动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 6: 2682 - 2692

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.029

反刍与草食动物营养 Ruminant and herbivore nutrition

不同中性洗涤纤维来源饲粮对荷斯坦公犊牛生长性能、消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响

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  • 1. 中国农业科学院饲料研究所, 农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室, 奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室, 北京 100081;
    2. 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院, 兰州 730070;
    3. 中国农业大学动物科学技术学院, 北京 100193;
    4. 河南农业大学牧医工程学院, 郑州 450002
马满鹏(1993-),男,甘肃天水人,硕士研究生,从事遗传育种与繁殖专业研究。E-mail:2322735502@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-11-28

  网络出版日期: 2019-06-17

基金资助

奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队（BAIC06-2018）；中国农业科学院科技创新工程协同创新任务——"奶牛绿色养殖技术集成创新"（CAAS-XTCX2016011-01）；河南省科技开放合作项目——"奶牛后备牛日粮氨基酸模式研究"（182106000035）

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Effects of Dietary Different Neutral Detergent Fiber Sources on Growth Performance, Digestion and Metabolism and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Holstein Male Calves

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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
    3. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    4. College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Received date: 2018-11-28

  Online published: 2019-06-17

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摘要

本试验在饲粮中性洗涤纤维（NDF）水平相同的条件下，研究以苜蓿干草（AH）或大豆皮（SH）为主要NDF来源的全混合日粮对荷斯坦公犊牛生长性能、消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响。选取30头105日龄的荷斯坦公犊牛，按照随机区组设计分成2组，每组15头，分别饲喂AH和SH为主要NDF来源的全混合日粮。预试期15 d，正试期60 d。结果表明：1）试验全期（120~180日龄），SH饲粮组犊牛的料重比显著低于AH饲粮组（P<0.05）；120~135日龄时，SH饲粮组犊牛的平均日增重显著高于AH饲粮组（P<0.05）。2）170日龄时，SH饲粮组犊牛的粪排出量、粪能、尿能和粪氮显著低于AH饲粮组（P<0.05），SH饲粮组犊牛的干物质、有机物、NDF和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著高于AH饲粮组（P<0.05），SH饲粮组犊牛的总能表观消化率、总能代谢率、消化能代谢率、沉积氮、氮沉积率和氮表观消化率显著高于AH饲粮组（P<0.05）。3）180日龄时，SH饲粮组犊牛的血清β-羟丁酸含量显著低于AH饲粮组（P<0.05）。综上所述，SH是120~180日龄荷斯坦公犊牛较好的NDF来源，能够满足犊牛对营养物质的需要，相比AH饲粮，饲喂SH饲粮能够提高犊牛的营养物质表观消化率及能量和氮的利用率。

关键词： 荷斯坦公犊牛; 中性洗涤纤维; 大豆皮; 苜蓿干草; 消化代谢; 血清生化指标

本文引用格式

马满鹏, 王炳, 屠焰, 毕研亮, 付彤, 成述儒, 刁其玉 . 不同中性洗涤纤维来源饲粮对荷斯坦公犊牛生长性能、消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(6) : 2682 -2692 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.029

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of total mixed ration with different neutral detergent fiber (NDF) sources of alfalfa hay (AH) and soybean hulls (SH) on growth performance, digestion and metabolism and serum biochemical indexes of Holstein male calves at the same dietary NDF level. Thirty Holstein male calves at 105 days of age were selected and divided into 2 groups according to the randomized block design, and with 15 calves in each group, feeding total mixed ration with AH and SH as NDF source, respectively. The pre-experimental period lasted for 15 days, and the experimental period lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows:1) during the whole experimental period (120 to 180 days of age), the ratio of feed to gain of calves of SH diet group was significantly lower than that of AH diet group (P<0.05); during 120 to 135 days of age, the average daily gain of calves of SH diet group was significantly higher than that of AH diet group (P<0.05). 2) On 170 days of age, the fecal output, fecal energy, urine energy, methane energy and fecal nitrogen of calves of SH diet group were significantly lower than those of AH diet group (P<0.05), the apparent digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, NDF and acid detergent fiber of calves of SH diet group were significantly higher than those of AH diet group (P<0.05), the gross energy apparent digestibility, gross energy metabolism rate, digestive energy metabolic rate, retained nitrogen, nitrogen deposition rate and nitrogen apparent digestibility of calves of SH diet group were significantly higher than those of AH diet group (P<0.05). 3) On 180 days of age, the serum β-hydroxybutyric acid content of calves of SH diet group was significantly lower than that of AH diet group (P<0.05). In summary, the SH is a good source of NDF for Holstein male calves during 120 to 180 days of age, compared with AH diet, SH diet can promote the nutrient apparent digestibility and utilization rate of energy and nitrogen of calves.

Key words： Holstein male calves; neutral detergent fiber; soybean hull; alfalfa hay; digestion and metabolism; serum biochemical indexes

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