饲料营养 Feed science and technology

牛至油对奶牛瘤胃微生物蛋白产量、产奶性能和氮排泄的影响

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  • 1. 青岛农业大学动物科技学院, 青岛 266109;
    2. 莱阳市团旺畜牧兽医工作站, 莱阳 265217;
    3. 青岛市崂山区农业和水利局, 青岛 266061;
    4. 莱阳市畜牧兽医局, 莱阳 265200
张凯祥(1993-),男,山东莱州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:18363976021@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-12-06

  网络出版日期: 2018-05-06

基金资助

山东省现代农业产业技术体系牛产业创新团队(SDAIT-09-08)

Effects of Oregano Oil on Ruminal Microbial Protein Production, Milk Performance and Nitrogen Excretion of Dairy Cows

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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China;
    2. Workstation of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of Tuanwang for Laiyang, Laiyang 265217, China;
    3. Agriculture and Water Conservancy Bureau of Laoshan, Qingdao 266061, China;
    4. Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Laiyang, Laiyang 265200, China

Received date: 2017-12-06

  Online published: 2018-05-06

摘要

本试验旨在研究牛至油对奶牛瘤胃微生物蛋白产量、产奶性能和氮排泄的影响。试验选取40头体况良好,年龄、体重、胎次、产奶量、乳成分及泌乳期[(90±15)d]相近的荷斯坦奶牛,随机分为4组,每组10头。对照组、试验1组、试验2组和试验3组奶牛饲粮中分别添加0、10、13和16 g/(d·头)牛至油。预试期15 d,正试期60 d。结果显示:1)试验1组、试验2组、试验3组瘤胃微生物蛋白产量分别比对照组提高了9.77%(P<0.01)、16.14%(P<0.01)、6.99%(P<0.05)。2)在产奶量方面,试验1组、试验2组、试验3组分别比对照组提高了5.10%(P>0.05)、8.36%(P<0.05)、5.00%(P>0.05);在乳脂率方面,试验2组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在乳体细胞数方面,各试验组均极显著低于对照组(P<0.01),且以试验2组最低。3)在总氮排出量方面,试验1组、试验2组、试验3组分别比对照组降低了6.84%(P<0.01)、11.14%(P<0.01)、4.72%(P<0.05)。本试验结果表明,在奶牛饲粮中添加牛至油具有增加瘤胃微生物蛋白产量、提高产奶性能及降低氮排泄的作用。综合考虑上述指标,奶牛饲粮中牛至油的最适添加量为13 g/(d·头)。

本文引用格式

张凯祥, 邢德芳, 高许雷, 王晓伟, 孙国强 . 牛至油对奶牛瘤胃微生物蛋白产量、产奶性能和氮排泄的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(5) : 1902 -1910 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.034

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of oregano oil on ruminal microbial protein (MCP) production, milk performance and nitrogen excretion of dairy cows. Forty healthy Holstein lactating cows with similar age, body weight, parity, milk yield, milk composition and lactation period[(90±15) d] were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 cows per group. The addition amount of oregano oil in diets of control group and test groups 1, 2 and 3 was 0, 10, 13 and 16 g/(d·head), respectively. The pretest lasted for 15 d, and the formal test lasted for 60 d. The results showed as follows:1) ruminal MCP production in test groups 1, 2 and 3 was significantly increased by 9.77% (P<0.01), 16.14% (P<0.01) and 6.99% (P<0.05) compared with that in control group, respectively. 2) Milk yield in test groups 1, 2 and 3 was increased by 5.10% (P>0.05), 8.36% (P<0.05) and 5.00% (P>0.05) compared with that in control group, respectively; milk fat percentage in test group 2 was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05); Milk somatic cell count in test groups 1, 2 and 3 was extremely significantly reduced compared with that in control group (P<0.01), especially the test group 2 was the lowest. 3) Total nitrogen excretion in test groups 1, 2 and 3 was reduced by 6.84% (P<0.01), 11.14% (P<0.01) and 4.72% (P<0.05) compared with that in control group, respectively. It can be seen that the adding oregano oil to diets can significantly increase the ruminal MCP production, improve the milk performance, and decrease nitrogen excretion of dairy cows. Considering the above indices, the optimal addition amount of oregano oil in diets of dairy cows is 13 g/(d·head).

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