动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 9: 3337 - 3352

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.09.002

磷营养与饲料专栏 Special section:phosphorus nutrition and feed

饲用高水溶性磷酸一二钙对断奶仔猪生长性能、饲粮消化率、血清和骨骼指标的影响

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  • 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室, 北京 100081
吕小康(1994-),男,山西长治人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学。E-mail:13121991399@163.com

收稿日期: 2017-12-01

  网络出版日期: 2018-09-20

基金资助

云天化国际植物营养研究院开放项目（YTHZWYJY2016004）

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Effects of High Water-Soluble Mono-Calcium and Di-Calcium Phosphate on Growth Performance, Dietary Digestibility, Serum and Bone Indices of Weaned Piglets

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  • Feed Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2017-12-01

  Online published: 2018-09-20

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摘要

本研究以磷酸氢钙（DCP）为参照物，以断奶仔猪生长性能、饲粮消化率、血清和骨骼指标为对象，评价饲用高水溶性磷酸一二钙（MDCP）的相对生物学利用率。试验采用2×5因子随机试验设计，选择432头4~5周龄、体重相近的杜×长×大杂交断奶仔猪为试验动物，随机分为9组，每组6个重复，每个重复8头猪。每种磷酸盐设5个磷添加水平，分别为0、0.05%、0.10%、0.15%、0.20%，共9个处理（0添加组共用）。试验预试期3 d，正试期35 d。结果表明：1）仔猪平均日采食量、平均日增重及死亡率等指标在磷源和磷添加水平之间均不存在显著交互作用（P>0.05）。试验第15~35天，MDCP组仔猪平均日采食量显著高于DCP组（P<0.05）；试验第15~35天和第1~35天，随着饲粮磷水平的提高，仔猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量均显著增加（P<0.05），但饲料转化率无显著变化（P>0.05）。2）不同磷酸盐和磷添加水平之间对仔猪饲粮干物质、钙和磷的表观消化率均无显著交互作用（P>0.05）。MDCP组饲粮钙和磷的表观消化率均显著高于DCP组（P<0.05）；0.10%、0.15%和0.20%无机磷添加组钙的表观消化率显著高于0添加组（P<0.05）。以磷酸盐中磷的表观消化率、真消化率为指标建立回归方程，根据斜率比计算出MDCP相对于DCP的生物学利用率均为120%。3）试验第14天和第35天时，不同磷源和磷添加水平对仔猪血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性均无显著影响（P>0.05），也无显著交互作用（P>0.05）。试验第14天时，血清磷、钙和甲状旁腺素（PTH）含量在不同磷源和磷添加水平之间存在显著交互作用（P<0.05），但试验第35天时不存在显著交互作用（P<0.05）。试验第14天时，MDCP组血清钙含量显著高于DCP组（P<0.05），MDCP组血清降钙素（CT）含量显著低于DCP组（P<0.05）。试验第14天和第35天时血清CT含量在不同磷酸盐和不同磷添加水平之间无显著交互作用（P>0.05）。血清钙、磷和PTH含量与磷添加水平之间存在显著的线性回归关系（P<0.05）。以血清钙、磷和PTH含量为指标建立回归方程，根据回归方程斜率比计算出MDCP相对于DCP的生物学利用率分别为96%、102%和115%，平均值为104%。4）不同磷酸盐和不同无机磷添加水平对仔猪股骨、胫骨和掌骨的骨骼断裂强度均无显著影响（P>0.05），也无显著交互作用（P>0.05）。股骨灰分与磷添加水平之间存在显著的线性回归关系（P<0.05）。以股骨灰分含量为指标，根据回归方程斜率比计算出MDCP相对于DCP的生物学利用率为255%。综上所述，以试剂级DCP的生物学利用率为100%，以磷酸盐中磷的表观消化率和真消化率为指标，MDCP的相对生物学利用率均为120%；设定血清指标和股骨灰分含量为指标，MDCP的相对生物学利用率分别为104%和255%。

