水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

饲料花生四烯酸水平对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力、血清生化指标以及肝脏和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响

展开
  • 1. 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院, 山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室, 烟台 264006;
    2. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201306
王成强(1988-),男,山东潍坊人,研究实习员,硕士,研究方向为水产动物营养。E-mail:chengqiangwang@126.com

收稿日期: 2018-03-07

  网络出版日期: 2018-09-20

基金资助

山东省重点研发计划(2016GSF115005);山东省科学自然基金(ZR2015CQ023);烟台市科技发展计划(2016ZH068);国家海洋公益性行业科研专项(201505022)

Effects of Dietary Arachidonic Acid Level on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Ability, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Fatty Acid Composition in Liver and Muscle of Juvenile Hybrid Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×Epinephelus lanceolatus♂)

Expand
  • 1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China;
    2. College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China

Received date: 2018-03-07

  Online published: 2018-09-20

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料花生四烯酸(ARA)水平对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力、血清生化指标以及肝脏和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响。通过在基础饲料中添加ARA纯化油,制成ARA水平分别为0.04%、0.17%、0.35%、0.66%、1.29%和2.16%(干物质基础)的等氮等脂的试验饲料(分别命名为S1、S2、S3、S4、S5和S6)。将上述饲料投喂初始体重为(23.77±0.98)g的珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼,每种饲料设3个重复,每个重复投喂30尾鱼,试验期为8周。结果表明:1)特定生长率(SGR)和饲料效率(FE)随饲料ARA水平的升高均呈先升高后降低的趋势,且SGR和FE均在S4组有最大值,均显著高于S1组(P<0.05)。全鱼和肝脏粗脂肪含量均在S3组最低,显著低于S5和S6组(P<0.05)。2)S4组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)与S3组差异不显著(P>0.05),但显著高于S1与S6组(P<0.05)。S3与S4组肝脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于S1和S6组(P<0.05)。3)血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性均在S4组最低,且显著低于S1与S6组(P<0.05)。4)肝脏和肌肉中C20:3n-6和C20:4n-6含量随饲料ARA水平的提高而显著升高(P<0.05),而C18:3n-6、C20:5n-3和C22:6n-3含量则随之有不同程度的下降。由此得出,饲料中适宜水平(0.35%~0.66%)的ARA能够促进珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼的生长,提高抗氧化能力与肝脏健康水平,以SGR与FE作为评价指标,经折线模型回归分析得出珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼饲料中ARA的适宜水平分别为饲料干重的0.45%和0.56%。

本文引用格式

王成强, 王际英, 黄炳山, 李宝山, 孙永智, 王晓艳, 马长兴 . 饲料花生四烯酸水平对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化能力、血清生化指标以及肝脏和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(9) : 3567 -3580 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.09.027

Abstract

An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) level on growth performance, antioxidant ability, serum biochemical parameters and fatty acid compo sition in liver and muscle of juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀×Epinephelus lanceolatus♂). Six isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated with the ARA level of 0.04%, 0.17%, 0.35%, 0.66%, 1.29% and 2.16% (dry matter basis) (named S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6, separately), respectively. Each diet had 3 replicates and each replicate cultured 30 juvenile hybrid grouper with an initial body weight of (23.77±0.98) g. The results showed as follows:1) the specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE) increased at first, and then decreased with the increase of dietary ARA level, which reaching their peaks at S4 group (P<0.05), and significantly higher than S1 group (P<0.05). The body and liver ether extract content of S3 group was the lowest, and significantly lower than that of S5 and S6 groups (P<0.05). 2) The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in liver of S4 group were no significant differences with S3 group (P>0.05), but significantly higher than those of S1 and S6 groups (P<0.05). The malondialdehyde (MDA) content in liver of S3 and S4 groups was significantly lower than that of S1 and S6 groups (P<0.05). 3) The lowest values of the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cereal third transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in serum were found in S4 group, and significantly lower than those of S1 and S6 groups (P<0.05). 4) The contents of C20:3n-6 and C20:4n-6 in liver and muscle were significantly increased with the increase of dietary ARA level, but the contents of C18:3n-6, C20:5n-3 and C22:6n-3 were decreased with different extents. These results indicate that optimal dietary ARA level (0.35% to 0.66%) can improve the growth of juvenile hybrid grouper, and increase the antioxidant ability and liver health level. The broken-line model analysis based on SGR and FE indicate that the optimal level of dietary ARA is 0.45% and 0.56% of diet on dry matter basis for juvenile hybrid grouper, respectively.

参考文献

[1] HIGGS D A,DONG F M.Lipids and Fatty Acids[C]//STICKNEY R R.The encyclopedia of aquaculture.New York:JohnWiley and Sons,2000:476-496.

