动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 11: 5238 - 5244

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.040

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

茴香精油对仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率和粪便菌群数量的影响

  • 常娟 ,
  • 杨雪冰 ,
  • 王平 ,
  • 刘超齐 ,
  • 谢凤莲 ,
  • 王鹏 ,
  • 尹清强
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  • 1. 河南农业大学牧医工程学院, 郑州 450002;
    2. 河南农业大学国际教育学院, 郑州 450002;
    3. 河南牧丰贸易有限公司, 郑州 450002
常娟(1978-),女,河南社旗人,副教授,博士,研究方向为饲料资源开发利用。E-mail:changjuan2000@126.com

收稿日期: 2019-04-25

  网络出版日期: 2019-11-19

基金资助

河南省重大科技专项（171100110500）；河南省科技攻关项目（182102110062）

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Effects of Anise Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Fecal Microbial Number of Piglets

  • CHANG Juan ,
  • YANG Xuebing ,
  • WANG Ping ,
  • LIU Chaoqi ,
  • XIE Fenglian ,
  • WANG Peng ,
  • YIN Qingqiang
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  • 1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
    2. College of International Education, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;
    3. Henan Mufeng Trade Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450002, China

Received date: 2019-04-25

  Online published: 2019-11-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究茴香精油对仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及粪便菌群数量的影响。试验选择40日龄、体重10 kg左右的杜×长×大三元杂交仔猪320头，随机分成4个组，每组8个重复，每个重复10头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮，试验1组饲喂基础饲粮+抗生素（金霉素75 mg/kg+杆菌肽10 mg/kg），试验2组饲喂基础饲粮+抗生素（金霉素75 mg/kg+杆菌肽10 mg/kg）+300 mg/kg茴香精油，试验3组饲喂基础饲粮+300 mg/kg茴香精油。试验期28 d。结果表明：1）添加抗生素和/或茴香精油的各试验组仔猪的平均日增重均显著高于对照组（P<0.05），且试验3组仔猪的平均日增重显著高于试验2组（P<0.05），与试验1组差异不显著（P>0.05）；各试验组料重比均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。2）试验2组和试验3组仔猪的干物质表观消化率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；各试验组的粗脂肪表观消化率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。3）试验3组仔猪的粪便乳酸菌数量显著高于试验2组（P<0.05）。综上所述，饲粮中添加茴香精油可提高仔猪的平均日增重，降低料重比，提高干物质和粗脂肪的表观消化率，与抗生素的作用相当，并有利于仔猪肠道的健康。因此，茴香精油在仔猪生产中具有代替抗生素的潜力。

关键词： 植物精油; 茴香精油; 仔猪; 生长性能; 养分表观消化率; 粪便菌群数量

本文引用格式

常娟 , 杨雪冰 , 王平 , 刘超齐 , 谢凤莲 , 王鹏 , 尹清强 . 茴香精油对仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率和粪便菌群数量的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(11) : 5238 -5244 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.040

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of anise essential oil on the growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility and fecal microbial number of piglets. A total of three hundred and twenty 40-day-old Duroc×Large White×Landrace piglets with the similar body weight about 10 kg were randomly allocated into 5 groups with 8 replicates per group and 10 piglets per replicate. Piglets in control group were fed a basal diet, piglets in test group 1 were fed the basal diet supplemented with antibiotics (chlortetracycline 75 mg/kg+bacitracin 10 mg/kg), piglets in test group 2 were fed the basal diet supplemented with antibiotics (chlortetracycline 75 mg/kg+bacitracin 10 mg/kg) and anise essential oil (300 mg/kg), and piglets in test group 3 were fed the basal diet supplemented with anise essential oil (300 mg/kg). The test period was 28 days. The results showed as follows:1) the average daily gain (ADG) of piglets in the test groups with antibiotics and/or anise essential oil was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05); the ADG of piglets in the test group 3 was significantly higher than that in the test group 2 (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in ADG between test group 1 and test group 3 (P>0.05). The feed to gain ratio (F/G) in the test groups was significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). 2) The apparent digestibility of dry matter in the test group 2 and test group 3 were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), the apparent digestibility of ether extract in the test groups was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). 3) The number of fecal lactic acid bacteria in the test group 3 was significantly higher than that in the test 2 group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the addition of anise essential oil has the similar effects with antibiotics on increasing the ADG, decreasing the F/G, improving the apparent digestibility of dry matter and ether extract, and is more beneficial for the intestinal health of piglets. Therefore, the anise plant essential oil has the potential to replace antibiotics.

Key words： plant essential oil; anise essential oil; piglets; growth performance; nutrient apparent digestibility; fecal microbial number

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