内蒙古地区生鲜乳中体细胞数分析及其对产奶量、乳品质的影响

宋洁, 张三粉, 敖长金, 王丽芳

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.04.050

动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 4: 1904 - 1909

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.04.050

研究简报 Short Communications

内蒙古地区生鲜乳中体细胞数分析及其对产奶量、乳品质的影响

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1. 农业部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室, 内蒙古农牧业科学院, 呼和浩特 010031;
2. 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院, 呼和浩特 010018

宋洁(1988-),女,内蒙古呼和浩特人,助理研究员,博士研究生,研究方向为动物营养与生鲜乳质量安全。E-mail:596509223@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-09-17

网络出版日期: 2019-04-16

基金资助

国家农产品质量安全风险评估重大专项"生鲜乳中主要病原微生物耐药性评估"（GJFP201800803）；内蒙古农牧业科学院创新基金项目（2017CXJJM09）

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Analysis of Somatic Cell Count in Fresh Milk and Its Effects on Milk Production and Milk Quality in Inner Mongolia Region

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1. Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China;
2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China

Received date: 2018-09-17

Online published: 2019-04-16

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摘要

本试验旨在比较2017年内蒙古地区生鲜乳中的体细胞数与主要奶业国体细胞数标准，对比奶罐奶和散卖奶体细胞数，同时分析生鲜乳中的体细胞数与产奶量及乳成分间相关性，旨在为生鲜乳质量安全评定及控制提供参考依据。试验于2017年采集内蒙古地区9个盟市673批次生鲜乳样品，采用Foss Mickro-FT120乳成分分析仪测定生鲜乳中乳脂肪、乳蛋白、非脂乳固体、乳糖、总固体含量，同时采用丹麦Chemomete SCC-100体细胞仪进行体细胞计数。结果表明：1）2017年内蒙古地区生鲜乳中的体细胞数为37.7×10⁴个/mL，低于欧盟（40.0×10⁴个/mL）、新西兰（40.0×10⁴个/mL）、加拿大（50.0×10⁴个/mL）和美国（75.0×10⁴个/mL）的生鲜乳中体细胞限定值。2）家庭散养模式散卖奶中的体细胞数（55.8×10⁴个/mL）显著高于规模化牧场奶罐奶中的体细胞数（37.7×10⁴个/mL）（P<0.05）。3）生鲜乳中的体细胞数与产奶量呈极显著负相关（P<0.01），相关系数为-0.190；与乳脂肪含量之间无显著相关性（P>0.05）；与乳蛋白、乳糖、非脂乳固体及总固体含量之间存在极显著负相关（P<0.01），相关系数分别为-0.149、-0.295、-0.283、-0.115。由此可见，内蒙古地区生鲜乳中的体细胞数管控较好，达到甚至超过了欧美主要奶业国标准。家庭式散养方式生产的生鲜乳质量安全水平低于规模化养殖方式。生鲜乳中体细胞数增高会导致产奶量下降及乳品质的改变。

关键词： 内蒙古; 生鲜乳; 体细胞数; 产奶量; 乳品质

本文引用格式

宋洁, 张三粉, 敖长金, 王丽芳 . 内蒙古地区生鲜乳中体细胞数分析及其对产奶量、乳品质的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(4) : 1904 -1909 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.04.050

Abstract

The objective of the study was to compare the somatic cell count (SCC)in fresh milk in Inner Mongolia region at 2017 with the national SCC standard of main dairy country, as well as compare the SCC of canned milk with the scattered milk, and analyze the correlation between SCC in fresh milk and milk yield and milk composition, in order to provide reference for the quality safety assessment and control of fresh milk. The experiment collected 673 batches of fresh milk samples from 9 cities or leagues of Inner Mongolia region at 2017, the contents of milk fat, milk protein, non-fat milk solid, lactose and total solid of fresh milk were determined by Foss Mickro-FT120 milk component analyzer, and the Danish Chemomete SCC-100 somatic cell analyzer was used to count SCC. The results showed as follows:1) the SCC in fresh milk in Inner Mongolia region at 2017 was 37.7×10⁴ cells/mL, which was lower than that in European Union (40.0×10⁴ cells/mL), New Zealand (40.0×10⁴ cells/mL), Canada (50.0×10⁴ cells/mL) and America (75.0×10⁴ cells/mL). 2) The SCC in scattered milk in family rearing pattern (55.8×10⁴ cells/mL) was significantly higher than that in canned milk in the large-scale ranch (37.7×10⁴ cells/mL) (P<0.05). 3) There was a significant negative correlation between milk yield and SCC in fresh milk (P<0.01), and the correlation coefficient was -0.190; there was no significant correlation between SCC and milk fat content (P>0.05); but there were significant negative correlations between SCC and contents of milk protein, lactose, non-fat milk solid and total solid (P<0.01), and the correlation coefficients were -0.149, -0.295, -0.283 and -0.115, respectively. Therefore, the SCC in fresh milk in Inner Mongolia region are well regulated, and the SCC reaches or even exceeds the standard level of main dairy country in occident. The quality and safety level of fresh milk produced by family rearing pattern is lower than that of large-scale ranch. The increase of SCC in fresh milk will lead to a decrease in milk yield and changes the milk composition.

Key words： Inner Mongolia; fresh milk; somatic cell content; milk yield; milk quality

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