动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 5: 2342 - 2351

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.05.043

水产动物营养与饲料 AQUATIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEED

饲料不同糖水平对梭鱼生长性能、饲料利用及体组成的影响

  • 刘涛 ,
  • 王跃斌 ,
  • 韩涛 ,
  • 徐含颖 ,
  • 王骥腾
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  • 1. 浙江海洋大学水产学院, 舟山 316022;
    2. 浙江省海洋水产研究所, 舟山 316021
刘涛(1994-),男,贵州铜仁人,硕士研究生,研究方向为水产动物饲料与营养。E-mail:930307558@qq.com

收稿日期: 2019-11-07

  网络出版日期: 2020-05-15

基金资助

浙江省基础公益研究计划（LGN18C190010）；舟山科技计划项目（2017C43060）

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Effects of Dietary Different Carbohydrate Levels on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization and Body Composition of Juvenile Mullet (Chelon haematocheilus)

  • LIU Tao ,
  • WANG Yuebin ,
  • HAN Tao ,
  • XU Hanying ,
  • WANG Jiteng
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  • 1. School of Fisheries of Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China;
    2. Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan 316021, China

Received date: 2019-11-07

  Online published: 2020-05-15

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲料不同糖水平对梭鱼（Liza haematocheila）生长性能、饲料利用及体组成的影响。试验配制6种不同糖水平（0.50%、8.50%、16.50%、24.50%、32.50%和40.50%）的等氮等脂饲料。选取初始体重为（3.44±0.15） g的梭鱼幼鱼360尾，随机分为6组，每组设置3个重复，每个重复20尾，进行为期56 d的饲养试验。结果显示：1）随着饲料糖水平升高，增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）、蛋白质效率（PER）以及肠脂比（IPF）呈先升高后下降的变化（P<0.05）；饲料不同糖水平显著影响日摄食量（DFI）、饲料系数（FCR）（P<0.05）。2）饲料不同糖水平显著影响日氮摄入（DNI）、日能量摄入（DEI）和日脂肪摄入（DLI）（P<0.05）；日氮获得（DNG）、日能量获得（DEG）和日脂肪获得（DLG）随饲料糖水平的升高出现显著变化（P<0.05），三者的变化趋势相似，都在0.50%~32.50%组呈上升趋势。饲料不同糖水平显著影响氮保留（NR）、脂肪保留（LR）、能量保留（ER）（P<0.05），均在32.50%组有最高值。3）饲料不同糖水平未对全鱼水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量产生显著影响（P>0.05），但粗脂肪含量在0.50%~32.50%组有上升趋势。4）饲料不同糖水平显著影响肠道脂肪酶（LPS）活性（P<0.05）；随着饲料糖水平的升高，肠道淀粉酶（AMS）活性在0.50%~24.50%组显著上升（P<0.05）。5）随着饲料糖水平的升高，血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性在16.50%~40.50%组无显著变化（P>0.05）；血清葡萄糖（Glu）含量未随饲料糖水平的升高呈显著变化（P>0.05），血清总胆固醇（TC）含量在0.50%~32.50%组无显著变化（P>0.05）；血清甘油三酯（TG）含量在0.50%~24.50%组呈上升趋势（P>0.05）。基于WGR和FCR的二次多项式回归分析，梭鱼幼鱼饲料的适宜糖水平为35.00%~38.18%。

关键词： 梭鱼; 糖水平; 生长性能; 体组成

本文引用格式

刘涛 , 王跃斌 , 韩涛 , 徐含颖 , 王骥腾 . 饲料不同糖水平对梭鱼生长性能、饲料利用及体组成的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(5) : 2342 -2351 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.05.043

Abstract

The purpose of this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary different carbohydrate levels on growth performance, feed utilization and body composition of juvenile mullet (Chelon haematocheilus). Six isoproteic and isolipidic diets were formulated with different carbohydrate levels (0.50%, 8.50%, 16.50%, 24.50%, 32.50% and 40.50%, respectively). A total of 360 mullets with an initial body weight of (3.44±0.15) g were randomly assigned into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and each with 20 replicates for a 56-day feeding experiment. Results showed as follows:1) the weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and intraperitoneal fat ratio (IPF) increased significantly and then decreased with the increase of dietary carbohydrate levels (P<0.05). Different carbohydrate levels in diets significantly affected daily feed intake (DFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P<0.05). 2) Different carbohydrate levels significantly affected daily nitrogen intake (DNI), daily energy intake (DEI) and daily lipid intake (DLI) (P<0.05). Daily nitrogen gain (DNG), daily energy gain (DEG) and daily lipid gain (DLG) had significant difference with the increase of carbohydrate levels (P<0.05), showed an increasing trend in 0.50% to 32.50% groups. Different carbohydrate levels significantly affected nitrogen retention (NR), energy retention (ER) and lipid retention (LR) (P<0.05), and the highest was in 32.50% group. 3) No significant differences of moisture, crude protein and crude lipid contents in whole body were observed among groups (P>0.05), but the crude lipid content increased in 0.50% to 32.50% groups. 4) Different dietary carbohydrate levels significantly affected intestinal lipase (LPS) activity (P<0.05); with the increase of dietary carbohydrate levels, amylase (AMS) activity significantly increased in 0.50% to 24.50% groups (P<0.05). 5) Serum glucose (Glu) content had no significant difference with the increase of carbohydrate levels (P>0.05). Serum total cholesterol (TC) content had no significant difference in 0.50% to 32.50% groups (P>0.05). Serum triglyceride (TG) content in 0.50% to 24.50% groups increased with the increase of carbohydrate levels (P>0.05). Based on second-order polynomial regression analysis of WGR and FCR, the optimal carbohydrate levels for Chelon haematocheilus are estimated to be 35.00% to 38.18%.

Key words： Chelon haematocheilus; dietary carbohydrate levels; growth performance; body composition

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