本试验旨在考察黄曲霉毒素B₁（AFB1）对断奶仔猪生长性能、肝脏组织和肠道健康的影响。试验选用32头胎次相近、21日龄的"杜长大"断奶仔猪，根据体重相近原则随机分为2组（每组16个重复，每个重复1头猪），分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）和含有0.3 mg/kg AFB1的饲粮（AFB1组）。试验期间自由采食和饮水，常规饲养管理，试验预试期3 d，正试期21 d。试验结束时所有猪进行空腹称重后每组选取与平均体重相近的6头猪采集样品，考察生长性能、肝脏健康、肠道黏膜形态和肠道微生物数量等指标。结果表明：与对照组相比，饲粮含AFB1显著降低断奶仔猪平均日增重（P<0.05），显著提高料重比（P<0.05），且有降低平均日采食量的趋势（P=0.09）；饲粮含AFB1显著增加断奶仔猪肝脏指数（P<0.05），并导致肝小叶结构不清晰，肝细胞中度水肿变性，部分出现中、重局灶状坏死，肝纤维组织增生明显；饲粮含AFB1对肝脏脂肪代谢相关基因乙酰辅酶A羧化酶-1、脂肪酸合成酶、肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶-1、脂蛋白脂肪酶和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α的mRNA表达量无显著影响（P>0.05）；饲粮含AFB1显著增加十二指肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度以及降低空肠隐窝深度（P<0.05）；饲粮含AFB1显著降低盲肠双歧杆菌数量（P<0.05），但对总菌、大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌和芽孢杆菌的数量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。由此可见，饲喂含0.3 mg/kg AFB1的饲粮会导致断奶仔猪生长性能下降，肝脏组织和肠道健康轻微受损。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB1) on growth performance, liver tissue and intestine health of weaned piglets. Thirty-two 21-day old Duroc×Large White×Landrace weaned piglets with similar parity and body weight were randomly divided into two groups with 16 replicates per group and 1 pig per replicate. Pigs in the two groups were fed the basic diet with or without 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 respectively for 21 days after 3 days adaption with free feeding and drinking. At the end of the experiment, all piglets were weighed on fasting condition and 6 pigs in each group with similar average body weight were selected to collect the samples for measuring the growth performance, liver healthy, intestinal mucosa morphology and intestinal microflora amounts. The results showed as follows:compared to control group, diet with AFB1 significantly decreased the average daily gain (P<0.05), while significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain (P<0.05) and tended to decrease the average daily feed intake (P=0.09) of weaned piglets. Diet with AFB1 significantly increased the liver index (P<0.05) and induced unsharp structure of liver lobule, moderate hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes and partly medium and heavy focal necrosis, meanwhile obvious hyperplasia of hepatic fibrosis of weaned piglets. Diet with AFB1 had no significant effect on the mRNA expression of lipometabolism-related genes including acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase-1, fatty acid synthase, carnitine palmityltransferase-1, lipoprotein lipase and peroxisome proliferators activate receptor-α in the liver (P>0.05). Diet with AFB1 significantly increased the villus height and crypt depth of duodenum and decreased the crypt depth of jejunum (P<0.05). Diet wtih AFB1 significantly reduced the Bifidobacterium amount in cecum (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on the amounts of total bacteria, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus and Bacillus (P>0.05). In conclusion, it is suggested that diet with 0.3 mg/kg AFB1 can decrease the growth performance and cause slight impairment of liver histology and intestine health of weaned piglets, and the underlying mechanism remains to be further studied.