动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 5: 1736 - 1747

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.016

反刍动物营养 Ruminant nutrition

不同脂肪酸来源代乳品对哺乳期犊牛生长性能和营养物质消化代谢的影响

展开
  • 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室, 北京 100081
胡凤明(1991-),男,河南新乡人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物生理与营养。E-mail:hufengming2017@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-10-23

  网络出版日期: 2018-05-06

基金资助

中国农业科学院创新工程专项经费；奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队专项（BAIC06-2017）

收起

Effects of Different Fatty Acid Sources in Milk Replacer on Growth Performance, Digestion and Metabolism of Sucking Calves

Expand
  • Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Nutrition, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2017-10-23

  Online published: 2018-05-06

Fold

摘要

本试验通过以椰子油和棕榈油替代代乳品中的乳脂，研究对哺乳期犊牛生长性能和营养物质消化代谢的影响。试验选取60头初生荷斯坦公犊牛，随机分成5组，分别饲喂等氮等能但脂肪源不同的5种代乳品：1）代乳品中脂肪全部来自于乳脂；2）代乳品中脂肪中50%来自于椰子油，50%来自于乳脂；3）代乳品中脂肪中100%来自于椰子油；4）代乳品中脂肪中50%来自于棕榈油，50%来自于乳脂；5）代乳品中脂肪中100%来自于棕榈油。试验期56 d。结果显示：1）椰子油或棕榈油50%和100%替代乳脂对14~56日龄犊牛平均日增重、干物质采食量、饲料转化率和腹泻率的没有显著影响（P>0.05）；2）椰子油或棕榈油50%和100%替代乳脂对哺乳期犊牛血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和游离脂肪酸含量的影响不显著（P>0.05）；3）椰子油或棕榈油50%和100%替代乳脂对哺乳期犊牛干物质、有机物、粗脂肪、钙、磷表观消化率和能量利用率的影响不显著（P>0.05）。结果提示，椰子油和棕榈油替代乳脂改变了代乳品中的脂肪酸组成，但不同脂肪酸组成的代乳品对哺乳期犊牛生长性能和营养物质消化代谢无显著影响。

关键词： 哺乳期犊牛; 椰子油; 棕榈油; 代乳品; 生长性能; 消化代谢

本文引用格式

胡凤明, 董利锋, 毕研亮, 马俊南, 王炳, 刁其玉, 屠焰 . 不同脂肪酸来源代乳品对哺乳期犊牛生长性能和营养物质消化代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(5) : 1736 -1747 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.016

Abstract

The objective of study was to determine the effects of butterfat replaced by coconut oil or palm oil in milk replacer on growth performance, digestion and metabolism of sucking calves. Sixty newborn Holstein calves were randomly assigned to one of five groups. Calves in different groups were fed five isonitrogen and isoenergetic replacers with different butterfat sources, which were as follows:1) butterfat as sole fat sources in milk replacer; 2) 50% butterfat was replaced by coconut oil; 3)100% butterfat was replaced by coconut oil; 4) 50% butterfat was replaced by palm oil; 5)100% butterfat was replaced by palm oil. The trial lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows:1) at 14 to 56 days of age, the replacement of coconut oil or palm oil at 50% or 100% did not significantly affect average daily gain, dry matter intake, feed efficiency, and diarrhea rate (P>0.05); 2) serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and free fatty acid contents were not significant affected by the replacement of coconut oil or palm oil at 50% or 100% (P>0.05); 3) the apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, calcium and phosphorus, and energy utilization rate were not significant affected by the replacement of coconut oil or palm oil at 50% or 100% (P>0.05). The change of fatty acid composition by replacement of butterfat by coconut oil and palm oil in milk replacer has little effect on growth performance, digestion and metabolism of nutrients of sucking calves.

Key words： sucking calf; coconut oil; palm oil; milk replacer; growth performance; digestion and metabolism

参考文献

[1] CHASE C C L,HURLEY D J,REBER A J.Neonatal immune development in the calf and its impact on vaccine response[J].Veterinary Clinics of North America,2008,24(1):87-104.

[2] GODDEN S.Colostrum management for dairy calves[J].Veterinary Clinics of North America,2008,24(1):19-39.

[3] PANTOPHLET A J,GERRITS W J J,VONK R J,et al.Substantial replacement of lactose with fat in a high-lactose milk replacer diet increases liver fat accumulation but does not affect insulin sensitivity in veal calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(12):10022-10032.  

[4] GARCIA M,SHIN J H,SCHLAEFLI A,et al.Increasing intake of essential fatty acids from milk replacer benefits performance,immune responses,and health of preweaned Holstein calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(1):458-477.  

[5] HILL T M,ALDRICH J M,SCHLOTTERBECK R L.Effects of changing the essential and functional fatty acid intake of dairy calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2009,92(2):670-676.  

[6] BOWEN Y W S,SWANK V A,EASTRIDGE M L,et al.Jersey calf performance in response to high-protein, high-fat liquid feeds with varied fatty acid profiles:intake and performance1[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(4):2494-2506.  

[7] USDA.Oli seed:world market and trade[R].[S.l.]:USDA,2017.[2017-02-21].

[8] VICTORINO T J.Environmental impact of palm oil[M].[S.l.]:Log Press,2011.

[9] BACH A C,BABAYAN V K.Medium-chain triglycerides:an update[J].American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,1982,36(5):950-962.  

[10] DAYRIT F M.The Properties of lauric acid and their significance in coconut oil[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society,2015,92(1):1-15.  

