尿素-碳酸氢钠复合厌氧处理麦秸对崂山奶山羊泌乳性能及血清生化指标的影响

刘培剑, 朱风华, 葛蔚, 曹玉芳, 程明, 林英庭

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.02.024

动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 2: 597 - 605

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.02.024

反刍动物营养 Ruminant nutrition

尿素-碳酸氢钠复合厌氧处理麦秸对崂山奶山羊泌乳性能及血清生化指标的影响

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1. 青岛农业大学动物科技学院, 青岛 266109;
2. 青岛市畜牧兽医研究所, 青岛 266000

刘培剑(1990-),男,山东安丘人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:634588407@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-09-30

网络出版日期: 2018-02-02

基金资助

山东省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队（SDAIT-10-04）

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Effects of Compound Anaerobic Treated Wheat Straw with Urea and Sodium Bicarbonate on Lactation Performance and Serum Biochemical Indices of Laoshan Dairy Goats

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
2. Institute of Husbandry and Veterinary of Qingdao City, Qingdao 266000, China

Received date: 2017-09-30

Online published: 2018-02-02

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摘要

本试验旨在研究尿素-碳酸氢钠复合厌氧处理麦秸对崂山奶山羊泌乳性能及血清生化指标的影响。选用体重为（53.20±1.75）kg、产奶量为（1.41±0.22）kg/d的2胎健康崂山奶山羊24只，采用单因素随机分组设计，随机分成4组，每组6个重复，每重复1只羊。试验饲粮均由精料、全株玉米青贮、秸秆按4∶3∶3混合而成，4组所用秸秆依次为麦秸、复合厌氧麦秸（添加2.5%碳酸氢钠和4%尿素青贮40 d）、玉米秸、花生秧。试验期为75 d，其中预试期15 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）复合厌氧麦秸组干物质采食量（DMI）极显著高于麦秸组、玉米秸组、花生秧组（P<0.01），分别提高了25.67%、11.37%、10.33%。2）复合厌氧麦秸组产奶量极显著高于麦秸组（P<0.01），提高了20.16%；复合厌氧麦秸组4%标准乳产量与花生秧组、玉米秸组差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）复合厌氧麦秸组乳蛋白率与麦秸组、花生秧组、玉米秸组差异不显著（P>0.05），乳脂率显著低于花生秧组（P<0.05）；4组之间乳糖率、乳非脂固形物率差异不显著（P>0.05）；复合厌氧麦秸组乳脂、乳蛋白、乳糖及乳非脂固形物产量显著或极显著高于麦秸组（P<0.05或P<0.01），与玉米秸组、花生秧组差异不显著（P>0.05）。4）复合厌氧麦秸组血清总胆固醇含量显著低于其他3组（P<0.05），血清甘油三酯含量低于其他3组，差异不显著（P>0.05）；4组血清葡萄糖、尿素氮、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白含量差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上，尿素-碳酸氢钠复合厌氧麦秸饲喂崂山奶山羊可提高DMI、产奶量、乳脂率、乳蛋白率，增加乳成分产量，饲喂效果优于未处理麦秸，与玉米秸、花生秧效果相当，对血清生化指标没有不良影响，可作为崂山奶山羊粗饲料加以推广应用。

关键词： 复合厌氧处理; 粗饲料; 泌乳性能; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

刘培剑, 朱风华, 葛蔚, 曹玉芳, 程明, 林英庭 . 尿素-碳酸氢钠复合厌氧处理麦秸对崂山奶山羊泌乳性能及血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(2) : 597 -605 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.02.024

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of compound anaerobic treated wheat straw with urea and sodium bicarbonate on lactation performance and serum biochemical indices of Laoshan dairy goats. Twenty four healthy Laoshan dairy goats in lactation with body weight of (53.20±1.75) kg, milk yield of (1.41±0.22) kg/d, and 2 parities were used by single factor randomized design and equally divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 1 goat per replicate. Diets were all mixed with concentrate, whole-plant corn silage, straw with the ratio of 4:3:3. The straw of four groups was wheat straw, compound anaerobic wheat straw (supplemented with 2.5% sodium bicarbonate and 4% urea, and ensilaged for 40 d), corn stover and peanut vine, respectively. The experiment lasted for 75 d consisting of a 15-day-pretest and a 60-day-test. The results showed as follows:1) dry matter intake (DMI) in compound anaerobic wheat straw group was significantly higher than that in wheat straw (P<0.05), corn stover and peanut vine groups, and improved by 25.67%, 11.37% and 10.33%, respectively. 2) Milk yield in compound anaerobic wheat straw group was significantly higher than that in wheat straw group (P<0.05), and was improved by 20.16%; 4% fat-corrected milk yield in compound anaerobic wheat straw group was not significantly different from that in corn stover and peanut vine groups(P>0.05). 3)Milk protein percentage in compound anaerobic wheat straw group was not significantly from that in wheat straw, corn stover and peanut vine groups (P>0.05), and milk fat percentage in compound anaerobic wheat straw group was significantly lower than that in peanut vine group (P<0.05); there were no significant differences of lactose percentage and milk non-fat solid percentage among groups(P>0.05); yields of milk fat, milk protein, lactose and milk non-fat solid in compound anaerobic wheat straw group were significantly higher than those in wheat straw group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but were not significantly different from corn stover and peanut vine groups (P>0.05). 4) Serum total cholesterol content in compound anaerobic wheat straw group was significantly lower than that in other groups (P<0.05), and serum triglyceride content in compound anaerobic wheat straw group was lower than that in other groups, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05); there were no significant differences in serum glucose, urea nitrogen, total protein, albumin and globulin contents among groups (P>0.05). It is concluded that using compound anaerobic treated wheat straw with urea and sodium bicarbonate to feed Laoshan dairy goats can improve DMI, milk yield, milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage, increase milk composition yields, and its feeding effect is superior to wheat straw and similar to corn stover and peanut vine; there are no adverse effects on serum biochemical indices of Laoshan dairy goats; urea-sodium bicarbonate compound anaerobic treated wheat straw can be used as a roughage source for Laoshan dairy goats.

Key words： compound anaerobic treatment; roughage; lactation performance; serum biochemical indices

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