动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 9: 3720 - 3725

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.09.043

饲料资源开发 Feed Resources Development

汽爆与汽爆后发酵对棉花秸秆营养价值的影响

展开
  • 1. 新疆畜牧科学院饲料研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830000;
    2. 新疆巴州草原工作站, 库尔勒 841000;
    3. 新疆弘瑞达纤维有限公司, 库尔勒 841000
张志军(1985-),男,山西阳高人,助理研究员,硕士,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:249704369@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-01-19

  网络出版日期: 2018-09-20

基金资助

新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目（2016D01A002）；新疆维吾尔自治区科研院所基本科研业务经费资助项目；自治区科研机构创新发展专项资金（2016D04018）

收起

Effects of Steam Explosion and Fermentation after Steam Explosion on Nutrient Value of Cotton Stalk

Expand
  • 1. Feed Research Institute Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi 830000, China;
    2. Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Bayingolin Grassland Supervision Station, Korla 841000, China;
    3. Xinjiang Hong Ruida Fiber Co., Ltd., Korla 841000, China

Received date: 2018-01-19

  Online published: 2018-09-20

Fold

摘要

本试验旨在研究汽爆及汽爆后发酵对棉花秸秆营养价值的影响。试验分别将棉花秸秆未处理（对照组）、粉碎（S组）、汽爆（SE组）、汽爆后发酵（SEF组），采用多点采样和四分法收集样品，检测棉花秸秆的总能（GE）、粗蛋白质（CP）、粗脂肪（EE）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、木质素（ADL）、粗灰分（Ash）、钙（Ca）、磷（P）以及游离棉酚（FG）含量，并通过计算粗饲料分级指数（GI）值，综合评价不同处理对棉花秸秆营养价值的影响。结果表明：1）SE组和SEF组棉花秸秆CP含量较S组提高分别了10.79%和14.60%（P<0.01）；SEF组棉花秸秆CP含量较对照组提高了5.40%（P<0.05）。S组、SE组、SEF组棉花秸秆EE含量较对照组分别提高了29.29%、61.09%、59.83%（P<0.01），SE组和SEF组棉花秸秆EE含量较S组分别提高了24.60%和23.62%（P<0.01）。SEF组棉花秸秆的GE最高，较SE组、S组和对照组分别提高了7.89%、24.56%、10.27%（P<0.01）。2）与S组相比，SE组、SEF组棉花秸秆NDF和ADF含量分别提高了10.83%、9.85%和23.94%、14.52%（P<0.01）；S组棉花秸秆ADL含量最高，SE组次之，SEF组最低，各组之间差异极显著（P<0.01）。3）经过不同处理，棉花秸秆中FG含量变化极显著（P<0.01），SEF组最低。SEF组和SE组GI值较对照组分别提高了11.60%（P<0.01）、11.58%（P<0.05），S组GI值较对照组提高了2.11%（P>0.05）。综上所述，汽爆与汽爆后发酵处理可改善棉花秸秆的营养价值，降低棉花秸秆ADL和FG含量，其中汽爆后发酵的效果最好。

关键词： 棉花秸秆; 汽爆; 发酵; 营养价值; 木质素; 游离棉酚

本文引用格式

张志军, 郭同军, 赵洁, 桑断疾, 石勇, 崔继文 . 汽爆与汽爆后发酵对棉花秸秆营养价值的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(9) : 3720 -3725 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.09.043

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of steam explosion and fermentation after steam explosion on nutrient value of cotton stalk. Cotton stalk were un-treated (control, CK group), smashed (S group)、steam exploded (SE group) and fermented after steam explosion (SEF group), and collected by multipoint sampling and four division method. Total energy (GE), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), ash, Ca, P, and free gossypol (FG) contents were detected, and graded index (GI) value was calculated to evaluate the effects of processing method on nutrient value of cotton stalk. The results showed as follows:1) compared with S group, the CP content of cotton stalk in SE and SEF groups was increased by 10.79% and 14.60%, respectively (P<0.01); compared with the CK group; the CP content of cotton stalk in SEF group was increased by 5.40% (P<0.05). Compared with the CK group, the EE content of cotton stalk in S, SE and SEF groups was increased by 29.29%, 61.09%, 59.83%, respectively (P<0.01); compared with S group, the EE content of cotton stalk in SE and SEF groups was increased by 24.60%, 23.62% (P<0.01). The GE of cotton stalk in SEF group was the highest, and was higher than that in SE, S and CK groups by 7.89%, 24.56%, 10.27%, respectively (P<0.01). 2) Compare with S group, the contents of NDF and ADF of cotton stalk in SE and SEF groups were increased by 10.83%, 9.85% and 23.94%,14.52%, respectively (P<0.01); the content of ADL of cotton stalk in S group was the highest, followed by SE group, the SEF group was the lowest, and there was significant difference among groups (P<0.01). 3) The content of FG of cotton stalk changed significantly with different processing methods (P<0.01), and SEF group was the lowest. The GI value in SEF and SE groups was increased by 11.60% (P<0.01),11.58% (P<0.05), respectively; the GI value in S group was increased by 2.11% when compared with CK group (P>0.05). In conclusion, steam explosion and fermentation after steam explosion can improve nutrient value of cotton stalk, decrease the contents of FG and ADL, and the effect of fermentation after steam explosion is the best.

