不同饲粮能量结构对后备母猪初情日龄、血清代谢产物和激素浓度的影响

林长光, 刘景, 刘亚轩, 方桂友, 缪伏荣, 叶鼎承, 李忠荣, 董志岩

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.050

动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 6: 2891 - 2897

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.050

研究简报 Short Communications

不同饲粮能量结构对后备母猪初情日龄、血清代谢产物和激素浓度的影响

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1. 福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所, 福州 350013;
2. 福建光华百斯特生态农牧发展有限公司, 福州 350003

林长光(1967-),男,福建闽侯人,研究员,博士,主要从事养猪生产和猪饲料的研究。E-mail:1287094615@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-11-16

网络出版日期: 2019-06-17

基金资助

福建省科技重大专项专题（2012NZ0003-3）；福建省公益类科研院所基本科研专项（2015R1023-4）

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Effects of Different Dietary Energy Structures on Age of Puberty, Serum Metabolite and Hormone Concentrations of Replacement Gilts

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1. Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China;
2. Fujian Guanghua Best Eco-Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350003, China

Received date: 2018-11-16

Online published: 2019-06-17

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摘要

本试验旨在探讨不同饲粮能量结构对后备母猪初情日龄、血清代谢产物和激素浓度的影响。选用90头体况相近、平均体重为（61.97±4.37）kg的长白×大白杂交后备母猪，根据体重相近的原则均衡分成3组，每组5个重复，每个重复6头。3组母猪饲喂3种不同能量结构的等能等氮饲粮，其中组1饲粮含有49.70%淀粉、2.81%粗脂肪（EE）和8.95%中性洗涤纤维（NDF），组2饲粮含有43.52%淀粉、5.68% EE和12.53% NDF，组3饲粮含有37.13%淀粉、8.73% EE和16.02% NDF。预饲5 d后开始试验，在猪群第1个个体出现发情后的1个月结束试验，试验期68 d。结果表明：随着饲粮淀粉水平的降低和EE、NDF水平的增加，后备母猪背膘厚呈下降趋势，但组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；初情日龄以组1最小，但3组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；发情率组1和组2比组3均提高10百分点，但组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。不同饲粮能量结构对后备母猪血清甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）和葡萄糖（GLU）浓度无显著影响（P>0.05）。血清胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ（IGF-Ⅰ）、瘦素（Leptin）、促黄体素（LH）浓度组1显著高于组3（P<0.05），血清促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）浓度组1显著高于组2和组3（P<0.05）。血清胰岛素（INS）、雌二醇（E₂）和促卵泡素（FSH）浓度各组间无显著差异（P>0.05）。综上可知，过多降低后备母猪饲粮淀粉水平并增加EE、NDF水平，会影响血清中代谢激素IGF-Ⅰ、Leptin和生殖激素GnRH、LH的分泌，不利于初情期启动。

关键词： 能量结构; 后备母猪; 初情日龄; 代谢产物; 激素分泌

本文引用格式

林长光, 刘景, 刘亚轩, 方桂友, 缪伏荣, 叶鼎承, 李忠荣, 董志岩 . 不同饲粮能量结构对后备母猪初情日龄、血清代谢产物和激素浓度的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(6) : 2891 -2897 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.06.050

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary energy structures on age of puberty, serum metabolite and hormone concentrations of replacement gilts. Ninety Landrace×Large White replacement gilts with an initial body weight of (61.97±4.37) kg and similar body condition were allocated to 3 groups with 5 replicates per group and 6 gilts per replicate. Gilts in the 3 groups were fed three different energy structure diets of iso-energetic and iso-nitrogenous. The diet of group 1 contained 49.70% starch, 2.81% ether extract (EE) and 8.95% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), the diet of group 2 contained 43.52% starch, 5.68% EE and 12.53% NDF, and the diet of group 3 contained 37.13% starch, 8.73% EE and 16.02% NDF. The results showed that with the decrease of starch and the increase of EE and NDF in diets, backfat thickness of gilts had trended down, but the difference was not significant among groups (P>0.05); the age of puberty in group 1 was the least, but the difference was not significant among groups (P>0.05); the estrus ratio in groups 1 and 2 was 10 percentage points higher than that in group 3, but the difference was not significant among groups (P>0.05). The serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and glucose concentrations were not significantly affected by different dietary energy structures (P>0.05). The serum insulin growth factor-Ⅰ, leptin and luteinizing hormone concentrations in group 1 were significantly higher than those in group 3 (P<0.05), and the serum gonadotropin-releasing hormone concentration in group 1 was significantly higher than that in groups 2 and 3 (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum insulin, estradiol and follicle-stimulating concentrations among groups (P>0.05). The results indicate that excessively decreasing the starch level and increasing the levels of EE and NDF in diets have effects on the secretion of serum metabolic hormones insulin growth factor-Ⅰ, leptin and serum reproductive hormone luteinizing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and go against the onset of puberty of gilts.

Key words： energy structure; replacement gilts; age of puberty; metabolites; hormone secretion

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