动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 4: 1809 - 1816

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.04.039

水产动物营养与饲料 AQUATIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEED

黄斑篮子鱼幼鱼适宜投喂频率的研究

  • 杨育凯 ,
  • 黄小林 ,
  • 林黑着 ,
  • 虞为 ,
  • 李涛 ,
  • 黄忠 ,
  • 荀鹏伟 ,
  • 于万峰
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  • 1. 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所深圳试验基地, 深圳 518121;
    2. 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所, 农业农村部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室, 广州 510300;
    3. 上海海洋大学水产与生命学院, 上海 201506
杨育凯(1986-),男,河南洛阳人,助理研究员,硕士,从事鱼类遗传育种研究。E-mail:yangyukai1986@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-10-24

  网络出版日期: 2020-04-16

基金资助

深圳市科技计划知识创新基础研究项目（JCYJ20170817103856495，JCYJ20170817103922921，JCTJ20170817103947002）；中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助（2018ZD01）；广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室开放基金资助（FEEL-2019-11，FEEL-2019-10）

收起

Optimal Feeding Frequency for Juvenile Siganus oramin

  • YANG Yukai ,
  • HUANG Xiaolin ,
  • LIN Heizhao ,
  • YU Wei ,
  • LI Tao ,
  • HUANG Zhong ,
  • XUN Pengwei ,
  • YU Wanfeng
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  • 1. Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China;
    2. Key Lab of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation&Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China;
    3. College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201506, China

Received date: 2019-10-24

  Online published: 2020-04-16

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摘要

为探明黄斑篮子鱼（Siganus oramin）幼鱼适宜投喂频率，选择体重为（1.80±0.08）g的幼鱼进行养殖试验。试验设计5个组（F1、F2、F3、F4、F5组），投喂频率分别为1（06：00），2（06：00、18：00），3（06：00、12：00、18：00），4（06：00、10：00、14：00、18：00）和5次/d（06：00、09：00、12：00、15：00、18：00），每组设3个平行，共计15个养殖桶，每桶随机放50尾试验鱼。试验观察不同投喂频率下黄斑篮子鱼幼鱼生长性能、饲料利用、形体指标、肌肉成分及肠道消化酶活性的变化情况。试验周期为60 d。结果显示：1）各组试验鱼终末体重、增重率、摄食率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率均随投喂频率增加呈上升趋势，F3、F4、F5组终末体重、增重率和特定生长率显著高于F1、F2组（P<0.05），饲料系数显著低于F1、F2组（P<0.05），3组间差异不显著（P>0.05）；其中F3组饲料系数最低，蛋白质效率最高。2）F3、F4、F5组肝体指数显著低于F2组（P<0.05），脏体指数显著低于F1、F2组（P<0.05），各组间肥满度差异不显著（P>0.05）。3）随着投喂频率的增加，试验鱼肌肉中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分含量逐渐上升，水分含量逐渐下降，F3、F4、F5组肌肉中粗脂肪、粗灰分含量显著高于F1组（P<0.05），水分含量显著低于F1、F2组（P<0.05），3组间上述指标差异不显著（P>0.05）。4）各组肠道中胃蛋白酶、淀粉酶活性随投喂频率增加呈下降趋势，胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶活性先降后升，F1、F2组各消化酶活性显著高于F3、F4、F5组（P<0.05），F3、F4、F5组间差异不显著（P>0.05）。综合上述指标并考虑养殖成本，建议黄斑篮子鱼幼鱼适宜投喂频率为3次/d。

关键词： 黄斑篮子鱼; 投喂频率; 生长; 肌肉成分; 消化酶

本文引用格式

杨育凯 , 黄小林 , 林黑着 , 虞为 , 李涛 , 黄忠 , 荀鹏伟 , 于万峰 . 黄斑篮子鱼幼鱼适宜投喂频率的研究[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(4) : 1809 -1816 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.04.039

Abstract

In order to ascertain the optimal feeding frequency for juvenile Siganus oramin, the fish with body weight of (1.80±0.08) g were selected for the feeding test. In this test, five groups (F1, F2, F3, F4 and F5 groups) were designed with different feeding frequencies of 1 (06:00), 2 (06:00, 18:00), 3 (06:00, 12:00 and 18:00), 4 (06:00, 10:00, 14:00 and 18:00) and 5 meals per day (06:00, 09:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 18:00), respectively, and 3 replicates per group, total 15 breeding barrels and 50 fish in each barrel. The changes in growth performance, feed utilization, body indexes, muscle composition and intestinal digestive enzyme activities of juvenile Siganus oramin were observed. The results showed as follows:1) the final body weight, weight gain rate, feed intake rate, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio of the test fish increased with the increase of feeding frequency. Final weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate of F3, F4 and F5 groups were significantly higher than those of F1 and F2 groups (P<0.05), and feed conversion ratio was significantly lower than that of F1 and F2 groups (P<0.05), and was no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). F3 group had the lowest feed conversion ratio and the highest protein efficiency ratio. 2) Hepatosomatic index of F3, F4 and F5 groups was obviously lower than that of F2 group (P<0.05), viscerosomatic index of F3, F4 and F5 groups was obviously lower than that of F1 and F2 groups (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in condition factor among all groups (P>0.05). 3) With the increase of feeding frequency, the crude protein, crude fat and ash contents in the muscle of the test fish gradually increased, while the moisture content gradually decreased. Crude fat and ash contents of F3, F4 and F5 groups were significantly higher than those of F1 group (P<0.05), while the moisture content was significantly lower than that of F1 and F2 groups (P<0.05), and was no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.05). 4) Pepsin and amylase activities in test fish intestine decreased with the increase of feeding frequency, trypsin and lipase activities decreased first and then increased, and the digestive enzyme activities of F1 and F2 groups were significantly higher than those of F3, F4 and F5 groups (P<0.05), and were no significant difference among the latter (P>0.05). Based on above results and considering the feeding cost, it is suggested that the optimal feeding frequency for Juvenile Siganus oramin should be 3 meals per day.

Key words： Siganus oramin; feeding frequency; growth; muscle composition; digestive enzyme

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