动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 4: 1842 - 1849

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.04.043

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

蓝藻酸解产物成分及其饲用安全性研究

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  • 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 南京 210014
韩士群(1966-),男,江苏宿迁人,研究员,博士,从事蓝藻治理、资源化和水环境研究。E-mail:shqunh@126.com

收稿日期: 2018-09-14

  网络出版日期: 2019-04-16

基金资助

国家水专项课题（2017ZX07203001）；江苏省自主创新项目[CX（18）2027]

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Components and Feeding Safety of Cyanobacterial Acid Hydrolysate

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  • Institution of Agricultural Resource and Environmental Sciences, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China

Received date: 2018-09-14

  Online published: 2019-04-16

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摘要

为了利用太湖蓝藻的蛋白质资源，开发新型饲料产品，本试验采用盐酸水解法研究蓝藻酸解产物中氨基酸组成及残留的微囊藻毒素和重金属含量，并进行动物急性毒理试验，研究其饲用安全性。结果表明：蓝藻经盐酸水解14 h后，酸解产物中氨基酸种类达17种，氨基酸总量达52.63%，其中畜禽必需氨基酸总量为30.25%，微囊藻毒素-LR残留量为1.33 μg/kg。蓝藻酸解18 h产物中微囊藻毒素-LR残留量为0.90 μg/kg（低于饮用水限量标准1.0 μg/L），且微囊藻毒素-LR和微囊藻毒素-RR去除率均高于99.99%。蓝藻酸解14 h产物中重金属砷（As）、铅（Pb）、汞（Hg）、铬（Cr）的含量均远低于相关国家标准的限量。小鼠急性毒性试验、小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验测试的蓝藻酸解产物的饲用安全性结果表明：蓝藻酸解物的小鼠半致死剂量（LD50）>9.09 g/kg BW，属于实际无毒的毒性级别；微核试验和致畸试验检测结果均显示为阴性，蓝藻酸解产物无致突变性和无精子致畸性。由此得出，蓝藻酸解14 h产物的氨基酸总量超50%且畜禽易缺乏而常添加的赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、苏氨酸含量较高；蓝藻经酸解14 h以上，其产物中微囊藻毒素残留量接近饮用水限量标准，急性毒理评价为无毒、无致突变性、无精子致畸性。

关键词： 蓝藻; 酸解产物; 成分; 饲用安全性; 急性毒理

本文引用格式

韩士群, 徐玉娣, 周庆, 郭启金 . 蓝藻酸解产物成分及其饲用安全性研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(4) : 1842 -1849 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.04.043

Abstract

In order to utilize the protein resource of cyanobacteria from Taihu lake and develop new feed product, the amino acid composition, residual microcystin and heavy metal contents in cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate were analyzed by hydrochloric acid hydrolysis method. Meanwhile, the feeding safety of cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate was also studied by using animal acute toxicity test. The results showed as follows:after hydrolysis by hydrochloric acid for 14 h, a total of 17 kinds of amino acids were found in the cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate, and the total amino acid content reached to 52.63%, the livestock and poultry essential amino acid content was 30.25%, the microcystin-LR residual amount was 1.33 μg/kg. After hydrolysis by hydrochloric acid for 18 h, microcystin-LR residual amount in cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate was 0.90 μg/kg, which was lower than the standard limit of drinking water (1.0 μg/L), and the removal ratios of microcystin-LR and microcystin-RR were all higher than 99.99%. The contents of heavy metals[arsenic (As), plumbum (Pb), mercury (Hg) and chromium (Cr)] in the cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate was in conformity with relative national standards after hydrolysis by hydrochloric acid for 14 h. The feeding safety of cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate was tested by mouse acute toxicity test, mouse bone marrow cell micronucleus test and mouse sperm deformity test. The results showed that the half lethal dose (LD50) of cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate for mice was >9.09 g/kg BW, which belonged to actually non-toxic level. The results of micronucleus test and teratogenic test were negative, and the cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate showed no mutagenicity and no sperm teratogenicity. The results indicate that the total amino acid content exceeded 50% of cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate (cyanobacterial is hydrolyzed by hydrochloric acid for 14 h), and it contains lysine, methionine and threonine which are easily deficient and needed to be added for livestock and poultry. The residual amounts of microcystins in products are close to the standard limit of drinking water after acid hydrolysis for more than 14 h, and the acute toxicological evaluation shows that cyanobacterial acid hydrolysate is non-toxic, non-mutagenic and azoospermic teratogenicity.

Key words： cyanobacteria; acid hydrolysate; components; feeding safety; acute toxicity

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