动物营养学报 >

2017 , Vol. 29 >Issue 12: 4447 - 4458

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.12.025

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

减少矿物质元素的饲粮中补充包膜半胱胺对育肥猪生长性能、胴体品质、矿物质元素沉积及排放的影响

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  • 1. 华南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 广州 510642;
    2. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态所, 动物营养代谢过程与生理调控实验室, 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术中心, 长沙 410125;
    3. 湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心, 长沙 410128;
    4. 杭州康德权饲料有限公司, 杭州 311107
白苗苗(1990-),女,河北保定人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:981259771@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-05-19

  网络出版日期: 2017-12-04

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（31501964）；国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0501201）

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Effects of Addition of Coated Cysteamine in Reducing Mineral Elements Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Quality, Mineral Elements Deposition and Excretion of Finishing Pigs

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  • 1. College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
    2. Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Healthy Livestock, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
    3. Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China;
    4. Hangzhou King Techina Feed Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311107, China

Received date: 2017-05-19

  Online published: 2017-12-04

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摘要

本试验旨在研究夏季高温状态下，在减少矿物质（铜、铁、锰、锌）元素的饲粮中补充包膜半胱胺对育肥后期猪生长性能、胴体品质、组织矿物质元素沉积和粪便矿物质元素排放的影响。试验共选用360头健康、平均体重为（103.9±0.7）kg的三元（杜×长×大）杂交育肥猪，采用2×2双因素试验设计，分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复15头。因素1为饲粮矿物质元素的含量，设计为基础饲粮铜、铁、锌、锰元素含量的100%和80% 2个水平；因素2为饲粮包膜半胱胺（半胱胺含量27%）含量，设计为0、1 600 mg/kg（半胱胺含量300 mg/kg）2个水平。试验期30 d。结果表明：1）饲粮减少矿物质元素或补充包膜半胱胺对育肥猪后期的生长性能和胴体品质均无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）饲粮减少矿物质元素可显著降低育肥猪肝脏中铬元素的含量及肾脏中钠、钙、铅元素的含量（P<0.05），显著升高血清钠元素含量（P<0.05）；减少矿物质元素的饲粮中补充包膜半胱胺显著或极显著降低肝脏中钾元素含量和肾脏中钠、钙、铅、铜元素含量（P<0.05或P<0.01），并有降低肝脏锰、锌、铬及钙元素和血清中铬和镁元素含量沉积的趋势（0.05 ≤ P<0.10），对维持机体各组织中钠元素的稳定有利。3）饲粮中减少矿物质元素或补充包膜半胱胺极显著减少粪便中铅和铜元素的排放量（P<0.01）；饲粮减少矿物质元素可显著降低粪便中锌元素的排放量（P<0.05），极显著升高镁元素的排放量（P<0.05）；减少矿物质元素的饲粮中补充包膜半胱胺对粪便中铬元素的排放量有降低趋势（0.05 ≤ P<0.10）。由此可见，夏季高温期，在饲粮的铜、铁、锰、锌4种矿物质元素含量减少20%条件下补充1 600 mg/kg包膜半胱胺，能在不影响育肥猪后期生长性能和胴体品质的同时，降低血清、肝脏和肾脏中矿物质元素的沉积，减少粪便铅、铜和铬元素对环境的排放，维持机体电解质平衡。

关键词： 矿物质元素; 包膜半胱胺; 育肥猪; 生长性能; 沉积; 排放

本文引用格式

白苗苗, 刘红南, 张旺宏, 张晓峰, 徐康, 习欠云, 邓近平, 印遇龙 . 减少矿物质元素的饲粮中补充包膜半胱胺对育肥猪生长性能、胴体品质、矿物质元素沉积及排放的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(12) : 4447 -4458 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.12.025

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the effects of addition of coated cysteamine (CC) in reducing mineral elements[copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn)] diet on growth performance, carcass quality, tissue mineral elements deposition and fecal mineral elements excretion of finishing pigs under high temperature in summer. A total of 360 crossbred (Duroc×Landrace×Large White) healthy finishing pigs with average body weight of (103.9±0.7) kg were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 10 replicates per group and 15 pigs per replicate by a 2×2 two factors design. Fact1 was dietary mineral element contents, and or Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn contents were designed as two levels (100% and 80%) of a basal diet; factor 2 was dietary CC (cysteamine content was 27%) content, and were designed as two levels[0 and 1 600 mg/kg (cysteamine content was 300 mg/kg). The trial lasted for 30 d. The results showed as follows:1) dietary reducing mineral elements or adding CC had no significant effects on growth performance and carcass quality of finishing pigs (P>0.05). 2) Dietary reducing mineral elements significantly decreased chromium (Cr) content in liver and natrium (Na), calcium (Ca) and and plumbum (Pb) contents in kidney (P<0.05), but significantly increased Na content in serum (P<0.05). The addition of CC in reducing mineral elements diet significantly decreased kalium (K) content in liver and Na, Ca, Pb and Cu contents in kidney (P<0.05), tended to decreased Mn, Zn, Cr and Ca contents in liver and Cr and Mn contents in serum (0.05 ≤ P<0.10), and was benefit to maintaining Na balance in body tissues. 3) Dietary reducing mineral elements or adding CC significantly decreased Cu and Pb excretions in feces (P<0.01). Dietary reducing mineral elements significantly decreased fecal Zn excretion (P<0.05), but significantly increased magnesium (Mg) excretion (P<0.05). The addition of CC in reducing mineral elements diet tended to decreased fecal Cr excretion (0.05 ≤ P<0.10). In conclusion, in summer at high temperature, under the condition of reducing 20% Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn contents in diet, the addition of 1 600 mg/kg CC decreases mineral deposition in serum, liver and kidney, decreases fecal Pb, Cu and Cr mineral excretions, and maintains the electrolyte balance without negative effects on growth performance of finishing pigs.

Key words： mineral elements; coated cysteamine; finishing pigs; growth performance; deposition; excretion

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