动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 11: 5012 - 5017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.015

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

初产母猪妊娠末期乳房形态与体况和泌乳力的相关性分析

  • 张龙林 ,
  • 李浩 ,
  • 谷雪玲 ,
  • 常凌 ,
  • 宋泽和 ,
  • 范志勇
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  • 1. 湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院, 长沙 410128;
    2. 湖南畜禽安全生产协同创新中心, 长沙 410128
张龙林(1997-),女,湖南株洲人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养生理与代谢调控研究。E-mail:834510050@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-04-27

  网络出版日期: 2019-11-19

基金资助

湖南农业大学“双一流”建设项目（SYL201802015，SYL201802009）；国家重点研发计划（2018YFE0101700）

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Correlation Analysis between Breast Morphology and Body Condition, Lactation Capacity in Primiparous Sows at the End of Pregnancy

  • ZHANG Longlin ,
  • LI Hao ,
  • GU Xueling ,
  • CHANG Ling ,
  • SONG Zehe ,
  • FAN Zhiyong
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
    2. Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha 410128, China

Received date: 2019-04-27

  Online published: 2019-11-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究初产母猪妊娠末期乳房形态与其泌乳性能及体况的潜在联系，为母猪哺乳期泌乳性能的科学评估提供依据。选取体况正常、健康、预产期相近的长×大（LY）二元初产母猪26头，于妊娠（109±2）d对所选母猪的乳房形态进行测量，记录哺乳期母猪每窝仔猪的初生窝重、断奶窝重、母猪分娩和断奶背膘厚，并进行相关性分析。乳房形态指标包括有效乳头数（ENN）、单侧乳头间距（DT）、对乳头间距（DP）、乳头基部与乳房腹中线距离（MID）、乳头基部与乳房外侧和腹部的交界处距离（EXT）、总单侧乳头间距（TL）。结果表明：初产母猪右侧乳头基部与乳房腹中线距离（MID-R）与哺乳期断奶仔猪数和存活率之间呈极显著负相关（P<0.01），DP与窝增重呈正相关趋势（0.05≤P<0.10）；其次，母猪乳房形态与体况变化联系紧密，本试验中，初产母猪的分娩背膘厚与DT呈显著负相关（P<0.05），断奶背膘厚与DP、右侧乳头基部与乳房外侧和腹部的交界处的距离（EXT-R）呈显著负相关（P<0.05），与左侧乳头基部与乳房外侧和腹部的交界处的距离（EXT-L）有负相关趋势（0.05≤P<0.10），与左侧乳房所有乳头的长度之和（TL-L）有正相关趋势（0.05≤P<0.10），背膘损失与MID-R呈显著正相关（P<0.05），与EXT-L有正相关趋势（0.05≤P<0.10）。综上所述，初产母猪乳房形态与其泌乳性能和体况密切相关，但随评估指标和背膘厚度不同而存在一定差异，妊娠末期对乳间距与乳腺发育程度高度相关，可作为预测哺乳期泌乳力大小的重要指标，对有效评估初产母猪生产性能具有良好参考价值。

关键词： 乳房形态; 泌乳力; 体况; 初产母猪

本文引用格式

张龙林 , 李浩 , 谷雪玲 , 常凌 , 宋泽和 , 范志勇 . 初产母猪妊娠末期乳房形态与体况和泌乳力的相关性分析[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(11) : 5012 -5017 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.015

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the potential relationship between breast morphology and lactation performance and body condition of primiparous sows at the end of pregnancy, and to provide a basis for scientific evaluation of lactation performance of sows. Twenty-six primiparous sows (Landrace×Yorkshire) with normal and healthy body condition, and similar parturition date were selected, and the breast morphology of the sows were measured and recorded at day (109±2) of pregnancy/gestation. The birth litter weight, weaning litter weight, backfat of lactating sows at farrowing and weaning were recorded, and a correlation analysis was performed. The indexes of breast morphology included effective nipple number (ENN), the distance between each teat pair (DP), the distance between each teat on one side of the udder (DT), the distance between the base of the teat and the ventral midline section of the udder (MID), the distance between the base of the teat and the exterior junction of the udder with the abdomen (EXT) and the length of the udder (sum of all dist-teat, TL). The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between MID-R and the number of weaned piglets and livability in lactation (P<0.01), and there was a positive correlation between DP and litter weight gain (0.05 ≤ P<0.10). Besides, the breast morphology of the sows was closely related to the changes in body condition. In present experiment, a significant negative correlation between the backfat of primiparous sows at farrowing and DT was observed (P<0.05), and a significant negative correlation between weaning backfat and DP, EXT-R were also discovered (P<0.05). In addition, the weaning backfat of sows had the signigicant tendency of correlation with EXT-L (0.05 ≤ P<0.10), but positive correlation with TL-L (0.05 ≤ P<0.10). Moreover, backfat loss had a significant positive correlation with MID-R (P<0.05) and had the signigicant tendency of correlation with EXT-L (0.05 ≤ P<0.10). In summary, the mammary morphology of primiparous sows is closely related to their lactation performance and body condition, but there are some differences depending on the evaluation indexes and backfat thickness. The distance between each teat pair is highly correlated with the degree of mammary gland development at the end of pregnancy, which can be used as an important predictor of lactation force, and has a vital reference value for effectively evaluating the performance of primiparous sows.

Key words： breast morphology; lactation; body condition; primiparous sow

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