动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 5: 2088 - 2097

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.05.015

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

合生素替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道黏膜形态与免疫性能及结肠微生态的影响

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  • 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所, 畜禽育种国家重点实验室, 农业部华南动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 广东省动物育种与营养公共实验室, 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室, 广州 510640
温晓鹿(1986-),男,河北衡水人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为猪营养与饲料科学。E-mail:wenxiaolu@gdaas.cn

收稿日期: 2018-10-15

  网络出版日期: 2019-05-15

基金资助

国家十三五重点研发专项（2016YFD0500501）；广州市科技计划重点项目（201607020035）；国家生猪产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-35）；省级现代农业（畜禽健康养殖）产业技术研发中心建设项目

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Effects of Synbiotics Substitution of Antibiotics on Growth Performance, Intestinal Mucosal Morphology, Immune Performance and Colonic Microbial Ecosystem of Weaned Piglets

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  • Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Received date: 2018-10-15

  Online published: 2019-05-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究合生素替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道黏膜形态、空肠黏膜免疫因子含量和结肠内容物微生物组成的影响。选取72头21日龄的健康杜×长×大三元杂阉公猪，按体重分为3组，每组6个重复，每个重复4头仔猪。抗生素组饲喂添加抗生素的饲粮，试验组分别添加500（0.05%）、1 000 mg/kg（0.10%）的合生素替代抗生素。试验期为28 d，分为2个阶段（第1~14天和第15~28天）。结果表明：1）各组间不同阶段的平均日增重（ADG）、平均日采食量（ADFI）、料重比（F/G）和腹泻频率均没有显著差异（P>0.05），但0.05%合生素组第1~14天的平均日增重与抗生素组相比有提高的趋势（P=0.07）。2）0.05%、0.10%合生素组空肠绒毛高度显著高于抗生素组（P<0.05）；十二指肠、空肠、回肠隐窝深度各组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。3）0.05%、0.10%合生素组空肠黏膜中白细胞介素-4（IL-4）的含量显著高于抗生素组（P<0.05）；空肠黏膜中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、干扰素-γ（INF-γ）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6）的含量各组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。4）与抗生素组相比，0.05%合生素组结肠内容物中乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量显著增加（P<0.05），0.10%合生素组结肠内容物中双歧杆菌的数量显著增加（P<0.05）；结肠内容物中总细菌和大肠杆菌的数量各组之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。由此可见，饲粮中添加合生素替代抗生素不会降低断奶仔猪的生长性能，还可控制腹泻，提高空肠绒毛高度和免疫性能，维持肠道微生态平衡，其适宜添加量为0.05%。

关键词： 合生素; 断奶仔猪; 生长性能; 肠道黏膜免疫; 肠道黏膜形态; 肠道微生态

本文引用格式

温晓鹿, 王丽, 杨雪芬, 高开国, 蒋宗勇, 胡友军 . 合生素替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、肠道黏膜形态与免疫性能及结肠微生态的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(5) : 2088 -2097 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.05.015

Abstract

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of synbiotics substitution of antibiotics on growth performance, intestinal mucosal morphology, jejunal mucosal immune immunological cytokine contents and colon contents microbial composition of weaned piglets. A total of 72 Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire weaned piglets were allotted randomly to 3 groups with 6 replicates and 4 piglets per replicate. The groups consisted of antibiotic group received diet supplemental antibiotics, and experiment groups were fed the diet supplemented with 500 (0.05%) and 1 000 mg/kg (0.10%) synbiotics, respectively. The whole trial lasted for 28 days, which was divided into two stages (days 1 to 14 and days 15 to 28). The results showed as follows: 1) there were no significant differences in average daily weight gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed/gain (F/G) and diarrhea frequency in each stage among all groups (P>0.05), but there was an increase trend for ADG on days 1 to 14 of piglets in 0.05% synbiotics group compared with antibiotic group (P=0.07). 2) The villus height of jejunum in 0.05% and 0.10% synbiotics groups was significantly higher than that in antibiotic group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in crypt depth of duodenum, jejunum and ileum among all groups (P>0.05). 3) Compared with antibiotic group, the interleukin-4 (IL-4) content in jejunum mucosa of piglets in 0.05% and 0.10% synbiotics groups was significantly increased (P<0.05). The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (INF-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in jejunum mucosa of piglets were not significantly different among all groups (P>0.05). 4) Compared with antibiotic group, the populations of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium in colonic contents of piglets in 0.05% synbiotics group were significantly increased (P<0.05), the population of Bifidobacterium in colonic contents of piglets in 0.10% synbiotics group was significantly increased (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the populations of total bacteria and Escherichia coli in colonic contents of piglets among all groups (P>0.05). In conclusion, dietary synbiotics substitution of antibiotic not only does not decrease the growth performance of piglets, but also can control the diarrhea, increase the jejunal villus height, improve the immunity performance, and maintain the intestinal microbial ecosystem balance; the suitable dosage is 0.05%.

Key words： synbiotics; weaned piglets; growth performance; intestinal mucosal immune; intestinal mucosal morphology; intestinal microbial ecosystem

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