不同玉米粉碎粒度对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及消化机能的影响

张嘉琦, 秦玉昌, 李军国, 李俊, 牛力斌, 于治芹

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.02.018

动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 2: 542 - 552

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.02.018

禽营养 Poultry nutrition

不同玉米粉碎粒度对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及消化机能的影响

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1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 北京 100081;
2. 中国农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193;
3. 农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100081

张嘉琦(1993-),男,河南济源人,硕士研究生,从事饲料加工与营养的研究。E-mail:zhanghaliluya@gmail.com

收稿日期: 2017-08-25

网络出版日期: 2018-02-02

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系北京市家禽创新团队项目

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Effects of Different Grinding Particle Sizes of Corn on Performance, Egg Quality and Digestive Function of Laying Hens

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1. Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100193, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2017-08-25

Online published: 2018-02-02

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摘要

本试验旨在研究在同一配方条件下，不同玉米粉碎粒度对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及消化机能的影响。饲料原料使用锤片式粉碎机进行粉碎，其中玉米分别用4.0、5.0、6.0、7.0、8.0和10.0 mm的筛孔直径进行粉碎，其他饲料原料均采用5.0 mm的筛孔直径进行粉碎。选取210日龄的海兰褐蛋鸡2 592只，随机分为6组，每组6个重复，每个重复72只，各组蛋鸡分别饲喂不同玉米粉碎粒度的饲粮。试验期为16周。结果表明：1）玉米和全价饲粮的几何平均粒径随着筛孔直径的增大而增大，但全价饲粮的差异较小。随着筛孔直径的逐渐增大，粉碎能耗逐渐下降，从3.93 kW·h/t降低到1.19 kW·h/t。2）随着玉米粉碎粒度的增大，平均蛋重呈先升高后降低的趋势，5.0 mm筛孔直径组平均蛋重显著高于10.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05）。随着玉米粉碎粒度的增大，破蛋率、软蛋率呈先降低后升高的趋势，6.0 mm筛孔直径组破蛋率显著低于10.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05），7.0 mm筛孔直径组软蛋率显著低于4.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05）。3）7.0 mm筛孔直径组蛋黄比率显著大于5.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05）。4）5.0 mm筛孔直径组粗蛋白质的表观消化率显著高于6.0、7.0、8.0、10.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05），5.0 mm筛孔直径组总能的表观消化率显著高于4.0、7.0、10.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05），7.0 mm筛孔直径组干物质的表观消化率显著高于4.0、10.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05）。5）7.0 mm筛孔直径组盲肠大肠杆菌的数量显著低于4.0、10.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05），5.0 mm筛孔直径组的空肠指数显著高于6.0、7.0和8.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05），8.0 mm筛孔直径组腺胃食糜的pH显著低于4.0、5.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05），6.0 mm筛孔直径组回肠食糜pH显著高于4.0、5.0、7.0、10.0 mm筛孔直径组（P<0.05）。由此可见，针对蛋鸡饲粮，粉碎玉米筛孔直径为6.0 mm时，蛋鸡的生产性能和蛋品质较佳，并有利于肠道健康。

关键词： 玉米粉碎粒度; 蛋鸡; 粉碎能耗; 生产性能; 蛋品质; 消化机能

本文引用格式

张嘉琦, 秦玉昌, 李军国, 李俊, 牛力斌, 于治芹 . 不同玉米粉碎粒度对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及消化机能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(2) : 542 -552 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.02.018

Abstract

This study was conducted to study the effect of different grinding particle sizes of corn on performance, egg quality and digestive function of laying hens with the same formula. The feed ingredients was ground with a hammer mill, corn was ground with 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 and 10.0 mm sieve diameters, respectively, and the other feed ingredients were ground with 5.0 mm sieve diameter. A total of 2 592 Roman brown laying hens at 210 days of age were randomly allocated into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 72 laying hens per replicate. Different groups were fed different grinding particle sizes diets. The experiment lasted for 16 weeks. The results showed as follows:1) the geometric mean diameter of corn and complete diet was increased with the sieve diameter increased, but the difference of complete diet was smaller. With the sieve diameter increased, the grinding energy consumption was decreased from 3.93 to 1.19 kW·h/t. 2) With the grinding particle size of corn increasing, the average egg weight firstly increased and then decreased, the average egg weight of 5.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly higher than that of 10.0 mm sieve diameter group (P<0.05). With the grinding particle size of corn increasing, the broken egg rate and soft egg rate were firstly decreased and then increased, the broken egg rate of 6.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly lower than that of 10.0 mm sieve diameter group (P<0.05), the soft egg rate of 7.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly lower than that of 4.0 mm sieve diameter group (P<0.05). 3) The yolk ratio of 7.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly higher than that of 5.0 mm sieve diameter group (P<0.05). 4) The crude protein apparent digestibility of 5.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly higher than that of 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 and 10.0 mm sieve diameter groups (P<0.05), the gross energy apparent digestibility of 5.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly higher than that of 4.0, 7.0 and 10.0 mm sieve diameter groups (P<0.05), the dry matter apparent digestibility of 7.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly higher than that of 4.0 and 10.0 mm sieve diameter groups (P<0.05). 5) The caecal Escherichia coli number of 7.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly lower than that of 4.0 and 10.0 mm sieve diameter groups (P<0.05), the jejunum index of 5.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly higher than that of 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0 mm sieve diameter groups (P<0.05), the chyme pH in proventriculus of 8.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly lower than that of 4.0 and 5.0 mm sieve diameter groups (P<0.05), the chyme pH in ileum of 6.0 mm sieve diameter group was significantly higher than that of 4.0, 5.0, 7.0 and 10.0 mm sieve diameter groups (P<0.05). It can be concluded that aims at the diet of laying hens, 6.0 mm sieve diameter for grinding corn can get the better performance and egg quality, and it is good for intestinal health of laying hens.

Key words： corn grinding particle size; laying hens; grinding energy consumption; performance; egg quality; digestive function

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