动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 7: 3156 - 3163

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.07.026

反刍与草食动物营养 Ruminant and herbivore nutrition

不同泌乳量奶牛行为学差异及其与泌乳性能的相关性

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  • 1. 奶牛营养学北京市重点实验室, 北京农学院动物科学技术学院, 北京 102206;
    2. 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所, 北京 100193
吴富鑫(1995-),男,山东济宁人,硕士研究生,研究方向为奶牛营养与免疫。E-mail:2996440432@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-01-09

  网络出版日期: 2019-07-19

基金资助

"十三五"国家重点研发项目（2016YFD0700201，2016YFD0700205，2017YFD0701604）；北京市现代农业产业技术体系奶牛创新团队项目

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Behavioral Differences of Different Milk Yield Dairy Cows and Its Correlation with Lactation Performance

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  • 1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cattle Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China;
    2. Beijing Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China

Received date: 2019-01-09

  Online published: 2019-07-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究不同泌乳量奶牛的行为学差异，并分析奶牛行为学与泌乳性能的相关性。选择24头泌乳中期[（114.6±7.5）d]中国荷斯坦奶牛，平均体重为（670±24）kg，胎次为（2.6±0.4）胎，分为高产组[泌乳量（31.90±1.76）kg/d]和低产组[泌乳量（19.30±1.76）kg/d]，每组12头。通过24 h视频监控系统、精准饲喂系统及计步器等，观察和统计奶牛48 h内采食（采食量、采食时间、采食次数、反刍时间、反刍次数）、饮水（饮水时间、饮水次数）、运动（躺卧时间、躺卧次数、站立/游走时间、游走步数）等参数，研究奶牛行为学与泌乳量的相关性。结果表明：1）低产组奶牛的乳蛋白率极显著高于高产组奶牛（P<0.01），低产组奶牛的乳脂产量、乳蛋白产量和乳糖率显著或极显著低于高产组奶牛（P<0.01）。2）高产组奶牛的干物质采食量、饮水时间和饮水次数显著或极显著高于低产组奶牛（P<0.05或P<0.01），高产组奶牛的游走步数极显著低于低产组奶牛（P<0.01）。3）总泌乳量与干物质采食量（r=0.829，P<0.01）、饮水时间（r=0.473，P<0.05）、饮水次数（r=0.429，P<0.05）呈正相关，而与游走步数（r=-0.574，P<0.01）呈负相关。综上所述，奶牛行为学与泌乳量之间存在相关性，这些行为的差异，可为寻找通过改变行为学提高奶牛产奶性能的方法提供理论依据。

关键词： 奶牛; 行为学; 泌乳量; 皮尔森相关分析

本文引用格式

吴富鑫, 童津津, 张华, 方洛云, 熊本海, 蒋林树 . 不同泌乳量奶牛行为学差异及其与泌乳性能的相关性[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(7) : 3156 -3163 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.07.026

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the behavioral differences of different milk yield dairy cows, and to analysis the correlation of behavior and lactation performance of different milk yield dairy cows. Twenty-four mid-lactating[(114.6±7.5) d] China Holstein dairy cows with the average body weight of (670±24) kg and (2.6±0.4) parity were divided into high-yield group[milk yield was (31.90±1.76) kg/d] and low-yield group[milk yield was (19.30±1.76) kg/d], each group contained 12 cows. Through 24-hour video surveillance system, precision feeding system and pedometer, observated and statistics the feed (feed intake, feed time, intake times, ruminant time and ruminant times), drink (drink time and drink times), movement (lie time, lie times, walking/standing time and number of walking steps) within 48 hours, and to study the correlation of behavior and milk yield of dairy cows. The results showed as follows:1) the milk protein percentage of dairy cows in low-yield group was significantly higher than that of dairy cows in high-yield group (P<0.01), the milk fat yield, milk protein yield and milk lactose percentage of dairy cows in low-yield group was significantly lower than that of dairy cows in high-yield group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). 2) The dry matter intake, drink time and drink times of dairy cows in high-yield group were significantly higher than those of dairy cows in low-yield group (P<0.01), and the number of walking steps of dairy cows in high-yield group was significantly lower than that of dairy cows in low-yield group (P<0.01). 3) The total milk yield had positive correlation with dry matter intake (r=0.829,P<0.01), drink time (r=0.473,P<0.05) and drink times (r=0.429,P<0.05), and had negative correlation with number of walking steps (r=-0.574,P<0.01). In conclusion, there is correlation between behavior and milk yield of dairy cows, and the differences of these behaviors can provide theoretical basis knowledge for improving milk production performance of dairy cows.

Key words： dairy cows; behavior; milk yield; Pearson correlation analysis

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