动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 11: 5029 - 5038

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.017

猪与禽营养 Swine and poultry nutrition

饲粮粗纤维水平对1~28日龄仔鹅盲肠微生物区系的影响

  • 胥蕾 ,
  • 李彦品 ,
  • 谢燕娟 ,
  • 杨海明 ,
  • 王志跃
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  • 1. 扬州大学动物科学与技术学院, 扬州 225009;
    2. 扬州大学农业科技发展研究院, 扬州 225009
胥蕾(1984-),女,四川雅安人,讲师,博士,主要从事家禽营养与生产的研究。E-mail:xlei@yzu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2019-05-09

  网络出版日期: 2019-11-19

基金资助

国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-42-11）；江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目（CX （18）1004）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

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Effects of Dietary Crude Fiber Level on Cecal Microflora of Geese during 1 to 28 Days of Age

  • XU Lei ,
  • LI Yanpin ,
  • XIE Yanjuan ,
  • YANG Haiming ,
  • WANG Zhiyue
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
    2. Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

Received date: 2019-05-09

  Online published: 2019-11-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮粗纤维水平对1~28日龄仔鹅盲肠微生物区系的影响。选取健康、体重接近的1日龄扬州鹅公鹅468只，随机分为3组，每组6个重复，每个重复26只。对照组（Ⅰ组）饲喂基础饲粮，试验组在基础饲粮基础上分别添加1.86%（Ⅱ组）和3.72%（Ⅲ组）微晶纤维素，使Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组饲粮粗纤维水平分别达2.5%、4.3%和6.1%。试验期28 d。结果表明：1）与Ⅱ、Ⅲ组相比，Ⅰ组22~28日龄的平均日增重显著降低（P<0.05），而料重比显著升高（P<0.05）。2）PCR扩增片段变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）指纹图谱分析结果显示，28日龄时，Ⅱ和Ⅲ组的仔鹅盲肠中的微生物条带数分别比Ⅰ组多18.2%和31.8%。3）Illumina MiSeq高通量测序结果显示，与Ⅱ、Ⅲ组相比，Ⅰ组盲肠微生物操作分类单元（OTU）总数、ACE指数、Chao1指数和Shannon指数下降，Simpson指数增加；拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门的相对丰度降低，变形菌门的相对丰度增加，拟杆菌属、巨单胞菌属、普雷沃菌属的相对丰度降低。4）实时荧光定量PCR结果显示，与Ⅱ、Ⅲ组相比，Ⅰ组盲肠微生物大肠杆菌相对丰度增加（P<0.05），梭菌Ⅳ、梭菌ⅩⅣ、乳酸菌、韦荣球菌、拟杆菌和双歧杆菌的相对丰度显著降低（P<0.05）。由此可见，通过添加纤维素提高饲粮粗纤维水平到4.3%和6.1%，可增加1~28日龄仔鹅盲肠微生物多样性和潜在有益菌的相对丰度，降低潜在有害菌的相对丰度，改善盲肠微生物平衡。

关键词： 纤维素; 生长性能; 鹅; 盲肠; 微生物

本文引用格式

胥蕾 , 李彦品 , 谢燕娟 , 杨海明 , 王志跃 . 饲粮粗纤维水平对1~28日龄仔鹅盲肠微生物区系的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(11) : 5029 -5038 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.017

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fiber level on cecal microflora of geese during 1 to 28 days of age. A total of 468 one-day-old healthy male Yangzhou geese with similar body weight were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 26 geese per replicate. Geese in the control group (group Ⅰ) were fed a basal diet, and geese in experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1.86% (group Ⅱ) and 3.72% microcrystalline cellulose (group Ⅲ), respectively. Thus the dietary crude fiber levels of groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 2.5%, 4.3% and 6.1%, respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the average daily gain during 22 to 28 days of age of group Ⅰ was significantly decreased (P<0.05), whereas the feed to gain ratio was significantly increased (P<0.05). 2) The polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) fingerprinting analysis results showed that at 28 days of age, the number of microbial bands in cecum of geese of groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ was increased by 18.2% and 31.8% than that of group Ⅰ, respectively. 3) The llumina MiSeq sequencing results showed that compared with groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the total operational taxonomic units (OTU) number, ACE index, Chao1 index and Shannon index of cecal microflora were decreased, and the Simpson index was increased; the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes was decreased, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was increased, and the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Megamonas and Parabacterioides was decreased. 4) The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that compared with groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the relative abundance of Escherichia coli of cecal microflora of group Ⅰ was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the relative abundance of Clostridium Ⅳ, Clostridium ⅩⅣ, Lactobacillus, Veillonella, Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In conclusion, improving dietary crude fiber level to 4.3% and 6.1% by addition of cellulose can enhance the microbial diversity and relative abundance of potential beneficial bacteria, reduce the relative abundance of potential harmful bacteria, and improve the balance of cecal microflora of geese during 1 to 28 days of age.

Key words： cellulose; growth performance; geese; cecum; microflora

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