动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 6: 2625 - 2633

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.022

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

γ-氨基丁酸对夏季热应激鸡下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的调控作用

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  • 1. 安徽农业大学动物科技学院, 合肥 230036;
    2. 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 合肥 230031
骞守法(1993-),男,河南南阳人,硕士研究生,从事畜禽营养代谢与中毒病的研究。E-mail:873283195@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-11-14

  网络出版日期: 2019-06-17

基金资助

安徽省重点研发计划项目（1804a07020135）；国家现代产业（蛋鸡）技术体系（CARS-41-K19）

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Regulation of γ-Aminobutyric Acid on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis of Heat-Stressed Chickens In Summer

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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
    2. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China

Received date: 2018-11-14

  Online published: 2019-06-17

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摘要

本试验旨在研究γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）对夏季热应激鸡下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的调控作用及其机制。选择120羽28日龄淮南麻黄母鸡，随机分为4个组，每组5个重复，每个重复6羽鸡。Ⅰ组（对照组）饲喂基础饲粮，Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别在基础饲粮中添加50、100和150 mg/kg GABA。预试期7 d，正试期30 d。每日记录鸡舍内温度、相对湿度及各组鸡耗料量。第10、20和30天，每组随机抽取5羽鸡，称重后采集血清，检测血清中促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRH）、促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、皮质酮（Cor）、热休克蛋白70（HSP70）和GABA含量；Ⅰ、Ⅲ组鸡断头取脑，检测脑组织中GABA含量。结果表明：1）第10、20、30天时，Ⅲ组的直肠温度显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。2）第21~30天，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的平均日采食量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。第1~10天、第11~20天和第21~30天，Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的平均日增重显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。3）第10天时，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清中CRH含量显著或极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；第30天时，Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清中CRH含量显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。第10、30天时，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清中ACTH含量显著或极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；第20天时，Ⅲ组血清中ACTH含量显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。第10天时，Ⅲ组血清中Cor含量显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；第30天时，Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清中Cor含量均极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.01）。4）第10、30天时，Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清中HSP70含量显著或极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；第20天时，Ⅲ组血清中HSP70含量极显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.01）。5）第10天时，Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清中GABA含量显著或极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05或P<0.01）；第20、30天时，Ⅳ组血清中GABA含量极显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.01）。6）第10、30天时，Ⅲ组脑组织中GABA含量显著高于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）。由此可见，饲粮中添加GABA降低了夏季热应激鸡的直肠温度及血清中CRH、ACTH、Cor、HSP70含量，其中以Ⅲ组效果最佳。GABA具有抑制夏季热应激鸡HPA轴激素分泌的功能。

关键词： &gamma; -氨基丁酸; 淮南麻黄鸡; 热应激; 下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴

本文引用格式

骞守法, 姜丹, 马玉莹, 李新路, 魏静, 陈津峡, 杨笑笑, 吴金节, 詹凯, 李锦春 . γ-氨基丁酸对夏季热应激鸡下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的调控作用[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(6) : 2625 -2633 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.022

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of heat-stressed chickens in summer and its mechanism. One hundred and twenty 28-day-old Huainan partridge female chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 replicates per group and 6 chickens per replicate. Chickens in group Ⅰ (control group) were fed a basal diet, and others in groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed the basal diets supplemented with 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg GABA, respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 7 days, and the experimental period lasted for 30 days. The temperature and relative humidity of the house and the feed consumption of chickens in each group were recorded daily. On day 10, 20 and 30, five chickens were randomly selected from each group, after weighing, serum was collected to detect the contents of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adreno-cortico-tropic-hormone (ACTH), corticotropin (Cor), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and GABA; the brain was taken from chickens of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ to detect the content of GABA in brain tissue. The results showed as follows:1) on day 10, 20 and 30, the rectal temperature of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 2) During day 21 to 30, the average daily feed intake of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). During day 1 to 10, day 11 to 20 and day 21 to 30, the average daily gain of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 3) On day 10, the serum CRH content of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01); on day 30, the serum CRH content of groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). On day 10 and 30, the serum ACTH content of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01); on day 20, the serum ACTH content of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). On day 10, the serum Cor content of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05); on day 30, the serum Cor content of groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.01). 4) On day 10 and 30, the serum HSP70 content of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01); on day 20, the serum HSP70 content of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.01). 5) On day 10, the serum GABA content of groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05 or P<0.01); on day 20 and 30, the serum GABA content of group Ⅳ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.01). 6) On day 10 and 30, the brain tissue GABA content of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅰ (P<0.05). In conclusion, dietary GABA reduce the rectal temperature and contents of CRH, ACTH, Cor and HSP70 in serum of chickens, and group Ⅲ has the best effect. GABA has the function of inhibiting the secretion of HPA axis hormones of heat-stressed chickens in summer.

Key words： GABA; Huainan partridge chickens; heat stress; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

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