动物营养学报 >

2019 , Vol. 31 >Issue 11: 5262 - 5273

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.043

饲料科学与技术 Feed science and technology

复合酶制剂对草鱼生长性能、营养物质利用及肠道组织形态的影响

  • 杨航 ,
  • 张国奇 ,
  • 周陆 ,
  • 骆作勇 ,
  • 李小勤 ,
  • 徐禛 ,
  • 程卓 ,
  • 冷向军
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  • 1. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心, 上海 201306;
    2. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 农业部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心, 上海 201306;
    3. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心, 上海 201306;
    4. 上海市松江区水产良种场, 上海 201203;
    5. 帝斯曼(中国)有限公司, 上海 201203
杨航(1992-),男,辽宁东港人,博士研究生,研究方向为水产动物营养。E-mail:yanghangqu@foxmail.com

收稿日期: 2019-05-08

  网络出版日期: 2019-11-19

基金资助

上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科创字（2018）第2-11号]

收起

Effects of Enzyme Complex Preparation on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Intestinal Tissue Morphology of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

  • YANG Hang ,
  • ZHANG Guoqi ,
  • ZHOU Lu ,
  • LUO Zuoyong ,
  • LI Xiaoqin ,
  • XU Zhen ,
  • CHENG Zhuo ,
  • LENG Xiangjun
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  • 1. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    2. Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    3. Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
    4. Shanghai Songjiang District Aquatic Products Breeding Farm, Shanghai 201203, China;
    5. DSM(China) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China

Received date: 2019-05-08

  Online published: 2019-11-19

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摘要

本试验旨在研究复合酶制剂（主要为植酸酶和碳水化合物酶）对草鱼生长性能、营养物质消化率和沉积率、血清生化指标及肠道组织形态的影响。首先配制正对照饲料、低磷低脂饲料和无鱼粉低磷低脂饲料，3种饲料中鱼粉、磷酸二氢钙和豆油添加量分别为2.0%、1.8%、1.5%，2.0%、1.2%、1.0%和0、1.2%、1.0%，然后在低磷低脂饲料、无鱼粉低磷低脂饲料中添加0.6 g/kg的复合酶制剂，配制低磷低脂+酶饲料和无鱼粉低磷低脂+酶饲料，共配制成5种试验饲料，饲喂初始体重为（16.3±0.2）g的草鱼60 d。每种饲料投喂3个网箱，每个网箱投放30尾草鱼。结果显示：正对照组具有最高的增重率（342.40%）和最低的饲料系数（1.48）；与正对照组相比，低磷低脂组和无鱼粉低磷低脂组的增重率、蛋白质和灰分沉积率、肠道蛋白酶活性及干物质、蛋白质和磷消化率显著降低（P<0.05），而饲料系数、脂肪沉积率及血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著增加（P<0.05）；此外，无鱼粉低磷低脂组的磷沉积率、肠道绒毛高度和绒毛纵截面面积显著降低（P<0.05），血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著增加（P<0.05）。在低磷低脂饲料和无鱼粉低磷低脂饲料中添加复合酶制剂后，增重率有所提高（P>0.05），饲料系数和血清碱性磷酸酶活性显著降低（P<0.05），且蛋白质和磷沉积率以及干物质、蛋白质和磷消化率显著提高（P<0.05）；此外，在无鱼粉低磷低脂饲料中添加复合酶制剂后，肠道绒毛高度和绒毛纵截面面积也显著增加（P<0.05）。综上，在低磷低脂饲料和无鱼粉低磷低脂饲料中添加复合酶制剂可以提高草鱼对营养物质的利用率，改善鱼体生长性能。

关键词： 复合酶制剂; 草鱼; 生长性能; 营养物质利用; 肠道组织形态

本文引用格式

杨航 , 张国奇 , 周陆 , 骆作勇 , 李小勤 , 徐禛 , 程卓 , 冷向军 . 复合酶制剂对草鱼生长性能、营养物质利用及肠道组织形态的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2019 , 31(11) : 5262 -5273 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2019.11.043

Abstract

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of enzyme complex preparation (phytase and carbohydrase mainly) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and retention rates, serum biochemical indices and intestinal tissue morphology of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Five experimental diets were prepared as positive control diet[2.0% fish meal, 1.8% Ca(H2PO4)2, 2.0% soybean oil], low phosphorus-lipid diet[2.0% fish meal, 1.2% Ca(H2PO4)2, 1.0% soybean oil], low phosphorus-lipid+fish meal-free diet (0 fish meal, 1.2% Ca(H2PO4)2, 1.0% soybean oil), and two enzyme complex preparation supplemented diets (0.6 g/kg enzyme complex preparation supplemented in low phosphorus-lipid and low phosphorus-lipid+fish meal-free diet, respectively). Grass carp with an initial body weight of (16.3±0.2) g were fed one of the five diets for 60 d and each diet was fed 3 net cage and each net cages cultured 30 fish. The results showed that the positive control group had the highest weight gain rate (342.4%) and the lowest feed conversion ratio (1.48) among all groups. The weight gain rate, protein and ash retention rates, intestinal protease activity, and the digestibility of dry matter, protein and phosphorus in low phosphorus-lipid and low phosphorus-lipid+fish meal-free groups were significantly lower (P<0.05), and the feed conversion ratio, lipid retention rate and serum alkaline phosphatase activity were significantly higher than those in positive control group (P<0.05). In addition, the low phosphorus-lipid+fish meal-free group showed significantly lower phosphorus retention rate, intestinal villus height and villus cross sectional area (P<0.05), and significantly higher serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities than those in positive control group (P<0.05). After adding enzyme complex preparation into low phosphorus-lipid diet and low phosphorus-lipid+fish meal-free diet, the weight gain rate was improved (P>0.05), the feed conversion ratio and serum alkaline phosphatase activity were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the retention rates of protein and phosphorus, as well as the digestibility of dry matter, protein and phosphorus were significantly promoted (P<0.05). Also, after adding enzyme complex preparation into low phosphorus-lipid+fish meal-free diet significantly increased the intestinal villus height and villus cross sectional area (P<0.05). The results indicate that adding enzyme complex preparation in low phosphorus-lipid diet and low phosphorus-lipid+fish meal-free diet can improve the utilization rates of nutrients and the growth performance of grass carp.

Key words： enzyme complex preparation; grass carp; growth performance; nutrient utilization; intestinal tissue morphology

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