动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 10: 3993 - 4004

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.024

水产营养 Aquaculture Nutrition

周期性饥饿再投喂对虎斑乌贼幼体生长性能、抗氧化指标、消化酶活性、氨基酸组成和脂肪酸组成的影响

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  • 宁波大学海洋学院鱼类营养研究室, 宁波 315211
李晨晨(1993-),女,安徽马鞍山人,硕士研究生,从事水生动物营养与饲料研究。E-mail:1076030698@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-03-23

  网络出版日期: 2018-10-20

基金资助

宁波市重大专项（201401C1111001）

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Effects of Periodical Starvation-Refeeding on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Indices, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Amino Acid Composition and Fatty Acid Composition of Juvenile Sepia pharaoni

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  • Laboratory of Fish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China

Received date: 2018-03-23

  Online published: 2018-10-20

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摘要

本试验旨在研究周期性饥饿再投喂对虎斑乌贼幼体生长性能、抗氧化指标、消化酶活性、氨基酸组成和脂肪酸组成的影响。选用初始体重为（6.83±0.01）g虎斑乌贼幼体360尾，随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复放养30尾。采取周期性饥饿1 d再投喂6 d（S1F6组）、周期性饥饿2 d再投喂5 d（S2F5组）、周期性饥饿3 d再投喂4 d（S3F4组）和持续投喂（对照组）4种投喂模式，进行为期14 d的投喂试验。结果显示：1）不同饥饿时间对增重率、存活率和特定生长率均有显著影响（P<0.05），上述3个指标S3F4组显著低于对照组（P<0.05），S1F6组、S2F5组和对照组之间差异不显著（P>0.05）。2）肌肉水分、粗脂肪以及粗蛋白质的含量在各组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）不同饥饿时间对肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性有显著影响（P<0.05），肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性在S2F5组达到最大值；不同饥饿时间对肝脏丙二醛和还原型谷胱甘肽含量及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性均无显著影响（P>0.05）。4）不同饥饿时间对肝脏淀粉酶和脂肪酶的活性有显著影响（P<0.05）。随着饥饿时间的延长，肝脏淀粉酶活性先降低后升高，在S1F6组有最小值，肝脏脂肪酶活性则先升高后降低再升高，在S2F5组有最小值。5）在虎斑乌贼幼体的肌肉组织中共检测出17种氨基酸，10种必需氨基酸、7种非必需氨基酸的含量以及氨基酸总量（TAA）、必需氨基酸总量（TEAA）、TEAA/TAA各组间均差异不显著（P>0.05）。6）肝脏和肌肉饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸各组间均无显著差异（P>0.05），肌肉C20∶5n-3（EPA）、C22∶5n-3（DPA）、C22∶6n-3（DHA）以及肝脏DPA、DHA含量在各组间亦无显著差异（P>0.05），但S3F4组肝脏EPA、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。综上所述，S1F6组与S2F5组的虎斑乌贼幼体均出现了补偿生长，且肌肉常规营养成分没有发生显著变化。从节约成本、减少污染以及补充生长等方面综合来看，建议在虎斑乌贼幼体的养殖过程中采用周期性饥饿2 d再投喂5 d的投喂模式。

关键词： 虎斑乌贼幼体; 饥饿再投喂; 常规营养成分; 消化酶活性; 氨基酸; 脂肪酸

本文引用格式

李晨晨, 朱婷婷, 陆游, 罗嘉翔, 金敏, 袁野, 周歧存 . 周期性饥饿再投喂对虎斑乌贼幼体生长性能、抗氧化指标、消化酶活性、氨基酸组成和脂肪酸组成的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(10) : 3993 -4004 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.024

Abstract

A 14-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of periodical starvation-refeeding on growth performance, antioxidant indices, digestive enzyme activities, amino acid composition and fatty acid composition of juvenile Sepia pharaoni. A total of 360 juvenile Sepia pharaoni with an initial body weight of (6.83±0.01) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 Sepia pharaoni for each replicate. In the experiment, four different repetitive cycles of starvation-refeeding modes were used, they were starvation 1 day and refeeding 6 days (S1F6 group), starvation 2 days and refeeding 5 days (S2F5 group), starvation 3 days and refeeding 4 days (S3F4 group) and continuous feeding (control group). Results showed as follows:1) the weight gain ratio (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR) and survival ratio were significantly affected by different starvation time, and above three indicators of the S3F4 group were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05), but those had no significant differences among the control group, S1F6 group and S2F5 group (P>0.05). 2) No significant differences in the moisture, crude protein and crude lipid contents in muscle among groups (P>0.05). 3) Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly affected by different starvation time (P<0.05), and its highest value was found in S2F5 group. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and the contents of glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were not significantly affected by different starvation time (P>0.05). 4) Hepatic amylase (AMS) and lipase (LPS) activities were affected by different starvation time (P<0.05). With the starvation time prolong, the hepatic AMS activity was decreased at first and then increased, and the lowest value was found in S1F6 group; while the hepatic LPS was increased at first, next decreased and then increased, and the lowest value was found in S2F5 group. 5) Seventeen kinds of amino acids were detected in muscle of juvenile Sepia pharaoni, and the contents of 10 kinds of essential amino acids and 7 kinds of non-essential amino acids, total amino acids (TAA), total essential amino acids (TEAA) and TEAA/TAA were not significantly affected by different starvation time (P>0.05). 6) The contents of saturated fatty acids (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in liver and muscle were not significantly different among groups (P>0.05), and the contents of C20:5n-3 (EPA), C22:5n-3 (DPA) and C22:6n-3 (DHA) in muscle, and the contents of DPA and DHA in liver were also not significantly different among groups (P>0.05), but the hepatic EPA and n-3 PUFA contents in S3F4 group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, compensatory growth is observed in the juvenile Sepia pharaoni of S1F6 and S2F5 group, and the muscle conventional nutrients have no significant changes. Synthesizes the cost saving, reduce pollution and compensatory growth, we that the feeding mode of periodical starvation 2 days and refeeding 5 days can be suggested to use in juvenile Sepia pharaoni culture.

Key words： juvenile Sepia pharaoni; starvation-refeeding; conventional nutrients; digestive enzyme activities; amino acids; fatty acids

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