用格式

王静, 张海华, 徐逸男, 李仁德, 张雪蕾, 崔虎, 乜豪, 李光玉 . 饲粮维生素D和钙水平对育成期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(11) : 4216 -4226 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.11.046

Abstract

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin D and calcium levels on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen metabolism of growing mink at a fixed ratio of calcium to phosphorus. One hundred and seventeen healthy short black male minks at the age of (60±5) days with the similar body weight were randomly divided into 9 groups with 13 replicates per group and 1 mink per replicate. Nine experimental diets were formulated by using 3×3 double factorial experiment design. Dietary calcium to phosphorus ratio was fixed at 2, and three vitamin D levels were 2 100, 4 100 and 6 100 IU/kg, respectively, while three calcium levels were 2.3%, 2.7% and 3.1%, respectively. The levels of calcium and vitamin D in the 9 diets were 2.3% and 2 100 IU/kg (group Ⅰ), 2.3% and 4 100 IU/kg (group Ⅱ), 2.3% and 6 100 IU/kg (group Ⅲ), 2.7% and 2 100 IU/kg (group Ⅳ), 2.7% and 4 100 IU/kg (group Ⅴ), 2.7% and 6 100 IU/kg (group Ⅵ), 3.1% and 2 100 IU/kg (group Ⅶ), 3.1% and 4 100 IU/kg (group Ⅷ), 3.1% and 6 100 IU/kg (group Ⅸ), respectively. The pretrial lasted for 13 days, and the formal trial lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows:1) dietary vitamin D and calcium levels had extremely significant effects on the final weight, average daily gain and feed/gain (P<0.01), and the final weight and average daily gain was the highest in group Ⅷ, the lowest in groupⅠ, feed/gain ratio was just the opposite. 2) There was an extremely significant difference in the fat digestibility of growing minks among groups (P<0.01), and the fat digestibility in groups Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ was extremely significantly higher than those in groups Ⅶ and Ⅷ (P<0.01). The dry matter output of growing minks was significantly affected by the dietary calcium level (P<0.05), and it reached the highest when the dietary calcium level was 3.1%. The fat digestibility of growing minks was extremely significantly affected by the dietary calcium level (P<0.01), and it was extremely significantly lower when the dietary calcium level was 3.1% than that when the dietary calcium level was 2.3% and 2.7% (P<0.01). Dietary vitamin D level extremely significantly affected the dry matter output of growing minks (P<0.01), and it reached the lowest when the dietary vitamin D level was 4 100 IU/kg. Dietary vitamin D level significantly affected the dry matter digestibility and fat digestibility of growing minks (P<0.05), and both of them reached the highest when the dietary vitamin D level was 4 100 IU/kg. 3) Dietary calcium level had a significant effect on the nitrogen deposition of growing minks (P<0.05). And nitrogen deposition showed a tendency to increase with the increase of dietary calcium level, and it was the highest at the 3.1% calcium level. Dietary vitamin D level had significant effects on net protein utilization and protein biological value of growing minks (P<0.05), and both of them reached the highest when the dietary vitamin D level was 4 100 IU/kg. Dietary vitamin D and calcium levels had significant interaction effects on the net protein utilization and protein biological value of growing minks (P<0.05), and the highest values of them were found in the group Ⅷ. Comprehensive analysis of various indicators, when the dietary calcium to phosphorus ratio of is 2, the vitamin D level is 4 100 IU/kg, and the calcium level is 3.1%, growing minks can get the better growth performance, and the higher nutrient digestibility and nitrogen utilization in the present study.

Key words： vitamin D; calcium; phosphorus; mink; growth performance; nitrogen metabolism

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