复合植物提取物对荷斯坦奶牛体外瘤胃发酵的影响

郭晨阳; 张腾龙; 徐腾腾; 敖长金; 王丽芳

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.028

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 8: 3698 - 3707

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.028

反刍与草食动物营养与饲料 RUMINANT AND HERBIVORE NUTRITION AND FEED

复合植物提取物对荷斯坦奶牛体外瘤胃发酵的影响

郭晨阳 ,
张腾龙 ,
徐腾腾 ,
敖长金 ,
王丽芳

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1. 内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院, 呼和浩特 010018;
2. 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院, 呼和浩特 010031

郭晨阳(1994-),女,内蒙古呼和浩特人,硕士研究生,动物营养与饲料科学专业。E-mail:1132074935@qq.com

收稿日期: 2020-02-28

网络出版日期: 2020-08-13

基金资助

内蒙古农牧业科学院创新基金（2017CXJJM09）；内蒙古科技成果转化项目（CGZH2018159）

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Effects of Compound Plant Extracts on Rumen Fermentation of Holstein Cows in Vitro

GUO Chenyang ,
ZHANG Tenglong ,
XU Tengteng ,
AO Changjin ,
WANG Lifang

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1. College of Animal Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China;
2. Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010031, China

Received date: 2020-02-28

Online published: 2020-08-13

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摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加复合植物提取物对奶牛瘤胃发酵的影响。选取4头健康、泌乳期相同、体况相近的荷斯坦奶牛进行口腔瘤胃液采集，作为瘤胃液的供体。复合植物提取物为蒲公英、连翘、益母草和金银花的醇提物，按质量比1 ：1 ：1 ：1进行配制。称取2.0 g精粗比为4 ：6的风干全混合日粮（TMR）于人工瘤胃培养瓶中，分别向其中添加0（对照组）、0.03%、0.30%和3.00%复合植物提取物（干物质基础），分别在2、4、6、8、12和24 h测定培养液的pH和菌体蛋白（MCP）、氨态氮（NH₃-N）、挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）浓度及干物质降解率，并应用多项指标综合指数（MFAEI）进行评定。结果表明：1）各时间点各组之间pH均无显著差异（P>0.05）。在8 h时，0.03%、3.00%剂量组NH₃-N浓度显著高于其余2组（P<0.05）。在2 h时，0.03%剂量组MCP浓度显著低于对照组和0.30%、3.00%剂量组（P<0.05）；在12 h时，0.30%和3.00%剂量组MCP浓度显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。2）在8 h时，0.03%、0.30%和3.00%剂量组总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）浓度显著高于对照组（P<0.05），0.03%、0.30%和3.00%剂量组丙酸浓度显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。3）在4 h时，0.03%和0.30%剂量组干物质降解率均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。4）在6 h时，3.00%剂量组产气量显著高于对照组和0.03%、0.30%剂量组（P<0.05）；在8 h时，0.30%和3.00%剂量组产气量显著高于对照组和0.03%组（P<0.05）；在12 h和24 h时，0.03%、0.30%和3.00%剂量组产气量均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。5）MFAEI自高到低排序为0.30%剂量组 > 3.00%剂量组 > 0.03%剂量组。由此可见，在体外培养条件下，添加蒲公英、连翘、益母草和金银花的复合植物提取物可以有效调节荷斯坦奶牛瘤胃发酵，且适宜添加量为0.30%。

关键词： 复合植物提取物; 体外批次培养; 瘤胃发酵; 荷斯坦奶牛

本文引用格式

郭晨阳 , 张腾龙 , 徐腾腾 , 敖长金 , 王丽芳 . 复合植物提取物对荷斯坦奶牛体外瘤胃发酵的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(8) : 3698 -3707 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.028

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary compound plant extracts on rumen fermentation of Holstein cows in vitro. The rumen fluid was collected from 4 healthy Holstein cows with the same lactation period and similar body condition as the rumen fluid donor. The compound plant extracts were the alcohol extracts for dandelion, Forsythia suspense, honeysuckle and motherwort, which prepared according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1. Weighted 2.0 g air-dried total mixed ration (TMR) in artificial rumen culture bottle, then supplemented with 0 (control group), 0.03%, 0.30% and 3.00% compound plant extracts (dry matter basis), and the pH and concentrations of microbial protein (MCP), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH₃-N), volatile fatty acid (VFA) and dry matter degradation rate were measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h, respectively, and the multiple-factors associative effects index (MFAEI) was used for evaluation. The results showed as follows:1) there was no significant difference in pH among all groups at each time point (P>0.05). At 8 h, the NH₃-N concentration of 0.03% and 3.00% dosage groups was significantly higher than that of other two groups (P<0.05). At 2 h, the MCP concentration of 0.03% dosage group was significantly lower than that of 0.30% and 3.00% dosage groups (P<0.05); at 12 h, the MCP concentration of 0.30% and 3.00% dosage groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). 2) At 8 h, the total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) concentration of 0.03%, 0.30% and 3.00% dosage groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the propionic acid concentration of 0.03%, 0.30% and 3.00% dosage groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). 3) At 4 h, the dry matter degradation rate of 0.03% and 0.30% dosage groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). 4) At 6 h, the gas production of 3.00% dosage group was significantly higher than that of 0.03% and 0.30% dosage groups (P<0.05); at 8 h, the gas production of 0.30% and 3.00% dosage groups was significantly higher than that of control group and 0.03% dosage group (P<0.05); at 12 and 24 h, the gas production of 0.03%, 0.30% and 3.00% dosage groups was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). 5) The order of MFAEI from high to low was 0.30% dosage group>3.00% dosage group>0.03% dosage group. Therefore, under in vitro culture condition, the addition of compound plant extracts of dandelion, Forsythia suspense, motherwort and honeysuckle can effectively regulate the rumen fermentation of Holstein cows, and the optimum additive amount is 0.30%.

Key words： compound plant extracts; batch culture in vitro; rumen fermentation; Holstein cows

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