Key words： cotton stalk; steam explosion; fermentation; nutrient value; acid detergent lignin; free gossypol

参考文献

[1] 魏敏,雒秋江,潘榕,等.对棉花秸秆饲用价值的基本评价[J].新疆农业大学学报,2003,26(1):1-4.

[2] 杨胜.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:北京农业大学出版社,1999:58-63.

[3] 李大鹏.玉米秸秆青贮饲料添加剂的研究[J].粮食与饲料工业,2002(5):29-30.

[4] 钟英长,吴玲娟.利用微生物将棉籽中游离棉酚脱毒的研究[J].中山大学学报(自然科学版), 1989,28(3):67-72.

[5] 陈翠微,刘长江,郭文洁,等.微生物发酵农作物秸秆生产蛋白饲料的研究与应用[J].微生物学通报,2000,27(4):291-293.

[6] ZHANG L H,LI D,WANG L J,et al.Effect of steam explosion on biodegradation of lignin in wheat straw[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(17):8512-8515.  

[7] CHANG J, CHENG W, YIN Q Q,et al.Effect of steam explosion and microbial fermentation on cellulose and lignin degradation of corn stove[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,104:587-592.

[8] 王玉,周俊,雍晓雨,等.汽爆预处理对水稻秸秆纤维结构的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2014,43(11):319-324.

[9] LIU J X,ØRSKOV E R.Cellulase treatment of untreated and steam pre-treated rice straw-effect on in vitro fermentation characteristics[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2000,88(3/4):189-200.

[10] DE CASTRO F B,PAIVA T C B,ARCARO I,Jr.Substitution of sugar cane with steam-treated eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis):effects on intake and growth rate of dairy heifers[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,1995,52(1/2):93-100.

[11] VIOLA E,ZIMBARDI F,CARDINALE M,et al.Processing cereal straws by steam explosion in a pilot plant to enhance digestibility in ruminants[J].Bioresource Technology.2008,99(4):681-689.

[12] 刘洁.肉用绵羊饲料代谢能与代谢蛋白质预测模型的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2012.

[13] 卢智文.日粮中棉酚含量计算方法及安全限量[J].中国饲料,1996(24):33-34.

[14] 和立文,孟庆翔,李德勇,等.体外法评价汽爆处理对常见秸秆饲料品质的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2016,21(9):90-96.

[15] De Castro F B.The use of steam treatment to upgrade lingo cellulosic materials for animal feed[D].Aberdeen:University of Aberdeen,1994.

[16] LIU J K,ORSKOV E R,CHEN X B.Optimization of steam treatment as a method for upgrading rice straw as feeds[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,1999,76(3/4):345-357.

[17] 赵永锋.汽爆处理对秸秆化学成分、瘤胃降解率、肉牛生长性能和胴体品质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.北京:中国农业大学,2014.

[18] THOMAS M,VAN DER A F B.Effects of expander processing on the chemical, physical and hygienic quality of feed:effects on the physical quality of feed[C]//Expander Processing of Animal Feeds Chemical,Physical and Nutritional Effects.Wageningen:Wageningen Feed Processing Centre,1997:31-38.

[19] FORSBERG C W, FORANO E,CHESSON A,et al.Microbial adherence to the plant cell wall and enzymatic hydrolysis[M]//CRONJEN P B.Ruminant physiology digestion,metalbolism,growth and reprducion.Wallingford:CABI Publishing,2000:79-97.

[20] SARKAR N,GHOSH S K,BANNERJEE S,et al.Bioethanol production from agricultural wastes:an overview[J].Renewable Energy,2012,37(1):19-27.  

[21] 韩士群,杨莹,周庆,等.蒸汽爆破对芦苇纤维及其木塑复合材料性能的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2017,41(1):136-142.

[22] 郑丽丽,韩冰莹,盛占武,等.蒸汽爆破预处理降解香蕉茎秆纤维素组分的研究[J].热带农业科学,2014,34(11):84-88.

[23] 韩浩然,常娟,尹清强,等.蒸汽爆破和化学处理对玉米秸秆化学成分的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(8):166-168.

[24] 王清华,贺永惠,鲁红伟,等.蒸汽爆破技术对棉籽粕中游离棉酚脱毒效果研究[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(2):524-530.
Options
文章导航

/

〈 〉

    联系我们

  • 地址：北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号
    　　　中国农业大学动科动医大楼153室
  • 邮编：100193
  • 电话：010－62817823
  • 网址：http://www.chinajan.com
  • E-mail：cjan@chinajan.com
京公网安备 11010802041926号    京ICP备17050989号-2