动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 5: 1996 - 2005

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.045

研究简报 Short communications

烟酸、果寡糖及柠檬酸稀土组合对肉牛瘤胃体外发酵特性及菌群结构的影响

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  • 江西农业大学, 江西省动物营养重点实验室, 营养饲料开发研究中心, 南昌 330045
梁欢(1990-),男,江西遂川人,博士研究生,研究反向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:lianghuan22@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-11-01

  网络出版日期: 2018-05-06

基金资助

公益性行业（农业）科技专项（201303143）；国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系（CARS-37）

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Effects of Nicitinic Acid, Fructooligosaccharides and Rare Earth Citrate Combinations on in Vitro Rumen Fermentation Characteristics and Bacterial Community of Beef Cattle

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  • Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China

Received date: 2017-11-01

  Online published: 2018-05-06

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摘要

本试验旨在探讨烟酸、果寡糖及柠檬酸稀土组合对肉牛瘤胃体外发酵特性及菌群结构的影响。试验选用3头安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的健康锦江黄牛公牛[体重为（375±28）kg]作为瘤胃液供体，采用3因素3水平正交试验设计，通过瘤胃体外发酵培养技术研究添加不同水平的果寡糖（0.8%、1.0%、1.2%）、烟酸（400、800、1 200 mg/kg）和柠檬酸稀土（0.6%、0.8%、1.0%）组合对肉牛瘤胃体外发酵特性的影响，并采用高通量测序技术分析其瘤胃菌群结构。试验共设9个调控剂组合，分别为0.8%果寡糖+400 mg/kg烟酸+0.6%柠檬酸稀土（A组）、0.8%果寡糖+800 mg/kg烟酸+0.8%柠檬酸稀土（B组）、0.8%果寡糖+1 200 mg/kg烟酸+1.0%柠檬酸稀土（C组）、1.0%果寡糖+400 mg/kg烟酸+0.8%柠檬酸稀土（D组）、1.0%果寡糖+800 mg/kg烟酸+1.0%柠檬酸稀土（E组）、1.0%果寡糖+1 200 mg/kg烟酸+0.6%柠檬酸稀土（F组）、1.2%果寡糖+400 mg/kg烟酸+1.0%柠檬酸稀土（G组）、1.2%果寡糖+800 mg/kg烟酸+0.6%柠檬酸稀土（H组）、1.2%果寡糖+1 200 mg/kg烟酸+0.8%柠檬酸稀土（I组），每个调控剂组合设3个培养瓶。体外培养时间为48 h。结果显示：1）G组体外培养液的pH最高，为6.77，显著高于A、B、C、D、E组（P≤0.05）；G组体外培养液中氨态氮（NH3-N）含量最低，为9.77 mg/dL，显著低于其余各组（P≤0.05）；不同调控剂组合对体外培养液中微生物蛋白（MCP）含量无显著影响（P>0.05）。2）I组体外培养液中丙酸含量最高，为28.53%，显著高于A、B、D、E组（P≤0.05），乙酸/丙酸值最低，显著低于A、B、D组（P≤0.05）；各组体外培养液中总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）浓度、乙酸和丁酸含量无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）不同调控剂组合体外培养液中优势菌群均为拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicultes）。在门水平上，A和I组之间存在4个差异显著的菌群（P≤0.05）；在属水平上，A和I组之间存在15个差异显著的菌群（P≤0.05）。综合分析可知，在肉牛玉米-豆粕-稻草型饲粮下的较优瘤胃调控剂组合为1.2%果寡糖+1 200 mg/kg烟酸+0.8%柠檬酸稀土和1.2%果寡糖+400 mg/kg烟酸+1.0%柠檬酸稀土。

关键词： 肉牛; 果寡糖; 烟酸; 柠檬酸稀土; 瘤胃; 体外发酵; 菌群

本文引用格式

梁欢, 赵向辉, 许兰娇, 文露华, 陈作栋, 赵二龙, 瞿明仁 . 烟酸、果寡糖及柠檬酸稀土组合对肉牛瘤胃体外发酵特性及菌群结构的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(5) : 1996 -2005 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.045

Abstract

In order to study the effects of nicitinic acid (NA), fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and rare earth citrate (REC) combinations on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and bacterial community of beef cattle, this experiment was designed according to three factors and three levels orthogonal experiment design. Three healthy Jinjiang cattle[body weight was (375±28) kg] with permanent ruminal cannulas were adopted for rumen support animals. The effects of adding different amounts of FOS (0.8%, 1.0% and 1.2%), NA (400, 800 and 1 200 mg/kg) and REC (0.6%, 0.8% and 1.0%) on rumen fermentation characteristics of beef cattle were studied by in vitro rumen fermentation culture technology, and rumen bacterial community was analyzed by high throughput sequencing technology. Nine regulator combinations were designed, which were 0.8% FOS+400 mg/kg NA+0.6% ERC (group A), 0.8% FOS+800 mg/kg NA+0.8% ERC (group B), 0.8% FOS+1 200 mg/kg NA+1.0% ERC (group C), 1.0% FOS+400 mg/kg NA+0.8% ERC (group D), 1.0% FOS+800 mg/kg NA+1.0% ERC (group E), 1.0% FOS+1 200 mg/kg NA+0.6% ERC (group F), 1.2% FOS+400 mg/kg NA+1.0% ERC (group G), 1.2% FOS+800 mg/kg NA+0.6% ERC (group H), 1.2% FOS+1 200 mg/kg NA+0.8% ERC (group I), respectively. Each regulator combination had 3 culture bottles. The in vitro culture time was 48 hours. The results showed as follows:1) the pH of in vitro cultivated fluid was highest in group G, it was 6.77, which was significantly higher than that in groups A, B, C, D and E (P ≤ 0.05); the ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) content of in vitro cultivated fluid was lowest in group G, it was 9.77 mg/dL, which was significantly lower than that in other groups (P ≤ 0.05); no significant difference was found in microbial protein (MCP) content of in vitro cultivated fluid among groups (P > 0.05). 2) The propionic acid content of in vitro cultivated fluid was highest in group I, it is 28.53%, which was significantly higher than that in groups A, B, D and E (P ≤ 0.05); the acetic acid/propionic acid value of in vitro cultivated fluid was lowest in group I, which was significantly lower than that in groups A, B and D (P ≤ 0.05); no significant difference was found in the total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentration, the contents of acetic acid and butyrate acid of in vitro cultivated fluid among groups (P > 0.05). 3) The dominant bacterial communities of different regulator combinations all were Bacteroidete and Firmicultes. At phylum level, there were 4 bacterial communities had significant differences between groups A and I (P ≤ 0.05); at genus level, there were 15 bacterial communities had significant differences between groups A and I (P ≤ 0.05). The results indicate that the better rumen regulator combinations for corn-soybean meal-rice straw type diets of beef cattle are 1.2% FOS+1 200 mg/kg NA+0.8% ERC and 1.2% FOS+400 mg/kg NA+1.0% REC.

Key words： beef cattle; fructooligosaccharide; nicotinic acid; rare earth citrate; rumen; in vitro fermentation; bacterial community

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