研究简报 Short communications

不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和血清、鸡蛋中抗体含量的影响

展开
  • 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193
辛小青(1990-),女,甘肃天水人,硕士研究生,从事蛋鸡营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:xxqing2015@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-05-22

  网络出版日期: 2017-12-04

基金资助

"十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD10B04);国家蛋鸡产业技术体系建设专项经费(CARS-41-K16);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS08)

Effects of Crude Polysaccharides Isolated from Alfalfa Used Different Drying Process on Performance, Egg Quality and Serum and Egg Antibody Contents of Laying Hens

Expand
  • Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2017-05-22

  Online published: 2017-12-04

摘要

本试验旨在研究不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、器官指数和血清、鸡蛋中抗体含量的影响。选取54只38周龄的京红1号产蛋鸡,随机分为3组,每组18个重复,每个重复1只鸡,单笼饲养。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加1 000 mg/kg微波真空干燥所得苜蓿粗多糖1(ACPS1)和减压烘干干燥所得苜蓿粗多糖2(ACPS2)。试验期65 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)在试验第28~36天,ACPS1组蛋鸡的平均日采食量显著增加(P<0.05);饲粮中添加不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡各阶段的产蛋率和平均日增重均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)试验第63天,ACPS1组蛋鸡的蛋黄颜色显著增加(P<0.05);试验第30天,饲粮中添加不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡的蛋壳颜色、蛋黄颜色、蛋白高度和哈氏单位均无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)ACPS1组蛋鸡的肝脏指数显著增加(P<0.05),ACPS2组的卵巢指数显著降低(P<0.05);且ACPS1组的肝脏指数和卵巢指数均显著高于ACPS2组(P<0.05)。饲粮中添加不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡的脾脏指数和输卵管指数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)ACPS1组蛋鸡血清中免疫球蛋白Y(IgY)含量显著增加(P<0.05),ACPS1和ACPS2组血清中新城疫抗体(NDV-Ab)、蛋黄中NDV-Ab、蛋清中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量均显著增加(P<0.05);且ACPS1组蛋黄中NDV-Ab、蛋清中IgA和IgM含量均显著高于ACPS2组(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,饲粮中添加苜蓿粗多糖能加深蛋鸡的蛋黄颜色,增加血清和鸡蛋中的抗体含量,且ACPS1的效果更佳。

本文引用格式

辛小青, 董晓芳, 佟建明 . 不同干燥工艺加工的苜蓿粗多糖对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和血清、鸡蛋中抗体含量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2017 , 29(12) : 4603 -4612 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.12.043

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of crude polysaccharides isolated from alfalfa (ACPS) used different drying process on performance, egg quality, organ indexes and serum and egg antibody contents of laying hens. Fifty four 38-week-old Jinghong No.1 laying hens were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 18 replicates per group and 1 hen per replicate fed in single cage. The hens in control group were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, and those in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1 000 mg/kg ACPS by microwave vacuum drying method (ACPS1) and ACPS by decompression drying method (ACPS2), respectively. The experiment lasted for 65 days. The results showed as follows:compared with the control group, 1) the average daily feed intake of laying hens in ACPS1 group was significantly increased from 28 to 36 days (P<0.05). Dietary ACPS used different drying process had no significant effects on egg production and average daily gain of laying hens among all phases (P>0.05). 2) The yolk color of laying hens in ACPS1 group was significantly increased at 63 days (P<0.05). Dietary ACPS used different drying process had no significant effects on eggshell color, yolk color, albumen height and Haugh unit at 30 days (P>0.05). 3) The liver index of laying hens in ACPS1 group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the ovarian index in ACPS2 group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the liver index and ovarian index in ACPS1 group were significantly higher than those in ACPS2 group (P<0.05). Dietary ACPS used different drying process had no significant effects on spleen index and oviduct index (P>0.05). 4) The content of immunoglobulin Y (IgY) in serum of laying hens in ACPS1 group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the contents of Newcastle disease antibody (NDV-Ab) in serum, NDV-Ab in yolk and immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) in albumen in ACPS1 and ACPS2 groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). The contents of NDV-Ab in yolk and IgA and IgM in albumen in ACPS1 group were higher than those in ACPS2 group (P<0.05). These data suggest that dietary ACPS can deepen the yolk color, increase the content of antibody in serum and egg, and ACPS1 has a better effect.

参考文献

[1] 赵武述,张玉琴,任丽娟,等.苜蓿多糖的免疫增强效应[J].中国药理学报,1993,14(3):273-276.

