过量蛋氨酸对7~28日龄北京鸭生长性能和血液指标的影响

薛佳佳, 谢明, 唐静, 黄苇, 张琪, 侯水生, 卢连水

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.014

动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 8: 2979 - 2986

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.014

禽营养 Poultry nutrition

过量蛋氨酸对7~28日龄北京鸭生长性能和血液指标的影响

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1. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193;
2. 重庆市畜牧科学院, 重庆 402460;
3. 河北省肃宁县农业局, 沧州 062350

薛佳佳(1991-),女,河南新乡人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:xuejiajia25@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-01-15

网络出版日期: 2018-08-18

基金资助

现代水禽产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-42）

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Effects of Excess Methionine on Growth Performance and Blood Parameters of Peking Ducks during 7 to 28 Days of Age

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1. Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
2. Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing 402460, China;
3. County Agriculture Bureau of Suning in Hebei, Cangzhou 062350, China

Received date: 2018-01-15

Online published: 2018-08-18

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摘要

本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加过量蛋氨酸对7~28日龄北京鸭生长性能和血液指标的影响，并评估7~28日龄北京鸭饲粮中蛋氨酸的最大安全限量。试验选取7日龄健康雄性北京鸭252只，依据体重基本一致原则，随机分为6个组，每组7个重复，每个重复6只鸭。各组分别饲喂蛋氨酸水平为0.48%、0.73%、0.98%、1.23%、1.48%和1.73%的饲粮。其中，正常饲粮蛋氨酸水平为0.48%，满足育雏期北京鸭正常生长需要。试验期21 d。结果表明：1）与饲粮蛋氨酸水平为0.48%时相比，当饲粮蛋氨酸水平为0.98%及以上时，试验鸭末重、平均日采食量和平均日增重均显著降低（P<0.05），且随蛋氨酸水平的升高进一步显著降低（P<0.05）。各组间料重比无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）与饲粮蛋氨酸水平为0.48%时相比，当饲粮蛋氨酸水平为0.98%及以上时，血浆总胆红素含量显著升高（P<0.05）；当饲粮蛋氨酸水平为1.23%及以上时，血浆高半胱氨酸含量显著升高（P<0.05），且随蛋氨酸水平的升高而进一步显著升高（P<0.05）；当饲粮蛋氨酸水平为1.73%时，血浆谷丙转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性显著升高（P<0.05）。3）与饲粮蛋氨酸水平为0.48%时相比，当饲粮蛋氨酸水平为0.98%及以上时，血液血红蛋白含量和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度均显著降低（P<0.05）；当饲粮蛋氨酸水平为1.23%及以上时，血液平均红细胞血红蛋白含量显著降低（P<0.05）；当饲粮蛋氨酸水平为1.48%及以上时，血液红细胞体积分布宽度和平均红细胞体积显著升高（P<0.05），血液红细胞计数显著降低（P<0.05）。4）以平均日增重为评价指标，采用折线模型估测7~28日龄北京鸭饲粮蛋氨酸的最大安全限量为0.87%。由此可见，饲粮中添加过量蛋氨酸可显著抑制7~28日龄北京鸭的生长，导致血液指标异常。7~28日龄北京鸭饲粮蛋氨酸的最大安全限量为0.87%。

关键词： 蛋氨酸; 鸭; 生长性能; 安全限量; 血液指标

本文引用格式

薛佳佳, 谢明, 唐静, 黄苇, 张琪, 侯水生, 卢连水 . 过量蛋氨酸对7~28日龄北京鸭生长性能和血液指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(8) : 2979 -2986 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.014

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of excess methionine on growth performance and blood parameters of Peking ducks during 7 to 28 days of age, and to determine the maximum safe level of methionine of Peking ducks during 7 to 28 days of age. A total of 252 seven-day-old healthy male Peking ducks were randomly allotted to 6 groups with 7 replicates per group and 6 ducks per replicate according to similar pen weight. The ducks in 6 groups were fed diets with methionine levels of 0.48%, 0.73%, 0.98%, 1.23%, 1.48% and 1.73%, respectively. The diet with methionine level of 0.48% was a methionine-adequate diet for ducks. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared to the dietary methionine level of 0.48%, when dietary methionine level was 0.98% or above, the final body weight (FBW), average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of ducks were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the FBW, ADG and ADFI were significantly decreased with methionine level increased (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference on the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) among six groups (P>0.05). 2) Compared to the dietary methionine level of 0.48%, when dietary methionine level was 0.98% or above, the plasma total bilirubin content was significantly increased (P<0.05); when dietary methionine level was 1.23% or above, the plasma homocysteine content was significantly increased (P<0.05), and it was significantly increased with methionine level increased (P<0.05); when dietary methionine level was 1.73%, the activities of glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase in plasma were significantly increased (P<0.05). 3) Compared to the dietary methionine level of 0.48%, when dietary methionine level was 0.98% or above, the blood hemoglobin content and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were significantly decreased (P<0.05); when dietary methionine level was 1.23% or above, the blood mean corpuscular hemoglobin content was significantly decreased (P<0.05); when dietary methionine level was 1.48% or above, the blood red cells volume distribution width and mean corpuscular volume were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the blood red cell count was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 4) According to broken-line regression analysis, the maximum safe level of methionine for ADG in Peking ducks during 7 to 28 days of age was 0.87%. In conclusion, dietary excess methionine can inhibit the growth of Peking ducks during 7 to 28 days of age and cause in abnormal of blood parameters. The maximum safe level of methionine of Peking ducks during 7 to 28 days of age is 0.87%.

Key words： methionine; ducks; growth performance; maximum safe level; blood parameters

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