动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 7: 3143 - 3155

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.07.025

反刍与草食动物营养 Ruminant and herbivore nutrition

过瘤胃葡萄糖对围产期奶牛空肠微生物群落和黏膜代谢及免疫相关基因表达的影响

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  • 1. 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 畜禽养殖污染控制与资源化技术国家工程实验室, 湖南省畜禽健康养殖工程技术中心, 农业部中南动物营养与饲料科学观测实验站, 长沙 410125;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
张小丽(1993-),女,重庆人,硕士研究生,从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail:1012972825@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-12-29

  网络出版日期: 2019-07-19

基金资助

国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0501206）；湖南省科技重大专项项目（2017NK1020）

收起

Effects of Rumen-Protected Glucose on Jejunal Bacterial Community and Expression of Genes Involved in Mucosal Metabolism and Immune of Dairy Cows in Transition Period

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  • 1. Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central of Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received date: 2018-12-29

  Online published: 2019-07-19

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摘要

本试验旨在探究过瘤胃葡萄糖对围产期奶牛空肠微生物群落和黏膜代谢及免疫相关基因表达的影响。选择10头围产期荷斯坦奶牛[4~5岁、体重（515±42）kg]随机分为2组，每组5头。对照组和过瘤胃葡萄糖组奶牛饲喂相同的基础饲粮，同时对照组每头每日给予90 g过瘤胃脂肪，过瘤胃葡萄糖组每头每日给予200 g过瘤胃葡萄糖。预试期14 d（产前第21天到产前第8天），正试期21 d（产前第7天到产后第14天）。正式期结束后，将所有奶牛（10头）屠宰并取空肠食糜样品，测定其中挥发性脂肪酸的含量和微生物群落；同时取空肠黏膜样品，进行代谢及免疫相关基因表达分析。结果显示：与对照组相比，添加过瘤胃葡萄糖有降低空肠食糜中总挥发性脂肪酸含量的趋势（P=0.094）。与对照组相比，添加过瘤胃葡萄糖有上调空肠黏膜中葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）表达量的趋势（P=0.063），有下调Toll样受体4（TLR4）（P=0.063）、白细胞介素-17A（IL-17A）（P=0.063）和白细胞介素-26（IL-26）（P=0.063）表达量的趋势，同时显著性地上调了丙酮酸羧化酶（PC）（P=0.016）、闭合蛋白（occludin）（P=0.016）和胰岛素生长因子结合蛋白5（IGFBP5）（P=0.032）的表达量，显著性地下调了白细胞介素-22（IL-22）（P=0.016）、基质金属蛋白酶1（MMP1）（P=0.016）和基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP9）（P=0.032）的表达量。此外，与对照组相比，添加过瘤胃葡萄糖显著性地增加了空肠食糜中梭菌属ⅪⅤ子集的数量（P=0.036）。由此可见，围产期奶牛饲粮中添加过瘤胃葡萄糖可以改善葡萄糖在机体的代谢以及提高免疫力，同时促进免疫相关有益菌梭菌属ⅪⅤ子集的定植，从而缓解围产期能量负平衡导致的不良影响。

关键词： 围产期; 奶牛; 空肠; 基因表达; 代谢; 免疫; 微生物

本文引用格式

张小丽, 吴建, 韩雪峰, 谭支良, 焦金真 . 过瘤胃葡萄糖对围产期奶牛空肠微生物群落和黏膜代谢及免疫相关基因表达的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(7) : 3143 -3155 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.07.025

Abstract

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of rumen-protected glucose (RPG) on jejunal bacterial community and expression of genes involved in mucosal metabolism and immune of dairy cows in transition period. Ten lactating Holstein dairy cattle aged 4 to 5 years and body weight of (515±42) kg were randomly divided into two groups, and each group had 5 cows. Cows in control (CON) group and RPG group were fed the same basal diet, and cows in CON group were given 90 g rumen-protected fat per day and per cow, while cows in RPG group were given 200 g RPG per day and per cow. The pre-test was 14 days (from day 21 to 8 of prepartum), and the test was 21 days (from day 7 of prepartum to day 14 of postpartum). After the test, all cows (10 cows) were slaughtered, and jejunal chyme samples were taken from mid-jejunum to measure volatile fatty acid (VFA) and bacterial community; the jejunal mucosa samples were taken to analyze the expression of genes involved in mucosal metabolism and immune. The results showed that RPG supplementation tended to decrease (P=0.094) the total VFA content in jejunal chyme compared with CON group. Compared with CON group, RPG supplementation significantly up-regulated or tended to up-regulate the expression levels of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) (P=0.063), pyruvic carboxylase (PC) (P=0.016), occludin (P=0.016) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 (IGFBP5) (P=0.032)in jejunal mucosa, while significantly down-regulated or tended to down-regulated the expression levels of interleukin-22 (IL-22) (P=0.016), matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) (P=0.016), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) (P=0.032), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) (P=0.063), interleukin-17A (IL-17A) (P=0.063)and interleukin-26 (IL-26) (P=0.063) in jejunal mucosa. Concurrently, an increase in the population of Clostridial cluster ⅪⅤ was observed in the RPG group compared with CON group (P=0.036). In conclusion, dietary supplemented with RPG can improve the glucose metabolism, enhance the immunity and promote the colonization of beneficial Clostridial cluster ⅪⅤ in jejunum of dairy cows in transition period, and then alleviate the harmful effects caused by negative energy balance in transition period promote and alleviate local inflammation.

Key words： transition period; dairy cows; jejunum; gene expression; metabolism; immune; microflora

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