[2] 王少璞.苜蓿多糖提取、纯化及其对蛋鸡肝细胞生物活性的影响[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2014:1-22.

[3] 董殿元.饲粮中添加苜蓿多糖对保育猪生长性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].养猪,2014(3):20-21.

[4] 欧阳克蕙,熊小文,王文君,等.水溶性苜蓿多糖对肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体品质及生长激素和胰岛素样生长因子-1基因表达的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(5):1272-1278.

[5] 张慧辉.水溶性苜蓿多糖的提取及其对鸡免疫功能和生产性能的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.郑州:河南农业大学,2007:5-32.

[6] LI J,TANG Y,MENG X,et al.The proliferative effects of alfalfa polysaccharides on the mouse immune cells[J].Life Science Journal,2013,10(2):868-873.

[7] DENG W,DONG X F,TONG J M,et al.Effects of an aqueous alfalfa extract on production performance,egg quality and lipid metabolism of laying hens[J].Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition,2012,96(1):85-94.  

[8] 徐春燕.苜蓿多糖和黄芪多糖对肉仔鸡抗氧化性能影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.扬州:扬州大学,2010:34-69.

[9] 王丽荣.水溶性苜蓿多糖(WSAP)对肉仔鸡免疫机理的研究[D].硕士学位论文.呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2001:20-21.

[10] 刘晴雪,董晓芳,佟建明,等.水溶性苜蓿多糖对肉仔鸡生长及免疫性能的影响[J].饲料研究,2010,7(1):1-4,8.

[11] 江振莹,玉兰.水溶性苜蓿多糖对肉仔鸡营养免疫作用的研究[J].饲料工业,2005,26(21):19-20.

[12] 张世军,王三虎,赵坤.苜蓿多糖对猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗免疫应答强化作用的研究[J].河南农业科学,2003(10):57-60.

[13] 吴振,李红,罗杨,等.不同干燥方式对银耳多糖理化特性及抗氧化活性的影响[J].食品科学,2014,35(13):93-97.

[14] NEP E I,CONWAY B R.Physicochemical characterization of grewia polysaccharide gum:Effect of drying method[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2011,84(1):446-453.  

[15] FAN L P,LI J W,DENG K Q,et al.Effects of drying methods on the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides extracted from Ganoderma lucidum[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2012,87(2):1849-1854.  

[16] MA L S,CHEN H X,ZHU W C,et al.Effect of different drying methods on physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides extracted from mushroom Inonotus obliquus[J].Food Research International,2013,50(2):633-640.  

[17] WU Z.Effect of different drying methods on chemical composition and bioactivity of finger citron polysaccharides[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2015,76:218-223.

[18] HAMAL K R,BURGESS S C,PEVZNER I Y,et al.Maternal antibody transfer from dams to their egg yolks,egg whites,and chicks in meat lines of chickens[J].Poultry Science,2006,85(8):1364-1372.  

[19] KALLON S,LI X R,JI J,et al.Astragalus polysaccharide enhances immunity and inhibits H9N2 avian influenza virus in vitro and in vivo[J].Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology,2013,4(1):22.

[20] WEI K,SUN Z H,YAN Z G,et al.Effects of Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide on immune response of rabbit haemorrhagic disease tissue inactivated vaccine and on production performance of Rex rabbits[J].Vaccine,2011,29(14):2530-2536.  

[21] CHEN R Z,LIU Z Q,ZHAO J M,et al.Antioxidant and immunobiological activity of water-soluble polysaccharide fractions purified from Acanthopanax senticosu[J].Food Chemistry,2011,127(2):434-440.  

[22] XU X X.Plant polysaccharides and their effects on cell adhesion[M]//Bioactivity and biotechnology.Switzerland:Springer International Publishing,2015:2117-2135.

[23] 王筱霏.黄芪多糖及其硫酸化修饰产物体内外抗炎活性研究[D].硕士学位论文.杨陵:西北农林科技大学,2014:42-57.

[24] LIU C,CHEN J,LI E T,et al.Solomonseal polysaccharide and sulfated Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide synergistically resist newcastle disease virus[J].PLoS One,2015,10(2):e0117916.

[25] 王春花,付云威,张秀英.大黄多糖超声波提取工艺及抗新城疫病毒活性试验[J].中国兽医杂志,2011,47(12):70-73.

[26] 杨侃侃,边连全,刘显军,等.刺五加多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清免疫指标及粪便微生物菌群的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(3):628-634.

