动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 6: 2589 - 2596

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.018

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

持续热应激对生长猪生长性能和脂质代谢相关激素、酶及产物的影响

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  • 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 动物营养学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
张闯(1992-),男,河南信阳人,硕士研究生,从事应激生理与畜产品品质研究。E-mail:18241653656@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-12-02

  网络出版日期: 2019-06-17

基金资助

国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0500501）；动物营养学国家重点实验室自主研究课题（2004DA125184G1602）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIP-IAS07）

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Effects of Constant Heat Stress on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism-Related Hormones, Enzymes and Products in Growing Pigs

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  • State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2018-12-02

  Online published: 2019-06-17

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摘要

本试验旨在研究持续热应激对生长猪生长性能、血浆甲状腺激素分泌和脂质代谢的影响。选取体况接近、体重[（40.84±2.67）kg]相近的健康大白阉公猪27头，采用单因素试验设计，随机分为3组（每组9头）：适温对照组饲养于23℃环控舱中，自由采食；热应激组饲养于33℃环控舱中，自由采食；采食量配对组饲养于23℃环控舱中，根据热应激组的采食量进行饲喂。试验期21 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，热应激组猪的末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量显著降低（P<0.05），料重比显著升高（P<0.05）。而热应激组与采食量配对组相比，上述指标则无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）与对照组相比，热应激组血浆甲状腺素（T4）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）含量均显著降低（P<0.05）；而与采食量配对组相比，在试验第3天，仅热应激组血浆T4的含量显著降低（P<0.05）；在试验第21天，热应激组仅血浆FT3的含量显著降低（P<0.05）。3）与对照组和采食量配对组相比，在试验第3天，热应激组血浆中总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著升高（P<0.05），甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和游离脂肪酸含量差异不显著（P>0.05）；在试验第21天，热应激组血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著升高（P<0.05），游离脂肪酸含量有升高趋势（P=0.09），其余指标差异不显著（P>0.05）。4）与对照组相比，热应激组猪肝脏中脂肪酸合成酶、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶、激素敏感脂酶和脂蛋白脂酶的活性均显著降低（P<0.05）。而与采食量配对组相比，热应激组猪肝脏中4种酶的活性均无显著差异（P>0.05）。由此可见，持续热应激可使猪血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量升高，肝脏脂肪合成和分解酶活性降低，进而造成肝脏脂质代谢的紊乱。

关键词： 热应激; 脂质代谢; 肝脏; 生长性能; 生长猪

本文引用格式

张闯, 辛海瑞, 郝月, 顾宪红 . 持续热应激对生长猪生长性能和脂质代谢相关激素、酶及产物的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(6) : 2589 -2596 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.018

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of constant heat stress on the growth performance, the secretion of thyroid hormone in plasma, and lipid metabolism of growing pigs. A single-factor experimental design was used. Twenty-seven healthy growing large white barrows with similar body weight[(40.84±2.67) kg] were assigned into three groups (9 in each group):thermal-neutral control group (TN group) (in 23℃ environmental control chamber, fed ad libitum), heat stress group (HS group) (in 33℃ environmental control chamber, fed ad libitum) and pair-fed in TN condition group (PFTN group) (in 23℃ environmental control chamber, fed diets according to the feed intake of HS group). The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with TN group, final weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake in HS group significantly decreased (P<0.05), while the feed/gain significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with PFTN group, no significance differences in above indexes were found (P>0.05). 2) Compared with TN group, thyroxine (T4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) contents in plasma in HS group significantly decreased (P<0.05); on day 3 of experiment, T4 content in plasma in HS group significantly decreased compared with PFTN group (P<0.05); on day 21 of experiment, FT3 content in plasma in HS group significantly decreased compared with PFTN group (P<0.05). 3) On day 3 of experiment, plasma total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterin contents in HS group were significantly higher than those in TN and PFTN groups (P<0.05). However, plasma triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterin and free fatty acid contents were similar between groups (P>0.05); on day 21 of experiment, plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterin content also significantly increased (P<0.05), and free fatty acids content tended to increase in HS group compared with TN and PFTN groups. (P=0.09). 4)Compared with TN group, the activities of fatty acid synthase, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, hormone-sensitive lipase and lipoprotein lipase in HS group significantly decreased (P<0.05). But no significancet differences in the activities of these enzymes were detected between HS and PFTN groups (P>0.05). The results suggest that constant heat stress can increase the content of low-density lipoprotein cholesterin content in plasma, decrease the activity of lipid synthesis and decomposing enzyme in liver, and then cause the disorder of lipid metabolism in liver.

Key words： heat stress; lipid metabolism; liver; growth performance; growing pigs

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