[2] KIRON V,THAWONSUWAN J,PANIGRAHI A,et al.Antioxidant and immune defences of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) offered plant oils differing in fatty acid profiles from early stages[J].Aquaculture Nutrition,2011,17(2):130-140.  

[3] GILL R,T SUNG A,BILLIAR T.Linking oxidative stress to inflammation:Toll-like receptors[J].Free Radical Biology and Medicine,2010,48(9):1121-1132.  

[4] SKALLI A,ROBIN J H.Requirement of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids for European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles:growth and fatty acid composition[J].Aquaculture,2004,240(1/2/3/4):399-415.

[5] ZUO R T,AI Q H,MAI K S,et al.Effects of dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth,nonspecific immunity,expression of some immune related genes and disease resistance of large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea) following natural infestation of parasites (Cryptocaryon irritans)[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunol,2012,32:249-258.

[6] XU H G,AI Q H,MAI K S,et al.Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on growth performance,survival,immune response and tissue fatty acid composition of juvenile Japanese seabass,Lateolabrax japonicus[J].Aquaculture,2010,307(1/2):75-82.

[7] TANG D G,CHEN Y Q,HONN K V.Arachidonate lipoxygenases as essential regulators of cell survival and apoptosis[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1996,93:5241-5252.

[8] TIAN J J,JI H,OKU H,et al.Effects of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) on lipid metabolism and health status of juvenile grass carp,Ctenopharyngodon idellus[J].Aquaculture,2014,430:57-65.

[9] 王成强,梁萌青,徐后国,等.大规格鲈鱼(Lateolabrax japonicas)对饲料中花生四烯酸的需求量[J].渔业科学进展,2016,37(5):46-55.

[10] KHOZIN-GOLDBERG I,COHEN Z,Pimenta-Leibowitz M,et al.Feeding with arachidonic acid-rich triacylglycerols from the microalga Parietochloris incisa improved recovery of guppies from infection with Tetrahymena sp[J].Aquaculture,2006,255(1/2/3/4):142-150.

[11] ATALAH E,HERNÁNDEZ-CRUZ C M,GANUZA E,et al.Importance of dietary arachidonic acid for the growth,survival and stress resistance of larval European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed high dietary docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids[J].Aquacuture Research,2011,42(9):1261-1268.

[12] 张圆琴,徐后国,曹林,等.饲料中花生四烯酸对发育前期大菱鲆亲鱼性类固醇激素合成的影响[J].水产学报2017,41(4):588-601.

[13] XU H G,CAO L,ZHANG Y Q,et al.Dietary arachidonic acid differentially regulates the gonadal steroidogenesis in the marine teleost,tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis),depending on fish gender and maturation stage[J].Aquaculture,2017,468:378-385.

[14] MATINS D A,ROCHA F,CASTANHEIRA F,et al.Effects of dietary arachidonic acid on cortisol production and gene expression in stress response in Senegalese solo (Solea senegalensis) post-larvae[J].Fish physiology and biochemistry,2013,39(5):1223-1238.  

[15] MARTINS D A,ENGROLA S,MORAIS S,et al.Cortisol response to air exposure in Solea senegalensis post-larvae is affected by dietary arachidonic acid-to-eicosapentaenoic acid ratio[J].Fish physiology and biochemistry,2011,37(4):733-743.  

[16] 王成强,李宝山,王际英,等.饲料中花生四烯酸含量对刺参生长性能、抗氧化能力及脂肪酸代谢的影响[J].中国水产科学,2018,25(3):555-566.

[17] 左然涛,李敏,吴反修,等.饲料中花生四烯酸对中间球海胆生长性能、性腺指数和肠道菌群组成的影响[C]//第十一届世界华人鱼虾营养学术研讨会摘要集.湖州:中国水产学会,2017.

[18] RAHIMNEJAD S,BANG I C,PARK J Y,et al.Effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth performance,feed utilization and body composition of juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus×E. lanceolatus)[J]. Aquaculture,2015,446:283-289.

[19] 刘云,王际英,李宝山,等.蛋氨酸钴对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长、矿物元素沉积及肝脏酶活力的影响[J].中国水产科学,2016,23(3):574-583.

[20] 魏佳丽,王际英,宋志东,等.酶解磷虾粉替代鱼粉对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼幼鱼生长性能、体组成及血清生化的影响[J].渔业科学进展,2016,37(1):100-110.

[21] 曹伏君,陈思,梁华芳,等.不同饲料对珍珠龙胆石斑幼鱼生长性能的影响[J].水产科技情报,2016,43(2):66-71.

[22] MOURENTE G,DICK J R,BELL J G,et al.Effect of partial substitution of dietary fish oil by vegetable oils on desaturation and β-oxidation of[1-14C]18:3n-3(LNA) and[1-14C]20:5n-3(EPA) in hepatocytes and enterocytes of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)[J]. Aquaculture,2005,248(1/2/3/4):173-186.

