甲酸钙和乳酸钙对泌乳奶牛生产性能、乳成分、血液生化指标及钙磷代谢的影响

张舒, 卢娜, 王雅晶, 邵伟, 李胜利, 母智深

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.019

动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 10: 3950 - 3957

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.019

反刍与草食动物营养 Ruminant and herbivore nutrition

甲酸钙和乳酸钙对泌乳奶牛生产性能、乳成分、血液生化指标及钙磷代谢的影响

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1. 新疆农业大学动物科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052;
2. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京市生鲜乳质量安全工程技术研究中心, 北京 100193;
3. 内蒙古蒙牛乳业(集团)股份有限公司, 呼和浩特 011500

张舒(1989-),女,黑龙江鸡西人,硕士研究生,研究方向为反刍动物营养。E-mail:zhangshu200666@126.com

收稿日期: 2018-03-26

网络出版日期: 2018-10-20

基金资助

2017年农产品质量安全监管（畜牧）项目（131721301092361005）

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Effects of Calcium Formate and Calcium Lactate on Performance, Milk Composition, Blood Biochemical Indices, Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism of Lactating Dairy Cows

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1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
3. Inner Mongoliamengniu Dairy(Group) Co., Ltd., Hohhot 011500, China

Received date: 2018-03-26

Online published: 2018-10-20

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摘要

本试验旨在研究甲酸钙和乳酸钙对泌乳奶牛生产性能、乳成分、血液生化指标及钙磷代谢的影响。选取产奶量、胎次、乳成分和泌乳天数相近的健康荷斯坦泌乳奶牛45头，随机分为3组，每组15个重复，每个重复1头牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组分别以甲酸钙和甲酸钙＋乳酸钙替代基础饲粮中50%的石粉，并使3组饲粮中钙水平一致。预试期10 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组乳蛋白率显著提高（P<0.05）；乳钙含量和乳脂率均有所升高，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。各组之间干物质采食量、产奶量、乳糖率、乳磷含量均无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组的血浆骨钙素（OC）含量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。各组之间血清中钙、磷、甲状旁腺激素（PTH）含量及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性，血浆中骨吸收标志物（CTX）含量均无显著差异（P<0.05）。3）试验Ⅰ组与试验Ⅱ组钙、磷表观消化率显著高于对照组（P<0.05），钙、磷平衡显著高于对照组（P<0.05），粪钙、粪磷含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。综上所述，在奶牛饲粮中用甲酸钙和乳酸钙替换部分石粉，显著提高了泌乳奶牛乳蛋白率，对乳脂率和乳钙含量也有提升作用，显著提高了钙、磷表观消化率，减少了钙、磷排放量。

关键词： 甲酸钙; 乳酸钙; 泌乳奶牛; 钙磷代谢

本文引用格式

张舒, 卢娜, 王雅晶, 邵伟, 李胜利, 母智深 . 甲酸钙和乳酸钙对泌乳奶牛生产性能、乳成分、血液生化指标及钙磷代谢的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(10) : 3950 -3957 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.019

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of calcium formate and calcium lactate on performance, milk composition, blood biochemical indices, calcium and phosphorus metabolism of lactating dairy cows. Forty-five Holstein lactating dairy cows with similar milk yield, parity, milk composition and lactation days were randomly assigned into 3 groups with 15 replicates in each group and 1 cow in each replicate. Cows in the control group were fed a basal diet, and others in trial group Ⅰ and trial group Ⅱ were fed the experimental diets in which 50% limestone was replaced by calcium formate and calcium formate+calcium lactate, and had the same dietary calcium level in the 3 groups. The pre-trial lasted for 10 days, and the trial period lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with the control group, the milk protein rate of trial group Ⅰ and trial group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.05), the milk fat rate and milk calcium content were increased, but the difference was not significant (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in dry matter intake, milk yield, lactose rate and milk phosphorus content among all groups (P>0.05). 2) The plasma osteocalcin (OC) content of trial group Ⅰ and trial group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the parathormone (PTH), calcium and phosphorus contents and alkaline phosphatase activity in serum, and plasma bone resorption (CTX) content among all groups (P>0.05). 3) The calcium and phosphorus apparent digestibilities of trial group Ⅰ and trial group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), calcium and phosphorus balance were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the contents of calcium and phosphorus in faeces were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, part limestone replaced by calcium formate and calcium lactate can significantly improve the milk protein rate of lactating dairy cows, improve the milk fat rate and milk calcium content, significantly increase the calcium and phosphorus apparent digestibilities, and reduce the calcium and phosphorus emissions.

Key words： calcium formate; calcium lactate; lactating dairy cows; calcium and phosphorus metabolism

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