钩吻提取物对生长猪生长性能、肠道形态和盲肠菌群的影响

陈小军, 王宇, 王帅帅, 伍勇, 李元义, 孙志良

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.09.033

动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 9: 3626 - 3633

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.09.033

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

钩吻提取物对生长猪生长性能、肠道形态和盲肠菌群的影响

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1. 湖南农业大学动物医学院, 长沙 410128;
2. 湖南省兽药工程技术研究中心, 长沙 410128;
3. 加拿大麦吉尔大学健康研究中心, 蒙特利尔 H3G 1A4

陈小军(1972-),女,湖南南县人,副教授,博士,主要从事植物功能成分药理研究。E-mail:xj92e2@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-02-12

网络出版日期: 2018-09-20

基金资助

国家重点研发计划专项（2017YFD0501403）；国家自然科学基金项目（31572563）

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Effects of Gelsemium elegans Extracts on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology and Caecal Microflora in Growing Pigs

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1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
2. Hunan Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Drug, Changsha 410128, China;
3. McGill University Health Centre, Montreal H3G 1A4, Canada

Received date: 2018-02-12

Online published: 2018-09-20

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摘要

本试验旨在研究钩吻提取物对生长猪生长性能、肠道形态和盲肠菌群的影响。选取56日龄生长猪75头，随机分为5组，每组3个重复，每个重复5头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，钩吻醇提物组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加25、50、100 mg/kg钩吻醇提物的试验饲粮，钩吻酸提物组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加150 mg/kg钩吻酸提物的试验饲粮，试验期49 d。结果显示：与对照组相比，饲粮添加钩吻提取物对生长猪的平均日采食量均无显著影响（P>0.05），显著提高了平均日增重（P < 0.05），显著降低了料重比（P < 0.05），以添加100 mg/kg钩吻醇提物效果最佳；与对照组相比，饲粮添加100 mg/kg钩吻醇提物显著增加了空肠、回肠绒毛高度（P < 0.05），显著降低了十二指肠隐窝深度（P < 0.05）；透射电镜观察结果显示，饲粮添加钩吻提取物使空肠组织微绒毛更加均匀、整齐、致密，相邻细胞间的紧密连接、中间连接和桥粒等结构均结构清晰、完整；与对照组相比，饲粮添加50、100 mg/kg钩吻醇提物显著降低了盲肠中大肠杆菌的数量（P < 0.05），显著增加了盲肠中乳酸杆菌的数量（P < 0.05）。由此可见，钩吻醇提物和钩吻酸提物均可改善生长猪肠道形态，调整盲肠菌群结构，提高生长猪的平均日增重，降低料重比，以100 mg/kg钩吻醇提物效果最佳。

关键词： 钩吻提取物; 生长猪; 生长性能; 肠道形态; 盲肠菌群

本文引用格式

陈小军, 王宇, 王帅帅, 伍勇, 李元义, 孙志良 . 钩吻提取物对生长猪生长性能、肠道形态和盲肠菌群的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(9) : 3626 -3633 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.09.033

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Gelsemium elegans extracts on growth performance, intestinal morphology and caecal microflora in growing pigs. A total of seventy-five 56-day-old growing pigs were randomly assigned into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 5 growing pigs per replicate. Pigs in a control group were fed a basal diet, and pigs in Gelsemium elegans alcohol extract groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg Gelsemium elegans alcohol extract, while pigs in Gelsemium elegans acidic extract group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg Gelsemium elegans acidic extract. The experiment lasted for 49 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, dietary supplemented with Gelsemium elegans extracts had no significant effect on average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P>0.05), but significantly increased average daily gain (ADG) (P < 0.05), and significantly reduced feed/gain (F/G) (P < 0.05). The effect of promoting growth of 100 mg/kg Gelsemium elegans alcohol extract was the best. Compared with control group, dietary supplemented with 100 mg/kg Gelsemium elegans alcohol extract significantly improved the villus length of jejunum and ileum, and significantly decreased the crypt depth of duodenum (P < 0.05). Transmission electron micrographs displayed the microvillis of jejunum tissue were more uniform, neatly and tightly, and the structure of intercellular tight junction, intermediate junction and desmosome were more clear and complete in the experiment groups than those in the control group. Compared with the control group, dietary supplemented with 50 and 100 mg/kg Gelsemium elegans alcohol extracts significantly decreased caecal E. coli number (P < 0.05), and significantly increased caecal Lactobacillus number (P < 0.05). It is concluded that growth performance, intestinal morphology and caecal microflora of growing pigs can be improved by diets supplemented with Gelsemium elegans extracts, especially with 100 mg/kg Gelsemium elegans alcohol extract.

Key words： Gelsemium elegans extracts; growing pigs; growth performance; intestinal morphology; caecal microflora

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