动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 8: 3199 - 3207

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.039

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

茶多酚对奥尼罗非鱼生长、消化功能、免疫性能和抗病力的影响

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  • 1. 上海海洋大学水产科学国家级教学示范中心, 上海 201306;
    2. 上海海洋大学农业部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心, 上海 201306;
    3. 水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心, 上海 201306
梁高杨(1989-),男,河南驻马店人,硕士研究生,从事水生动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:lianggaoyang1234@126.com

收稿日期: 2018-02-06

  网络出版日期: 2018-08-18

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（31772858）

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Effects of Tea Polyphenol on Growth, Digestion Function, Immune Performance and Disease Resistance Capability of Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus)

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  • 1. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    2. Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    3. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Received date: 2018-02-06

  Online published: 2018-08-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究茶多酚对奥尼罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus）生长、消化功能、免疫性能和抗病力的影响。在基础饲料中分别添加0（对照组）、100、200、400、600、800 mg/kg茶多酚，配制6种试验饲料，饲喂初始体重为（6.09±0.07）g的奥尼罗非鱼9周，每组3个重复，每个重复25尾鱼。结果表明：与对照组相比，各茶多酚添加组的增重率和饲料系数均无显著变化（P>0.05），但100、200 mg/kg茶多酚组增重率有提高的趋势，而400~800 mg/kg茶多酚组增重率有降低的趋势，其中以200 mg/kg茶多酚组增重率最高。饲料添加茶多酚对罗非鱼全鱼水分、粗蛋白质、粗灰分含量和粗蛋白质表观消化率无显著影响（P>0.05），但与对照组相比，高添加量（600、800 mg/kg）的茶多酚显著降低了干物质表观消化率，肠道淀粉酶、蛋白酶活性和全鱼粗脂肪含量（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，饲料中添加200、400、600和800 mg/kg茶多酚均显著增加了血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和溶菌酶（LZM）活性（P<0.05），而血清丙二醛（MDA）含量则随茶多酚添加量的增加表现出先降低后增加的趋势，其中200 mg/kg茶多酚组的血清SOD活性最高、血清MDA含量最低，400 mg/kg茶多酚组的血清LZM活性最高。嗜水气单胞菌攻毒后48和96 h，200、400、600和800 mg/kg茶多酚组的累积死亡率均较对照组显著降低（P<0.05），其中400 mg/kg茶多酚组的累积死亡率最低。综上，茶多酚可提高奥尼罗非鱼的免疫性能，降低嗜水气单胞菌攻毒后的死亡率，但对生长性能没有显著影响。奥尼罗非鱼饲料中茶多酚的建议添加量为200~400 mg/kg。

关键词： 茶多酚; 奥尼罗非鱼; 生长; 消化率; 免疫性能; 抗病力

本文引用格式

梁高杨, 李小勤, 杨航, POOLSAWAT Lumpan, 高擘为, 冷向军 . 茶多酚对奥尼罗非鱼生长、消化功能、免疫性能和抗病力的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(8) : 3199 -3207 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.039

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of tea polyphenol (TP) on the growth, digestion function, immune performance and disease resistance capability of hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus). Six experimental diets were designed which were added 0 (control group), 100, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg TP into a basal diet, and each diet fed to one group of hybrid tilapia with an initial body weight of (6.09±0.07) g for 9 weeks. Each group had three replicates and each replicate cultured 25 fish. The results showed that the weight gain rate and feed conversion ratio in supplementing TP groups had no significant changes compared with control group (P>0.05), but the weight gain rate in 100 and 200 mg/kg TP groups showed an increase trend, it in 400 to 800 mg/kg TP groups showed a decrease trend, and 200 mg/kg TP group had the maximal weight gain rate. Whole body moisture, crude protein and ash contents, and crude protein digestibility showed no significant differences among groups (P>0.05), but the high supplemental levels (600 to 800 mg/kg) of TP significantly decreased the whole body ether extract content, the activities of amylase and protease of intestine as well as dry matter digestibility compared with control group (P<0.05). Compared with control group, diet supplemented with 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg TP significantly promoted the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lysozyme (LZM) in serum (P<0.05), and the serum malonaldehyde (MDA) content was increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of TP supplemental level. The maximum serum SOD activity and the minimum serum MDA content were observed in 200 mg/kg TP group, and the maximum serum LZM activity was observed in 400 mg/kg TP group. After challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila for 48 and 96 h, the cumulative mortality was significantly decreased by the supplementation of 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg TP (P<0.05), and 400 mg/kg TP group had the lowest cumulative mortality among groups. In a conclusion, TP can promote the immune performance and reduce the mortality against Aeromonas hydrophila, but has no significant effects on growth of hybrid tilapia. The optimal TP supplemental level in diets of hybrid tilapia is suggested to be 200 to 400 mg/kg.

Key words： tea polyphenol; hybrid tilapia; growth; digestibility; immune performance; disease resistance capability

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