[11] WILSON T A,NICOLOSI R J,KOTYLA T,et al.Different palm oil preparations reduce plasma cholesterol concentrations and aortic cholesterol accumulation compared to coconut oil in hypercholesterolemic hamsters[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,2005,16(10):633-640.  

[12] GRAULET B,GRUFFAT-MOUTY D,DURAND D,et al.Effects of milk diets containing beef tallow or coconut oil on the fatty acid metabolism of liver slices from preruminant calves[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2000,84(3):309-318.

[13] MILLS J K,ROSS D A,VAN AMBURGH M E.The effects of feeding medium-chain triglycerides on the growth,insulin responsiveness,and body composition of Holstein calves from birth to 85 kg of body weight[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2010,93(9):4262-4273.  

[14] KARCHER E L,HILL T M,BATEMAN N H G,et al.Comparison of supplementation of n-3 fatty acids from fish and flax oil on cytokine gene expression and growth of milk-fed Holstein calves[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2014,97(4):2329-2337.  

[15] 杨春涛.热带假丝酵母与桑叶黄酮对犊牛生长和胃肠道发育的影响[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2016.

[16] AOAC.Official methods of analysis of AOAC international[M].17th ed.Washington,D.C.:Association of Official Anlytical Chemists,2000.

[17] 张乃锋.蛋白质与氨基酸营养对早期断奶犊牛免疫相关指标的影响[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2008.

[18] MCDONALD P,EDWARDS R A,GREENHALGH J F D,et al.Animal nutrition[M].6th ed.England:Longman Group United Kingdom,2002.

[19] 张蓉.能量水平及来源对早期断奶犊牛消化代谢的影响研究[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2008.

[20] JENKINS K J,KRAMER J K,SAUER F D,et al.Influence of triglycerides and free fatty acids in milk replacers on calf performance,blood plasma,and adipose lipids[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1985,68(3):669-680.  

[21] HILL T M,Ⅱ H G B,PAS J M A,et al.Effect of various fatty acids on dairy calf performance[J].Professional Animal Scientist,2011,27(3):167-175.  

[22] NEURINGER M,ANDERSON G J,CONNOR W E.The essentiality of n-3 fatty acids for the development and function of the retina and brain[J].Annual Review of Nutrition,1988,8(1):517-541.  

[23] FRITSCHE K L.Too much linoleic acid promotes inflammation-doesn't it[J].Prostaglandins,Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids,2008,79(3/4/5):173-175.

[24] 高巧仙,宋代军,靳露.饲粮n-6/n-3多不饱和脂肪酸比例对畜禽健康和产品品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(7):1429-1436.

[25] PILEVAR M,ARSHAMI J,GOLIAN A,et al.Effects of dietary n-6:n-3 ratio on immune and reproductive systems of pullet chicks[J].Poultry Science,2011,90(8):1758-1766.  

[26] LESKANICH C O,NOBLE R C.The comparative roles of polyunsaturated fatty acids in pig neonatal development[J].British Journal of Nutrition,1999,81(2):87-106.

[27] KLEIN C J.Nutrient requirements for preterm infant formulas[J].The Journal of Nutrition,2002,132(Suppl.1):1395S-1577S.

[28] 王钰飞,齐岩,铃田靖幸,等.中链脂肪酸在新生仔猪上的研究与应用[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(7):1997-2004.

[29] PRICE K L,LIN X,VAN H E,et al.Diet physical form,fatty acid chain length,and emulsification alter fat utilization and growth of newly weaned pigs[J].Journal of Animal Science,2013,91(2):783-792.  

[30] 王建红.中链甘油三酯对肉仔鸡脂肪代谢和肉品质的影响及其作用机理[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2015.

[31] 文远红,米海峰,张璐,等.棕榈油替代大豆油对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、肌肉营养组成和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(3):953-960.

[32] 任春晓.不同油脂对仔猪饲粮养分利用率、生长性能及血清生化指标的影响[D].硕士学位论文.广州:华南农业大学,2016.

[33] 张海华,张铁涛,周宁,等.饲粮脂肪水平对哺乳期水貂生产性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(8):2225-2231.

[34] 张月红,刘英华,王觐,等.中长链脂肪酸食用油降低超重高甘油三酯患者血脂和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的研究[J].中国食品学报,2010,10(2):20-27.

[35] 郑秋甫.Omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸的研究进展[J].中华保健医学杂志,2011,13(5):357-360.

[36] 张艳荣,单玉玲,李玉.姬松茸ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸对高血脂鼠的降血脂作用[J].吉林大学学报(医学版),2006,32(6):960-963.

[37] PETRESCU A D,HUANG H,MARTIN G G,et al.Impact of L-FABP and glucose on polyunsaturated fatty acid induction of PPARα-regulated β-oxidative enzymes[J].American Journal of Physiology:Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology,2013,304(3):G241-G256.

[38] 刘忠臣.不同来源脂肪对仔猪的营养效应及对E.coli攻毒的保护作用研究[D].博士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2011.

[39] GUILLOT E,VAUGELADE P,LEMARCHAL P,et al.Intestinal absorption and liver uptake of medium-chain fatty acids in non-anaesthetized pigs[J].British Journal of Nutrition,1993,69(2):431-442.  

[40] 宋增廷,王华朗,杨荣,等.脂肪酸功能及其在养猪生产中应用的研究进展[J].中国畜牧兽医,2015,42(12):3253-3260.

[41] HONG S M,HWANG J H,KIM I H.Effect of medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,blood characteristics in weanling pigs[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2012,25(7):1003-1008.  

[42] 孟祥坤,曹兵海,庄宏,等.慢性冷应激对西门塔尔杂交犊牛免疫相关指标的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2010,15(6):65-70.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2