[23] FURUITA H,YAMAMOTO T,SHIMA T,et al.Effect of arachidonic acid levels in broodstock diet on larval and egg quality of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus[J].Aquaculture,2003,220(1/2/3/4):725-735.

[24] 刘镜恪,陈晓琳,李岿然,等.实验微粒饲料中花生四烯酸含量对牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)仔稚鱼生长、存活的影响[J].海洋与湖沼,2005,36(5):518-522.

[25] TORRENCILLAS S,ROMÁN L,RIVERO-RAMÍREZ F,et al.Supplementation of arachidonic acid rich oil in European sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) diets:effects on leucocytes and plasma fatty acid profiles,selected immune parameters and circulating prostaglandins levels[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,2017,64:437-445.

[26] YUAN Y H,LI S L,MAI K S,et al.The effect of dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) on growth performance,fatty acid composition and ARA metabolism-related genes expression in larval half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis)[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2015,113(10):1518-1530.  

[27] ASIL S M,KENARI A A,MIYANJI G R,et al.The influence of dietary arachidonic acid on growth,reproductive performance, and fatty acid composition of ovary,egg and larvae in an anabantid model fish,Blue gourami (Trichopodus trichopterus;Pallas,1770)[J]. Aquaculture,2017,476:8-18.

[28] 谭青.n-3/n-6HUFA对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、体组成、脂肪酸成分及免疫的影响[D].硕士学位论文.上海:上海海洋大学,2017:30-32.

[29] 王成强.饲料花生四烯酸、亚麻酸含量及亚麻酸/亚油酸比值对大规格鲈鱼生长性能、脂肪酸组成和脂肪沉积的影响[D]. 硕士学位论文.上海:上海海洋大学,2016:21-28.

[30] 刘亮.军曹鱼幼鱼对花生四烯酸的需求与调控[D].硕士学位论文.汕头:汕头大学,2008:10-15.

[31] WINSTON G W,DI R T,GIULIO R T,et al.Prooxidant and antioxidant mechanisms in aquatic organisms[J].Aquatic Toxicolology,1991,19(2):137-161.  

[32] FANG Y Z,YANG S,WU G Y.Free radicals,antioxidants and nutrition[J].Nutrition,2002, 18(10):872-879.  

[33] VALKO M,RHODES C J,MONCOLA J M,et al.Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer[J].Chemico-Biological Interactions,2006,160(1):1-40.  

[34] SONG Z D,LI P Y,WANG J Y,et al.Effects of fishmeal replacement with soy protein hydrolysates on growth performance, blood biochemistry,gastrointestinal digestion and muscle composition of juvenile starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus)[J].Aquaculture,2014, 426-427:96-104.

[35] WANG L N,LIU W B,LU K L,et al. Effects of dietary carbohydrate/lipid ratios on non-specific immune responses,oxidative status and liver histology of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco[J].Aquaculture,2014,426:41-48

[36] 章龙珍,朱卫,王妤,等.饲料脂肪水平对点篮子鱼消化酶活性和血液主要生化指标的影响[J].海洋渔业,2014,36(2):170-176.

[37] ROWLEY A F,KNIGHT J,LLOYD-EVANS P,et al.Eicosanoids and their role in immune modulation in fish-a brief overview[J].Fish & Shellfish Immunology,1995,5(8):549-567.  

[38] PALMER R M.Prostaglandins and the control of muscle protein synthesis and degradation[J]. Prostaglandins,Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids,1990,39(2):95-104.  

[39] LI Q F,AI Q H, MAI K S,et al.In vitro effects of arachidonic acid on immune functions od head kidney macrophages isolated from large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea)[J].Aquaculture,2012,330-333:47-53.

[40] DAVIDSON M H.Mechanisms for the hypotriglyceridemic effect of marine omega-3 fatty acids[J].The American journal of cardiology,2006,98(Suppl.1):27-33.

[41] SHEARER G C,SAVINOVA O V,HARRIS W S.Fish oil-How does it reduce plasma triglycerides[J].Biochimica et Biophysica Acta:Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids,2012,1821(5):843-851.  

[42] ZUO R T,AI Q H,MAI K S,et al.Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on growth,non-specific immunity,antioxidant capacity,lipid deposition and related gene expression in juvenile large yellow croaker (Larmichthys crocea) fed soybean oil-based diets[J].British Journal of Nutrition,2013,110(7):1220-1232.  

[43] FALK-PETERSEN S,SARGENT J R,FOX C,et al.Lipids in atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) eggs from planktonic samples in Northern Norway[J].Marine biology, 1898,101(4):553-556.
文章导航

/