动物营养学报 >

2018 , Vol. 30 >Issue 10: 4151 - 4160

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.041

饲料营养 Feed science and technology

不同铁添加水平饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对雏鹅生长性能、造血功能、铁代谢和肾脏功能的影响

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  • 青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所, 国家水禽产业技术体系营养与饲料功能研究室, 青岛 266109
刁翠萍(1992-),女,山东烟台人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与保健。E-mail:1542860267@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-03-22

  网络出版日期: 2018-10-20

基金资助

国家水禽产业技术体系专项基金（CARS-43-11）

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Effects of Bacillus subtilis Supplementation in Different Iron Supplemental Level Diets on Growth Performance, Hematopoiesis Function, Iron Metabolism and Kidney Function of Goslings

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  • Institute of Quality Waterfowl, Qingdao Agricultural University, Research Laboratory of Nutrition and Feed Function, National Waterfowl Industry Technical System, Qingdao 266109, China

Received date: 2018-03-22

  Online published: 2018-10-20

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摘要

本试验旨在研究不同铁添加水平饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对雏鹅生长性能、造血功能、铁代谢和肾脏功能的影响。试验选用1日龄五龙鹅360只，随机分为6个组，每组6个重复，每个重复10只鹅。Ⅰ组为对照组，在基础饲粮中添加100 mg/kg铁，不添加枯草芽孢杆菌；Ⅱ~Ⅵ组为试验组，在基础饲粮中分别添加0、25、50、75、100 mg/kg铁，枯草芽孢杆菌添加水平均为250 mg/kg。试验期4周。结果表明：1）与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅵ组雏鹅体重、平均日增重、屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率，血液血红蛋白含量、红细胞压积、平均红细胞体积以及血清铁含量、总铁结合力、转铁蛋白饱和度均升高（P>0.05），平均日采食量、料重比、腹脂率以及血清尿酸、尿素氮、肌酐含量均降低（P>0.05）。2）Ⅳ、Ⅴ组体重、平均日增重显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅳ组料重比显著或极显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。3）Ⅳ、Ⅴ组全净膛率显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）；Ⅳ组胸肌率显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅴ组胸肌率显著高于Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。4）Ⅴ、Ⅵ组血液血红蛋白含量显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅴ组血液红细胞数量显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅴ组血液红细胞压积显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅳ组血液平均红细胞体积显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅴ组血液平均血红蛋白含量显著或极显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅵ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。5）Ⅳ、Ⅴ组血清总铁结合力显著高于Ⅲ、Ⅵ组（P<0.05），Ⅳ组血清尿酸含量显著或极显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅵ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。由此可见，雏鹅铁营养需要量具有一定阈值，饲粮铁添加水平过高或过低都不利于机体的生长发育。枯草芽孢杆菌能够与铁协同促进雏鹅生长发育、造血功能、铁代谢和肾脏功能，降低饲粮中铁添加水平；建议雏鹅基础饲粮中添加250 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌条件下铁适宜添加水平为60.34~80.50 mg/kg。

关键词： 铁; 枯草芽孢杆菌; 雏鹅; 生长性能; 造血功能; 铁代谢; 肾脏功能

本文引用格式

刁翠萍, 王宝维, 葛文华, 张名爱, 史雪萍, 柯昌娇, 龙建华 . 不同铁添加水平饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对雏鹅生长性能、造血功能、铁代谢和肾脏功能的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2018 , 30(10) : 4151 -4160 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2018.10.041

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Bacillus subtilis supplementation in different iron supplemental level diets on growth performance, hematopoiesis function, iron metabolism and kidney function of goslings. A total of 360 one-day-old Wulong geese were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 geese in each replicate. Geese in control group (group Ⅰ) were fed a basal diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg iron, without Bacillus subtilis; and others in experimental groups (groups Ⅱ to Ⅵ) were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 iron, respectively, and all supplemented with 250 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis. The experiment lasted for 4 weeks. The results showed as follows:1) compared with group Ⅰ, the body weight, average daily gain, slaughter rate, half-eviscerated rate, chest muscle rate, leg muscle rate and blood hemoglobin content, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and serum iron content, total iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation of group Ⅵ were increased (P>0.05), and the average daily feed intake, feed to gain ratio, abdominal fat rate and contents of uric acid, urea nitrogen and creatinine in serum of group Ⅵ were decreased (P>0.05). 2) The body weight and average daily gain of groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ were significantly higher than those of groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅵ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the feed to gain ratio of group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅵ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 3) The all-eviscerated rate of groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.05); and the chest muscle rate of group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the chest muscle rate of group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.05). 4) The bold hemoglobin content of groups Ⅴ and Ⅵ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the blood red blood cell number of group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the blood hematokrit of group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅵ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the blood mean corpuscular volume of group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the blood mean corpuscular hemoglobin of group Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅵ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 5) The serum total iron binding capacity of groups Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅲ and Ⅵ (P<0.05), and the serum uric acid content of group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅵ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In conclusion, the iron nutritional requirement of goslings has a certain threshold value, too high or too low dietary iron supplemental level is not conducive to the growth and development of goslings. Bacillus subtilis can synergize with iron to promote the growth and development, hematopoietic function, iron metabolism and kidney function of goslings, and reduce the dietary iron supplemental level. It is suggested that the appropriate dietary supplemental level of iron is 60.34 to 80.50 mg/kg when 250 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis is added to the basal diet of goslings.

Key words： iron; Bacillus subtilis; goslings; growth performance; hematopoietic funtion; iron metabolism; kidney function

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