关键词： 断奶仔猪; 磷酸一二钙; 磷酸氢钙; 生长性能; 消化率; 血清指标; 骨骼指标; 相对生物学利用率

本文引用格式

吕小康, 柴建民, 王杰, 司丙文, 崔凯, 王世琴, 屠焰, 刁其玉, 张乃锋 . 饲用高水溶性磷酸一二钙对断奶仔猪生长性能、饲粮消化率、血清和骨骼指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(9) : 3337 -3352 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.09.002

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the relative biological value (RBV) of mono-calcium and di-calcium phosphate (MDCP) by using dibasic calcium phosphate (DCP) as the reference and taking the growth performance, dietary digestibility, serum and bone indices of weaned piglets as indicators. With a 2×5 factorial arrangement experimental design, four hundred and thirty-two Duroc×Large White×Yorkshire weaned piglets with similar body weight and 4 to 5 weeks of age were randomly allocated into 9 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 8 piglets in each replicate. The phosphates were added into a basal diet at 5 phosphorus supplemental levels as 0, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% (0 supplemental group was shared), respectively, and there were 9 treatments in all. The adaptation period lasted for 3 days and the experimental period lasted for 35 days. The results showed as follows:1) no significant interaction was found between phosphorus source and phosphorus supplemental level on the average daily feed intake, average daily gain and mortality of piglets (P>0.05). The average daily feed intake of piglets in MDCP group was significantly higher than that in DCP group during 15 to 35 days of experiment (P<0.05). With the increasing of dietary phosphorus levels, the average daily gain and average daily feed intake were significantly increased (P<0.05), but the feed conversion rate was not significantly changed (P>0.05). 2) There was no significant interaction between phosphates source and phosphorus supplemental level on the apparent digestibility of dry matter, calcium and phosphorus in piglets (P>0.05). The apparent digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in MDCP group was significantly higher than that in DCP group (P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of calcium in 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% phosphorus supplemental groups was significantly higher than that in 0 supplemental group (P<0.05). The RBVs of MDCP calculated by the slope ratio were both 120% regarding the apparent digestibility and true digestibility of phosphorus as indicators and DCP as the reference. 3) At the 14th and 35th day of experiment, the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of piglets were not significantly affected by different phosphorus sources and supplemental levels (P>0.05), and there was no significant interaction either (P>0.05). At the 14th day of experiment, serum contents phosphorus, calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were significantly interacted between different phosphorus source and phosphorus supplemental level (P<0.05), but there was no significant interaction at the 35th day of experiment (P<0.05). At the 14th day of experiment, the serum calcium content in MDCP group was significantly higher than that in DCP group (P<0.05), and the serum calcitonin (CT) content in MDCP group was significantly lower than that in DCP group (P<0.05). At the 14th and 35th day of experiment, the serum CT content showed no significant interaction between different phosphates and different phosphorus supplemental level (P>0.05). There was a significant linear regression relationship between the serum contents of calcium, phosphorus, PTH and phosphorus supplemental level (P<0.05). With regression equations established by using serum contents of calcium, phosphorus and PTH as indicators, the RBVs of MDCP calculated by the slope ratio of regression equation were 96%, 102% and 115% (mean was 104%), respectively. 4) There was no significant difference in the bone fracture strength of femur, tibia and metacarpal of different phosphates and different phosphorus supplemental level (P>0.05) and no significant interaction either (P>0.05). There was a significant linear regression between femur ash content and phosphorus supplemental level (P<0.05). Based on the femur ash content, the RBV of MDCP calculated by the slope ratio of regression equation was 255%. In summary, taking the RBV of reagent grade DCP as 100%, based on apparent digestibility and true digestibility of phosphorus, the RBVs of MDCP are both 120%; and based on the serum indices and femur ash content, the RBVs of MDCP are 104% and 255%, respectively.

Key words： weaned piglet; mono-calcium and di-calcium phosphate; dibasic calcium phosphate; growth performance; digestibility; serum indices; bone indices; relative biological value

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