动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 10: 4121 - 4131

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.038

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

牛磺酸对早期断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响

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  • 西南大学动物科技学院, 生物饲料与分子营养实验室, 重庆 400715
马娅君(1990-),女,重庆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为应用微生物。E-mail:2398295473@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-04-05

  网络出版日期: 2018-10-20

基金资助

国家自然科学基金（31772610）；重庆市自然科学基金（cstc2016jcyjA1414）；重庆市留学人才创新计划重点项目（cx2017024）

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Effects of Taurine on Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Early-Weaned Piglets

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  • Key Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China

Received date: 2018-04-05

  Online published: 2018-10-20

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摘要

本试验旨在研究牛磺酸（Tau）对早期断奶仔猪生长性能、血清指标、肠道黏膜形态结构和相关基因表达的影响及其机制，并对比Tau和谷氨酰胺（Gln）的添加效果。选择（17±2）日龄断奶、平均体重为（5.17±0.04）kg的健康"（长×大）×荣昌"早期断奶仔猪30头，随机分为3个组，每组10个重复，每个重复1头猪。对照组（CON组）饲喂基础饲粮，试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.1% Tau（T组）和1.0% Gln（G组）。试验期17 d，其中预试期3 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，饲粮中添加Tau和Gln能显著提高早期断奶仔猪的平均日增重和平均日采食量（P<0.05），降低腹泻率，Gln的效果优于Tau。2）T组早期断奶仔猪的血清白蛋白（ALB）含量显著高于对照组和G组（P<0.05）；与对照组相比，T和G组的血清碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性显著提高（P<0.05），血清天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性显著降低（P<0.05）。3）与对照组相比，T和G组早期断奶仔猪的血清甘油三酯（TG）含量显著降低（P<0.05）。4）T组早期断奶仔猪的血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著高于对照组和G组（P<0.05）；T和G组的血清过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著高于对照组（P<0.05），G组效果较好。5）与对照组相比，除色氨酸（Try）、组氨酸（His）、异亮氨酸（Ile）、苯丙氨酸（Phe）、缬氨酸（Val）和谷氨酸（Glu）外，T和G组早期断奶仔猪的血清必需氨基酸（EAA）含量均呈升高趋势，血清非必需氨基酸（NEAA）含量均呈降低趋势；其中，饲粮中添加Tau对血清赖氨酸（Lys）、蛋氨酸（Met）和精氨酸（Arg）含量的提高效果显著优于Gln。6）T和G组早期断奶仔猪的空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著高于对照组（P<0.05），隐窝深度显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。7）T和G组早期断奶仔猪空肠和回肠黏膜的β-连环蛋白（β-catenin）mRNA相对表达量显著低于对照组（P<0.05），G组最低。本试验结果表明，饲粮中添加0.1% Tau或1.0% Gln能提高早期断奶仔猪的生长性能，促进肠道发育，添加1.0% Gln的效果略优于0.1% Tau。

关键词： 牛磺酸; 谷氨酰胺; 早期断奶仔猪; 生长性能; 肠道发育

本文引用格式

马娅君, 张小龙, 陈庆菊, 卢昌文, 唐志如 . 牛磺酸对早期断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(10) : 4121 -4131 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.038

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects and mechanisms of taurine (Tau) on growth performance, serum indexes, intestinal mucosa morphological structure and related gene expressions of early-weaned piglets, and compared the supplemental effects of Tau and glutamine (Gln). Thirty healthy "(Landrace×Yorkshire)×Rongchang" early-weaned piglets weaned at (17±2) days with average body weight of (5.17±0.04) kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 piglets per replicate. Piglets in control group (CON group) were fed a basal diet, and the others in experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.1% Tau (T group) and 1.0% Gln (G group), respectively. The experiment lasted for 17 days including 3 days of adaptation period. The results showed as follows:1) compared with CON group, dietary Tau and Gln significantly increased average daily gain and average daily feed intake (P<0.05), and decreased diarrhea rate of early-weaned piglets, the effects of Gln was better than Tau. 2) The content of albumin (ALB) in serum of early-weaned piglets in T group was significantly higher than that in CON and G groups (P<0.05). Compared with CON group, the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) in serum in T and G groups was significantly increased (P<0.05), but the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in serum in T and G groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 3) Compared with CON group, the content of triglyceride (TG) in serum of early-weaned piglets in T and G groups was significantly decreased (P<0.05). 4) The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum of early-weaned piglets in T group was significantly higher than that in CON and G groups (P<0.05), and the activity of catalase (CAT) in serum in T and G groups was significantly higher than that in CON group (P<0.05), the effects of G group was better. 5) Compared with CON group, the contents of essential amino acid (EAA) in serum of early-weaned piglets in T and G groups had an increasing trend, but the contents of non-essential amino acid (NEAA) in serum had a decreasing trend, except for tryptophan (Try), histidine (His), isoleucine (Ile), phenylalanine (Phe), valine (Val) and glutamate (Glu). Dietary Tau had a better increasing effect than Gln on the contents of lysine (Lys), methionine (Met) and arginine (Arg) in serum. 6) Jejunal villus height and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of early-weaned piglets in T and G groups were significantly higher than those in CON group (P<0.05), and crypt depth was significantly lower than that in CON group (P<0.05). 7) The mRNA relative expression level of jejunal and ileal mucosa β-catenin of early-weaned piglets in T and G groups was significantly lower than that in CON group (P<0.05), and that in G group was lowest. These results indicate that diet supplemented with 0.1% Tau or 1.0% Gln can improve growth performance and intestinal development of early-weaned piglets, and the supplemental effects of 1.0% Gln are slightly better than 0.1% Tau.

Key words： taurine; glutamine; early-weaned piglets; growth performance; intestinal development

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