动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 4: 1604 - 1612

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.04.017

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

低蛋白质饲粮补充缬氨酸对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和血清指标的影响

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  • 1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室, 北京 100081;
    2. 生物饲料开发国家工程研究中心, 北京 100081;
    3. 希杰(上海)商贸有限公司, 上海 200335
陈将(1993-),男,江西宜春人,硕士研究生,从事家禽营养研究。E-mail:jiangchen363@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-09-05

  网络出版日期: 2019-04-16

基金资助

现代农业产业技术体系专项资金（CARS-41）

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Effects of Valine Supplementation in Low-Protein Diets on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance and Serum Indices of Broilers

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  • 1. Key Open Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. National Engineering Research Center for Biological Feed Development, Beijing 100081, China;
    3. Xijie(Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China

Received date: 2018-09-05

  Online published: 2019-04-16

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摘要

本试验旨在研究低蛋白质饲粮补充缬氨酸（Val）对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和血清指标的影响。选取300只1日龄爱拔益加肉鸡，随机分成5个组（Ⅰ~Ⅴ组），每组6个重复，每个重复10只鸡。试验各组饲粮赖氨酸（Lys）和粗蛋白质水平前期（1~21日龄）分别为1.17%和19.55%，后期（22~42日龄）分别为1.01%和17.67%；Ⅰ~Ⅴ组饲粮前期和后期Val/Lys值分别为68%、73%、78%、83%和88%。试验期42 d。结果表明：1）低蛋白质饲粮补充Val能显著提高1~42日龄肉鸡末体重和平均日增重（ADG）（P<0.05），显著降低料重比（F/G）（P<0.05），以ADG和F/G为效应指标进行二次曲线方程拟合表明，饲粮Val/Lys推荐值分别为80.07%和81.03%。2）低蛋白质饲粮补充Val对肉鸡屠宰率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率和腹脂率均无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）与Ⅰ组相比，Ⅱ~Ⅴ组肉鸡血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白含量以及总超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性均无显著差异（P>0.05），但血清尿酸含量有所降低（0.05<P<0.10）。Ⅱ组、Ⅳ组和Ⅴ组肉鸡血清中葡萄糖含量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05），但与Ⅲ组相比差异不显著（P>0.05）。与Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组相比，Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组肉鸡血清中丙二醛含量显著降低（P<0.05）。低蛋白质饲粮补充Val对肉鸡血清游离氨基酸含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。由此可见，低蛋白质饲粮补充Val能提高肉鸡生长性能和抗氧化能力。在本试验条件下，肉鸡获得最大ADG和最小F/G的饲粮Val/Lys推荐值分别为80.07%和81.03%。

关键词： 肉鸡; 缬氨酸; 生长性能; 血清指标; 血清游离氨基酸

本文引用格式

陈将, 刘国华, PIRZADO Shoaib Ahmed, 陈志敏, 郑爱娟, 常文环, 蔡辉益, 董晓丽 . 低蛋白质饲粮补充缬氨酸对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和血清指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(4) : 1604 -1612 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.04.017

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of valine (Val) supplementation in low-protein diets on growth performance, slaughter performance and serum indices of broilers. A total of 300 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups (groups Ⅰ to Ⅴ) with 6 replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate. The recommended levels of crude protein in diets for broilers in the starter (1 to 21 days of age) and grower (22 to 42 days of age) phases were 19.55% and 17.67%, respectively. The dietary lysine (Lys) levels were 1.17% and 1.01% for the starter and grower phases, respectively. Dietary Val/Lys ratios were supplied with 68%, 73%, 78%, 83% and 88% for the starter and grower phases, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) the Val supplementation in low-protein diets significantly increased the final body weight and average daily gain (P<0.05), but significantly decreased the feed/gain ratio (F/G) (P<0.05) of broilers from 1 to 42 days of age. When analyzed by quadratic regression model, the optimal Val/Lys ratios for ADG and F/G were 80.07% and 81.03%, respectively. 2) The Val supplementation in low-protein diets had no significantly different effects on slaughter rate, whole net carcass rate, breast muscle rate, leg muscle rate and abdominal fat rate of broilers (P>0.05). 3) Compared with group Ⅰ, the serum contents of total protein, albumin, globulin and the serum activates of total superoxide dismutase and catalase of broilers in groups Ⅱ to Ⅴ were not significantly different (P>0.05), but the serum uric acid content was decreased (0.05<P<0.10). The serum glucose content of broilers in groups Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ (P<0.05), but there was no significant differences compared with group Ⅲ (P>0.05). The serum malondialdehyde content of broilers in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ (P>0.05). The Val supplementation in low-protein diets had no significantly different effects on serum free amino acid contents of broilers (P>0.05). These results indicate that the Val supplementation in low-protein diets can improve the growth performance and antioxidant capacity of broilers. The recommended Val/Lys ratios to achieve maximum ADG and minimum F/G are 80.07% and 81.03%, respectively.

Key words： broilers; valine; growth performance; serum biochemical indices; serum free amino acids

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