动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 5: 1789 - 1797

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.021

特种经济动物营养 Special economic animal nutrition

饲粮不同粗纤维水平对生长肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质及胃肠道和免疫器官发育的影响

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  • 山东农业大学动物科技学院, 泰安 271018
张南斌(1995-),男,山东济南人,硕士研究生,研究方向为单胃动物营养和家兔生产。E-mail:1134873488@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-11-27

  网络出版日期: 2018-05-06

基金资助

山东省自然科学基金（ZR2014CM017）；山东省高等学校科技计划项目（G17KA135）；山东省双一流建设项目（SYL2017YSTD11）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-43-B-1）

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Effects of Dietary Different Crude Fiber Levels on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, Meat Quality and Gastrointestinal and Immune Organ Development of Growing Meat Rabbits

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  • College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China

Received date: 2017-11-27

  Online published: 2018-05-06

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮不同粗纤维水平对生长肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质及胃肠道和免疫器官发育的影响。试验选用150只体重相近、健康状况良好的35日龄断奶肉兔，随机分成3组，每组50个重复，每个重复1只兔。3组分别饲喂低（粗纤维水平14.32%，LF组）、中（粗纤维水平18.46%，MF组）、高（粗纤维水平22.37%，HF组）3种不同粗纤维水平的试验饲粮。预试期7 d，正试期23 d。结果表明：1）饲粮不同粗纤维水平对生长肉兔的平均日增重（P=0.001 2）、平均日采食量（P=0.021 9）和料重比（P=0.000 1）有显著或极显著影响。HF组生长肉兔的平均日增重极显著低于LF组和MF组（P<0.01），LF组生长肉兔的料重比极显著低于MF组和HF组（P<0.01）。2）饲粮不同粗纤维水平对生长肉兔的宰前活重（P=0.018 0）、半净膛重（P=0.036 6）和全净膛重（P=0.034 1）有显著影响，但对半净膛屠宰率和全净膛屠宰率无显著影响（P > 0.05）。3）饲粮不同粗纤维水平对生长肉兔肌肉的pH及亮度（L*）、红度（a*）和黄度（b*）值均无显著影响（P > 0.05）。4）饲粮不同粗纤维水平对生长肉兔的胃相对重量（P=0.011 5）、盲肠相对重量（P=0.022 0）、胃内容物相对重量（P=0.031 1）和盲肠内容物相对重量（P=0.031 1）有显著影响，且HF组均显著高于LF组（P<0.05）。5）饲粮不同粗纤维水平对生长肉兔的胸腺重（P=0.005 2）、脾脏重（P=0.006 8）和肝脏重（P=0.033 8）均有显著或极显著影响，且HF组显著或极显著低于LF组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。LF组和MF组生长肉兔的脾脏指数显著高于HF组（P<0.05）。综合本试验测定指标，断奶（35日龄）~65日龄生长肉兔饲粮适宜的粗纤维水平为14.32%~18.46%。

关键词： 粗纤维; 肉兔; 生长性能; 胃肠道; 免疫器官

本文引用格式

张南斌, 孙瑛超, 赵晓宇, 刘公言, 李福昌, 朱岩丽 . 饲粮不同粗纤维水平对生长肉兔生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质及胃肠道和免疫器官发育的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(5) : 1789 -1797 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.021

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary different crude fiber levels on growth performance, slaughter performance, meat quality and gastrointestinal and immune organ development of growing meat rabbits. One hundred and fifty healthy 35-day-old weaned meat rabbits with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 50 replicates in each group and 1 rabbit in each replicate. Rabbits in 3 groups were fed low (crude fiber level was 14.32%, LF group), middle (crude fiber level was 18.46%, MF group) and high (crude fiber level was 22.37%, HF group) crude fiber level experimental diets, respectively. The adaptation period lasted for 7 days and the formal period lasted for 23 days. The results showed as follows:1) dietary different crude fiber levels had significant effects on average daily gain (P=0.001 2), average daily feed intake (P=0.021 9) and feed to gain ratio (P=0.000 1) of growing meat rabbits. The average daily gain of growing meat rabbits in HF group was significantly lower than that in LF group and MF group (P<0.01), the feed to gain ratio of growing meat rabbits in LF group was significantly lower than that in MF group and HF group (P<0.01). 2) Dietary different crude fiber levels had significant effects on live body weight (P=0.018 0), half eviscerated weight (P=0.036 6) and all eviscerated weight (P=0.034 1) of growing meat rabbits, but had no significant effects on half eviscerated dressing percentage and all eviscerated dressing percentage (P > 0.05). 3) Dietary different crude fiber levels had no significant effects on pH and lightness (L*), redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values muscle of growing meat rabbits (P>0.05). 4) Dietary different crude fiber levels had significant effects on stomach relative weight (P=0.011 5), caecum relative weight (P=0.022 0), stomach content relative weight (P=0.031 1) and caecum content relative weight (P=0.031 1) of growing meat rabbits, and HF group were significantly higher than those in LF group (P<0.05). 5) Dietary different crude fiber levels had significant effects on thymus weight (P=0.005 2), spleen weight (P=0.006 8) and liver weight (P=0.033 8) of growing meat rabbits, and those in HF group were significantly lower than those in LF group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The spleen index of growing meat rabbits in LF group and MF group was significantly higher than that in HF group (P<0.05). Considering all indexes of this experiment, the appropriate dietary crude fiber levels is 14.32% to 18.46% for weaned (35-day-old) to 65-day-old growing meat rabbits.

Key words： crude fiber; meat rabbit; growth performance; gastrointestinal tract; immune organs

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