动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 8: 3319 - 3328

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.052

研究简报 Short communications

饲料中添加甜菜碱对管角螺摄食、生长性能、组织营养成分和消化酶活性的影响

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  • 宁波大学海洋学院, 宁波 315211
周爽男(1993-),男,浙江宁波人,硕士研究生,从事水产养殖研究。E-mail:575152485@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-01-19

  网络出版日期: 2018-08-18

基金资助

国家科技部星火计划（2015GA701040）；浙江省大学生科技成果推广项目（013450932）

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Effects of Dietary Betaine on Feeding, Growth Performance, Tissue Nutritional Components and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Hemifusus tuba Gmelin

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  • School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Received date: 2018-01-19

  Online published: 2018-08-18

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加甜菜碱对管角螺摄食、生长性能、组织营养成分和消化酶活性的影响。选取初始体重为（22.54±0.25）g的管角螺630只，随机分成7组，每组3个重复，每个重复30只。7个试验组分别饲喂甜菜碱添加水平为0（对照）、0.2%、0.4%、0.6%、0.8%、1.0%、1.2%的等氮等脂的试验饲料，试验期60 d。结果显示：甜菜碱添加水平为0.2%~0.8%时，管角螺的摄食率、增重率、特定生长率和饲料效率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。当甜菜碱添加水平为0.6%时，管角螺的摄食率、增重率和饲料效率达到最大值，而特定生长率在添加水平为0.4%时达最大值。成活率各组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。甜菜碱添加水平对管角螺肌肉、肝胰腺中水分和粗灰分含量未产生显著影响（P>0.05）。0.4%~1.2%组肌肉中粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05），粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。0.2%~1.2%组肝胰腺中粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05），粗脂肪含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。随着甜菜碱添加水平的增加，管角螺肝胰腺中脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶的活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势，当甜菜碱添加水平为0.6%时，肝胰腺中脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性均达到最大值，且均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。综合以上结果得出，饲料中添加适宜水平的甜菜碱能够促进管角螺摄食，提高肌肉和肝胰腺中粗蛋白质含量，降低肌肉和肝胰腺中粗脂肪含量，提高肝胰腺中脂肪酶、胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶的活性，从而有利于管角螺的健康生长。以增重率为评价指标，经二次回归分析可知，管角螺饲料中甜菜碱的适宜添加水平为0.55%。

关键词： 管角螺; 甜菜碱; 摄食; 生长; 组织营养成分; 消化酶

本文引用格式

周爽男, 江茂旺, 蒋霞敏, 杜学星, 彭瑞冰, 韩庆喜 . 饲料中添加甜菜碱对管角螺摄食、生长性能、组织营养成分和消化酶活性的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(8) : 3319 -3328 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.08.052

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary betaine supplemental level on feeding, growth performance, tissue nutritional components and digestive enzyme activities of Hemifusus tuba Gmelin. A total of 630 snails with an average body weight of (22.54±0.25) g were randomly divided into 7 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 30 snails in each replicate. The snails in the 7 groups were fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with different betaine supplemental levels of 0, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% and 1.2% for 60 days. The results showed that the dietary betaine supplemental level significantly affected feeding and growth of Hemifusus tuba Gmelin (P<0.05). The feeding rate, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and feed efficiency were significantly higher than control group when dietary betaine supplemental level was between 0.2% to 0.8% (P<0.05). When dietary betaine supplemental level was 0.6%, The feeding rate, weight gain rate and feed efficiency all had the maximum value, and the specific growth rate had the maximum value when dietary betaine supplemental level was 0.4%. The survival rate was not significantly influenced by dietary betaine (P>0.05). The dietary betaine supplemental level had no significant effect on the contents of moisture or ash in muscle and hepatopancreas of Hemifusus tuba Gmelin (P>0.05), but there was significant effect on the contents of crude protein or crude lipid (P<0.05). The content of crude protein of muscle was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05), and the content of crude lipid was significantly lower than that of control group when dietary betaine supplemental level was between 0.4% to 1.2% (P<0.05). Moreover, the content of crude protein of hepatopancreas was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), and the content of crude lipid was significantly lower than control group when dietary betaine supplemental level was between 0.2% to 1.2% (P<0.05). With the dietary betaine supplemental level increasing, lipase, protease and amylase activities in hepatopancreas of Hemifusus tuba Gmelin were all firstly increased and then decreased. Lipase, protease and amylase activities were all had the maximum value at 0.6% group, and significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05). Therefore, dietary proper betaine supplemental level can promote significantly feeding, growth performance, improve protein content and decrease lipid content in muscle and hepatopancreas of Hemifusus tuba Gmelin. The regression model analysis shows that the optimal dietary betaine supplemental level which can make snails acquire the best weight gain rate is 0.55%.

Key words： Hemifusus tuba Gmelin; betaine; feeding; growth performance; tissue nutritional components; digestive enzyme

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