3种蛋白酶对苏淮断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响

侯玉煌, 丁宏标, 李强

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.047

动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 5: 2014 - 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.047

研究简报 Short communications

3种蛋白酶对苏淮断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响

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1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 北京 100081;
2. 生物饲料开发国家工程研究中心, 北京 100081;
3. 新淮猪资源开发中心, 淮安 223000

侯玉煌(1992-),男,安徽滁州人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:906688830@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-10-10

网络出版日期: 2018-05-06

基金资助

中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项（Y2016CG32）

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Effects of 3 Proteases on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indices of Suhuai Weaned Piglets

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1. Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
2. National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Beijing 100081, China;
3. New Suhuai Pig Resource Development Center, Huaian 223000, China

Received date: 2017-10-10

Online published: 2018-05-06

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摘要

本试验旨在研究3种蛋白酶对苏淮断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响。试验采用单因素随机区组设计，选取健康、平均体重为（9.24±0.84）kg的苏淮断奶仔猪120头，按体重、性别基本一致的原则随机分为4组，每组6个重复，每个重复5头猪。对照组断奶仔猪饲喂不添加任何蛋白酶的基础饲粮，试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.2 g/kg酸性蛋白酶（Ⅰ组）、0.2 g/kg中性蛋白酶（Ⅱ组）和0.1 g/kg碱性蛋白酶（Ⅲ组）的饲粮。试验预试期5 d，正试期45 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，Ⅰ组的末重、平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量显著提高（P<0.05），料重比（F/G）降低，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。Ⅲ组的ADG显著高于对照组（P<0.05），F/G较对照组显著降低（P<0.05）。2）试验第31~45天，试验组的腹泻率和粪便指数显著低于对照组（P<0.05），试验组间差异不显著（P>0.05），Ⅲ组的腹泻率和粪便指数最低。3）与对照组相比，试验组的干物质（DM）表观消化率和有机物（OM）表观消化率均显著提高（P<0.05）。Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组的DM表观消化率和OM表观消化率显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。Ⅰ组的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于对照组、Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，Ⅰ组血清中尿素氮含量显著降低（P<0.05），试验组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。由此可知，酸性蛋白酶在提高苏淮断奶仔猪生长性能和营养物质表观消化率方面的效果较好，而中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶在减少营养性腹泻方面的效果较好。

关键词： 蛋白酶; 断奶仔猪; 生长性能; 营养物质表观消化率; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

侯玉煌, 丁宏标, 李强 . 3种蛋白酶对苏淮断奶仔猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(5) : 2014 -2020 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.05.047

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to explore the effects of 3 proteases on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indices of Suhuai weaned piglets. Single factor randomized block design was used in this experiment, and a total of 120 healthy Suhuai weaned piglets with an average body weight of (9.24±0.84) kg were allocated into 4 groups with 6 replications each and 5 pigs in each replication according to similar weight and gender. Pigs in the control (CT) group were fed a basal diet, and in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.2 g/kg acid protease (group Ⅰ), 0.2 g/kg neutral protease (group Ⅱ) and 0.1 g/kg alkaline protease (group Ⅲ), respectively. The trial lasted for 45 d after 5 d adaptation. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the CT group, the final weight, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) was decreased (P>0.05) in group Ⅰ. Compared with the CT group, the ADG was significantly increased (P<0.05) while the F/G was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in group Ⅲ. 2) On day 31 to 45 of the experiment, compared with the CT group, the diarrhea rate and the fecal index in proteases treated groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), but there were no significant differences among experimental groups (P>0.05). The diarrhea rate and the fecal index in group Ⅲ were the lowest. 3) The dry matter (DM) apparent digestibility and organic matter (OM) apparent digestibility in the proteases treated groups were significantly higher than those in the CT group (P<0.05). The DM apparent digestibility and OM apparent digestibility in group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in group Ⅱ (P<0.05). The crude protein apparent digestibility in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in the CT group, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the CT group, the serum urea nitrogen content in group Ⅰ was significantly decreased (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences among experimental groups (P>0.05). The results indicate that acid protease has a better effect in improving the growth performance and nutrient apparent digestibility of Suhuai weaned piglets, while neutral protease and alkaline protease are better in reducing nutritional diarrhea.

Key words： protease; weaned piglets; growth performance; nutrient apparent digestibility; serum biochemical indices

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