动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 5: 2303 - 2312

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.05.037

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

山茱萸果核对奶山羊泌乳性能、乳脂肪酸组成及乳腺脂质代谢相关基因表达的影响

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  • 1. 河南牧业经济学院动物科技学院, 河南省非常规饲料资源创新利用重点实验室, 河南省反刍动物营养与饲料资源开发国际联合实验室, 郑州 450046;
    2. 西北农林科技大学动物科技学院, 杨凌 712100
李君(1985-),女,河南虞城人,讲师,博士,研究方向为反刍动物泌乳调控。E-mail:lijun.nn@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-10-30

  网络出版日期: 2019-05-15

基金资助

河南省高等学校重点科研项目（17A230012）；国家自然科学基金项目（31601915）

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Effects of Fructus Corni Fruit Core on Lactation Performance, Milk Fatty Acid Composition and Expression of Lipid Metabolism Related Genes in Mammary Gland of Dairy Goats

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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Henan Key Laboratory of Innovative Utilization for Unconventional Feed Resources, International Joint Laboratory of Ruminant Nutrition and Feed Resources Development in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450046, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China

Received date: 2018-10-30

  Online published: 2019-05-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加山茱萸果核对奶山羊泌乳性能、乳脂肪酸组成及乳腺脂质代谢相关基因表达的影响。选取2胎次、泌乳天数[（20±7） d]相近、体重相近的奶山羊50只，随机分为2组，分别饲喂基础饲粮（对照组）和基础饲粮+1%山茱萸果核（试验组），每组5个重复，每个重复5只羊。预试期10 d，正试期45 d。试验过程中记录奶山羊产奶量，试验结束时颈静脉采血进行血清生化指标分析，采集奶样测定乳成分，同时采集奶样和乳腺组织样品，利用气相色谱法和实时荧光定量PCR分别测定乳中脂肪酸组成及乳腺组织中脂质代谢相关基因的表达量。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，试验组奶山羊血清中谷草转氨酶（AST）活性与总蛋白（TP）和白蛋白（ALB）含量显著或极显著升高（P<0.05或P<0.01），其余血清生化指标均无显著变化（P>0.05）。2）试验组奶山羊产奶量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；与对照组相比，试验组乳脂率和乳总固形物含量极显著降低（P<0.01），而乳蛋白率和乳糖率无显著变化（P>0.05）。3）试验组奶山羊乳中短中链脂肪酸中C4：0、C6：0、C8：0、C10：0，饱和脂肪酸中C14：0、C16：0、C20：0以及多不饱和脂肪酸中C18：3n6的含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05），而单不饱和脂肪酸中C15：1的含量则显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。4）与对照组相比，饲粮添加山茱萸果核显著上调了乳腺组织中乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）和甘油三酯水解酶（ATGL）的相对表达量（P<0.05），显著下调了硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶1（SCD1）的相对表达量（P<0.05），对脂肪酸合酶（FASN）、超长链脂肪酸延伸酶6（ELOVL6）、二脂酰甘油酰基转移酶2（DGAT2）和固醇调节元件结合蛋白1（SREBP1）的相对表达量没有显著影响（P>0.05）。由此得出，饲粮中添加山茱萸果核可提高奶山羊的产奶量，对乳脂率有显著的抑制作用；山茱萸果核可通过促进乳中短中链脂肪酸的合成，调控乳腺中ACC、SCD1和ATGL基因的表达，改善奶山羊乳品质。

关键词： 山茱萸果核; 奶山羊; 脂肪酸; 基因表达

本文引用格式

李君, 赵金艳, 哈斯通拉嘎, 刘太宇, 杨文卓, 邬娇, 权凯 . 山茱萸果核对奶山羊泌乳性能、乳脂肪酸组成及乳腺脂质代谢相关基因表达的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(5) : 2303 -2312 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.05.037

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adding fructus corni fruit core on lactation performance, milk fatty acid composition and expression of lipid metabolism related genes in mammary gland of dairy goats. Fifty dairy goats with two parities, similar lactation days[(20±7) days]and similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into two groups, and the goats in the two groups were fed a basal diet (control group) and the basal diet+1% fructus corni fruit core (trial group), respectively. Each group had five replicates with five goats per replicate. The duration of preliminary experiment and formal experiment were 10 days and 45 days, respectively. Milk yield was measured during the experiment. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from jugular vein for serum biochemical indexes analysis. Milk samples were collected for measuring milk composition. In addition, milk and mammary gland samples were collected, and the fatty acid composition in goat milk and the expression of lipid metabolism related genes in the mammary gland were determined by gas chromatography and real time quantitative PCR, respectively. The results showed as follows: 1) the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, total protein (TP)and albumin (ALB) contents in serum of the trial group were significantly increased compared with the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but there were no significant changes in other biochemical indexes in serum (P>0.05). 2) The milk yield of the trial group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the milk fat percentage and milk solids content of the trial group were significantly decreased (P<0.01), while the milk protein percentage and lactose percentage did not significantly change (P>0.05). 3) The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acid C18:3n6, short and medium-chain fatty acids C4:0, C6:0, C8:0 and C10:0, and saturated fatty acids C14:0, C16:0 and C20:0 in goat milk of the trial group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), while the content of monounsaturated fatty acid C15:1 was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, the addition of fructus corni fruit core significantly up-regulated the relative expression levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) in the mammary gland (P<0.05), and significantly down-regulated the relative expression levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on the relative expression levels of diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2), fatty acid synthase (FASN), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and elongase of very long chain fatty acid 6 (ELOVL6) (P>0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of fructus corni fruit core can increase milk yield of dairy goats, but it significantly inhibits the milk fat percentage. Fructus corni can regulate the expression of ACC, SCD1 and ATGL genes in the mammary gland and improve the milk quality of dairy goats by promoting the synthesis of short and medium-chain fatty acids in milk.

Key words： fructus corni fruit core; dairy goat; fatty acid; gene expression

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