动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 7: 3285 - 3293

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.07.041

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

蛋白酶对肉鸭菜籽粕标准回肠氨基酸消化率的影响

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  • 1. 四川农业大学动物营养研究所, 教育部动物抗病营养重点实验室, 成都 611130;
    2. 四川绵阳禾本生物工程有限公司, 绵阳 621000
张开心(1993-),女,河南鹿邑人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:2249109736@qq.com

收稿日期: 2018-12-27

  网络出版日期: 2019-07-19

基金资助

"十三五"国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0502005）；现代农业产业技术体系专项（CARS-42-10）

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Effects of Protease on Standard Ileum Amino Acid Digestibility of Rapeseed Meal in Meat Ducks

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  • 1. Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
    2. Sichuan Mianyang Habio Bioengineering Co., Ltd., Mianyang 621000, China

Received date: 2018-12-27

  Online published: 2019-07-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究蛋白酶对肉鸭菜籽粕标准回肠氨基酸消化率的影响。试验采用套算法进行代谢试验，选用5种不同来源的菜籽粕，菜籽粕替代饲粮比例为15%。选择640只1日龄肉公鸭，随机分为13个处理，其中12个处理（每个处理6个重复，每个重复8只肉鸭）中6个处理为基础饲粮和5个菜籽粕替代基础饲粮的不加酶处理，另外6个为对应的加酶处理（添加200 mg/kg蛋白酶），1个处理为无氮饲粮处理（8个重复，每个重复8只肉鸭）。肉鸭15~17日龄开始饲喂试验饲粮，试验期3 d。结果表明：1）5种菜籽粕的粗脂肪（EE）、粗蛋白质（CP）、粗纤维（CF）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、硫代葡萄糖苷（GS）、异硫氰酸酯（ITC）和噁唑烷硫酮（OZT）含量的平均值分别为8.21%、36.22%、12.96%、38.65%、13.83%、29.89 μmol/g、2.74 mg/g和0.45 mg/g。5种菜籽粕的总氨基酸含量分别为32.97%、37.77%、28.88%、36.08%和36.29%，变异系数为10.31%；其中赖氨酸（Lys）、蛋氨酸（Met）、苏氨酸（Thr）含量的平均值分别为1.95%、0.47%和1.89%，变异系数分别为30.49%、23.69%和30.65%。2）不同菜籽粕对肉鸭标准回肠氨基酸消化率有显著影响（P<0.05），其中Met、Lys和Thr的标准回肠消化率平均值为91.04%、66.19%和73.54%。3）添加蛋白酶可显著提高肉鸭菜籽粕必需氨基酸中Thr（6.73%）、异亮氨酸（4.47%）、亮氨酸（3.03%）、缬氨酸（4.60%）和精氨酸（2.36%）以及非必需氨基酸中天冬氨酸（8.46%）、丝氨酸（7.05%）、谷氨酸（5.97%）、甘氨酸（9.38%）、丙氨酸（8.44%）和脯氨酸（3.94%）的标准回肠消化率（P<0.05）。结果提示，不同来源菜籽粕的肉鸭标准回肠氨基酸消化率差异较大，且Met标准回肠消化率较高；蛋白酶对肉鸭菜籽粕标准回肠氨基酸消化率的改进程度与氨基酸种类有关。

关键词： 菜籽粕; 蛋白酶; 标准回肠氨基酸消化率; 肉鸭

本文引用格式

张开心, 张扬, 张克英, 丁雪梅, 白世平, 王建萍, 玄玥, 宿卓薇, 曾秋凤 . 蛋白酶对肉鸭菜籽粕标准回肠氨基酸消化率的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(7) : 3285 -3293 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.07.041

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of protease on standard ileum amino acid digestibility of rapeseed meal in meat ducks. The metabolic experiment was using a substitution method, selected five rapeseed meals from different sources, and the rapeseed meal replacement ratio was 15%. A total of 640 one-day-old male ducks were randomly divided into 13 treatments, 12 treatments (6 replicates per treatment, 8 ducks per replicate) included 6 treatments which were the basal diet and 5 kinds of rapeseed meals replace basal diets with no protease addition, and other 6 treatments were corresponding protease addition treatments (adding 200 mg/kg protease), and another set up a nitrogen-free diet treatment (8 replicates, 8 ducks per replicate). Meat ducks were fed experimental diets from 15 to 17 days of age, and the experiment lasted for 3 days. The results showed as follows:1) the average contents of ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), glucosinolates (GS), isothiocyanates (ITC) and oxazolidine thione (OZT) in 5 kinds of rapeseed meal were 8.21%, 36.22%, 12.96%, 38.65%, 13.83%, 29.89 μmol/g, 2.74 mg/g and 0.45 mg/g, respectively. The total amino acid contents of 5 kinds of rapeseed meals were 32.97%, 37.77%, 28.88%, 36.08% and 36.29% respectively, and its coefficient of variation (CV) was 10.31%; the average contents of lysine (Lys), methionine (Met) and threonine (Thr) in rapeseed meal were 1.95%, 0.47% and 1.89%, respectively, and their CV were 30.49%, 23.69% and 30.65%, respectively. 2) Different kinds of rapeseed meals had significant effects on standard ileum amino acid digestibility of meat ducks (P<0.05), and the average standard ileal digestibility of Met, Lys and Thr was 91.04%, 66.19% and 73.54%, respectively. 3) Adding protease significantly improved the standard ileal digestibility of essential amino acids such as Thr (6.73%), isoleucine (4.47%), leucine (3.03%), valine (4.60%), and arginine (2.36%) of rapeseed meal (P<0.05), as well as non-essential amino acids such as aspartic acid (8.46%), serine (7.05%), glutamate (5.97%), glycine (9.38%), alanine (8.44%) and proline (3.94%) of rapeseed meal (P<0.05). In conclusion, the standard ileum amino acid digestibility of different sources of rapeseed meal in meat ducks present a wide range, and the Met standard ileum digestibility in rapeseed meal is the highest; the improvement degree of protease improve the standard ileum amino acid digestibility of rapeseed meal in meat ducks relate to the type of amino acid.

Key words： rapeseed meal; protease; standard ileum amino acid digestibility; meat ducks

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