[27] 陈红莉.苜蓿多糖对肉仔鸡消化代谢、生长及免疫性能影响的研究[D].硕士学位论文.石河子:石河子大学,2006:19-23.

[28] 韩杰,边连全,张一然,等.刺五加多糖对脂多糖免疫应激断奶仔猪生长性能和血液生理生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(5):1054-1061.

[29] LIU H W,DONG X F,TONG J M,et al.Alfalfa polysaccharides improve the growth performance and antioxidant status of heat-stressed rabbits[J].Livestock Science,2010,131(1):88-93.  

[30] CHEN H L,LI D F,CHANG B Y,et al.Effects of Chinese herbal polysaccharides on the immunity and growth performance of young broilers[J].Poultry Science,2003,82(3):364-370.  

[31] EISEN E J,BOHREN B B,MCKEAN H E.The haugh unit as a measure of egg albumen quality[J].Poultry Science,1962,41(5):1461-1468.  

[32] 曲湘勇,中岛隆.天然着色剂提高蛋黄色泽度的比较研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,1999,35(2):29-31.

[33] KANG M C,KIM S Y,KIM Y T,et al.In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of polysaccharide purified from aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis) gel[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2014,99:365-371.

[34] CHO C W,HAN C,RHEE Y K,et al.Cheonggukjang polysaccharides enhance immune activities and prevent cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2015,72:519-525.

[35] CHEN X,NIE W,FAN S,et al.A polysaccharide from Sargassum fusiforme protects against immunosuppression in cyclophosphamide-treated mice[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2012,90(2):1114-1119.  

[36] CHEN Y,TANG J B,WANG X K,et al.An immunostimulatory polysaccharide (SCP-Ⅱa) from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill[J].International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,2012,50(3):844-848.  

[37] WANG M,MENG X Y,LE YANG R,et al.Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides can enhance the immunity and antioxidation activity in immunosuppressed mice[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2012,89(2):461-466.  

[38] 昌友权,王维佳,杨世杰,等.玉米须多糖对四氯化碳致肝损伤小鼠的保护作用[J].食品科学,2004,25(10):305-308.

[39] 袁施彬,何平.家禽冷应激及其营养调控研究进展[J].中国畜禽种业,2008,4(8):55-58.

[40] 官丽辉,张立永,刘海斌,等.黄芪多糖对蛋鸡生产性能、生殖激素及血液生理生化指标的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2015,30(7):70-76.

[41] CHEN Q,LIU Z,HE J.Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide enhances immune response in weaned piglets[J].Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology,2009,31(2):253-260.  

[42] DENG Z Y,ZHANG J W,WU G Y,et al.Dietary supplementation with polysaccharides from Semen cassiae enhances immunoglobulin production and interleukin gene expression in early-weaned piglets[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,2007,87(10):1868-1873.  

[43] XIE F,SAKWIWATKUL K,ZHANG C,et al.Atractylodis macrocephalae Koidz. polysaccharides enhance both serum IgG response and gut mucosal immunity[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2013, 91(1):68-73.  

[44] XU H S,WU Y W,XU S F,et al.Antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from the roots of Actinidia eriantha[J].Journal of Ethnopharmacology,2009,125(2):310-317.  

[45] 李淑芳,李英,张继东,等.米糠多糖对健康雏鸡外周血T淋巴细胞转化和体液免疫的影响[J].动物营养学报,2007,19(3):237-244.

[46] YU Z H,JIN C,XIN M,et al.Effect of Aloe vera polysaccharides on immunity and antioxidant activities in oral ulcer animal models[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2009,75(2):307-311.  

[47] BRAMBELL F W R.The transmission of passive immunity from mother to young[C]//Neuberger & Tatum.Frontiers of Biology.Amsterdam/London:North Holland Publishing Company,1970,18:20-41.

[48] WEST A P,Jr,HERR A B,BJORKMAN P J.The chicken yolk sac IgY receptor,a functional equivalent of the mammalian MHC-related Fc receptor,is a phospholipase A2 receptor homolog[J].Immunity,2004,20(5):601-610.  

[49] ROSE M E,ORLANS E,BUTTRESS N.Immunoglobulin classes in the hen's egg:Their segregation in yolk and white[J].European Journal of Immunology,1974,4(7):521-523.  

[50] LOEKEN M R,ROTH T F.Analysis of maternal IgG subpopulations which are transported into the chicken oocyte[J].Immunology,1983,49(1):21-28.
文章导航

/