动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 11: 5018 - 5028

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.016

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

饲粮纤维对脂多糖刺激仔猪生长性能、器官相对重量及炎性细胞因子mRNA表达量的影响

  • 孙骁 ,
  • 李梓丹 ,
  • 刘华 ,
  • 郭治国 ,
  • 李德锋 ,
  • 朱晓艳 ,
  • 李振田 ,
  • 王成章 ,
  • 崔亚垒 ,
  • 史莹华
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  • 1. 河南农业大学牧医工程学院, 郑州 450002;
    2. 河南省草地资源创新与利用重点实验室, 郑州 450002;
    3. 河南省牧草工程技术研究中心, 郑州 450002
孙骁(1997-),男,河南南阳人,硕士研究生,从事动物营养与饲料科学研究。E-mail:2030714884@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-05-06

  网络出版日期: 2019-11-19

基金资助

国家牧草产业技术体系建设专项基金（CARS-34）；河南省高等学校重点科研项目指导计划“苜蓿纤维缓解断奶仔猪肠道炎症的分子机制”（19B230012）

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Effects of Dietary Fiber on Growth Performance, Relative Weight of Organs and mRNA Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide-Challenged Piglets

  • SUN Xiao ,
  • LI Zidan ,
  • LIU Hua ,
  • GUO Zhiguo ,
  • LI Defeng ,
  • ZHU Xiaoyan ,
  • LI Zhentian ,
  • WANG Chengzhang ,
  • CUI Yalei ,
  • SHI Yinghua
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
    2. Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
    3. Henan Engineering Research Center for Forage, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Received date: 2019-05-06

  Online published: 2019-11-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮纤维对脂多糖（LPS）刺激仔猪生长性能、器官相对重量及炎性细胞因子mRNA表达量的影响。采用2×2双因子试验设计，2个因子分别为饲粮纤维（基础饲粮或添加2%纤维饲粮）和LPS刺激（注射LPS或生理盐水），试验选用96头健康、体况相近[平均体重为（7.93±0.03）kg]的34日龄杜洛克×长白×大白仔猪，按体重相近原则随机分为4个处理，每个处理3个重复，每个重复8头猪。其中处理1和3饲喂基础饲粮，处理2和4饲喂添加2%纤维饲粮。试验期28 d。在试验第16天和第28天，处理3和4的仔猪腹膜注射100 μg/kg BW的LPS，处理1和2的仔猪腹膜注射等量生理盐水。第28天注射LPS或生理盐水12 h后屠宰仔猪，取心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、胸腺样品待测。应用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测炎性细胞因子白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）mRNA在心脏、胸腺、肝脏和脾脏中的表达量。结果表明：1）LPS刺激显著降低了仔猪整个试验期内的平均日采食量和平均日增重（P<0.05），而饲粮中添加纤维具有提高仔猪平均日增重的趋势（P=0.076）；LPS刺激显著提高了仔猪第16~22天的料重比（P<0.05）；饲粮中添加纤维显著降低了仔猪整个试验期内的料重比（P<0.05）。2）饲粮中添加纤维显著增加了仔猪胸腺的相对重量（P<0.05），有增加心脏相对重量的趋势（P=0.054），肝脏、脾脏和肺脏的相对重量有所增加，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）炎性细胞因子mRNA在心脏、胸腺、肝脏和脾脏中均有表达，其中IL-1β mRNA在仔猪胸腺中的表达量最高，显著高于在心脏、肝脏和脾脏中的表达量（P<0.05）；IL-6和TNF-α mRNA在仔猪脾脏中的表达量最高，显著高于在心脏、肝脏和胸腺中的表达量（P<0.05）。4）LPS刺激提高了仔猪肝脏中IL-1β和TNF-α mRNA的表达量（P>0.05），提高了胸腺中IL-6 mRNA的表达量（P>0.05）；而饲粮中添加纤维降低了脾脏中TNF-α mRNA的表达量（P>0.05），显著降低了胸腺中IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α mRNA的表达量（P<0.05）。综合分析可知，LPS刺激降低了仔猪的生长性能，而饲粮添加纤维可以增加仔猪免疫器官相对重量，降低胸腺中炎性细胞因子mRNA表达量，缓解LPS刺激引起的炎症反应，提高仔猪的生长性能，降低免疫应激对仔猪造成的负面影响。

关键词： 饲粮纤维; 脂多糖; 仔猪; 器官相对重量; 炎性细胞因子

本文引用格式

孙骁 , 李梓丹 , 刘华 , 郭治国 , 李德锋 , 朱晓艳 , 李振田 , 王成章 , 崔亚垒 , 史莹华 . 饲粮纤维对脂多糖刺激仔猪生长性能、器官相对重量及炎性细胞因子mRNA表达量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(11) : 5018 -5028 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.016

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary fiber on growth performance, relative weight of organs and mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglets. The experiment was designed as 2×2 double-factor trial design and the two factors were dietary fiber (basal diet or basal diet supplemented with 2% fiber) and LPS challenge (injection of LPS or physiological saline). Ninety-six healthy 34-day-old Duroc×Landrace×Large White piglets[average body weight was (7.93±0.03) kg] were selected and the selected piglets were randomly divided into 4 treatments according to the principle of similar body weight with 3 replicates in each treatment and 8 piglets per replicate. Piglets in treatments 1 and 3 were fed a basal diet, while piglets in treatments 2 and 4 were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2% fiber. The experimental period was 28 days. On the 16th and 28th day of the experiment, the piglets in treatments 3 and 4 were intraperitoneally injected with 100 μg/kg BW of LPS, and the piglets in treatments 1 and 2 were intraperitoneally injected with the same amount of physiological saline. On the 28th day, piglets were slaughtered at 12 h after injection of LPS or physiological saline. And, samples of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and thymus were obtained for determination. The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in heart, liver, spleen and thymus were measured by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The results demonstrated as follows:1) LPS challenge significantly reduced the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of piglets during whole experiment period (P<0.05), while the addition of fiber to the diet had a tendency to increase the average daily gain of piglets (P=0.076). LPS challenge significantly increased the feed/gain of piglets during days 16 to 22 (P<0.05), while the addition of fiber to the diet significantly decreased the feed/gain of piglets during whole experiment period (P<0.05). 2) The addition of fiber to the diet significantly increased the relative weight of thymus of piglets (P<0.05), tended to increase the relative weight of heart (P=0.054). The relative weights of liver, spleen and lung increased, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05). 3) The mRNA of inflammatory cytokines expressed in heart, thymus, liver and spleen. The expression level of IL-1β mRNA was highest in the thymus of piglets, which was significantly higher than that in heart, liver and spleen (P<0.05). The expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA in the spleen of piglets were the highest, which were significantly higher than those in heart, liver and thymus (P<0.05). 4) LPS challenge increased the expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA in liver of piglets(P>0.05), and increased the expression level of IL-6 mRNA in thymus (P>0.05), while the addition of fiber to the diet decreased the expression level of TNF-α mRNA in spleen (P>0.05) and significantly decreased the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA in thymus (P<0.05). Comprehensively, the results indicate that LPS challenge decrease the growth performance of piglets, while the addition of fiber to the diet can increase the relative weight of immune organs of piglets, reduce the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the thymus, alleviate the inflammatory response caused by LPS challenge, improve the growth performance of piglets and reduce the negative effects of immune stress on piglets.

Key words： dietary fiber; lipopolysaccharide; piglets; relative weight of organs; inflammatory cytokines

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