冬季不同饲养方式和营养水平对繁殖母羊体重变化、血清指标及羔羊发育的影响

李康; 郭天龙; 李长青; 金海

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.052

动物营养学报 >

2020 , Vol. 32 >Issue 8: 3934 - 3943

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.052

研究简报 SHORT COMMUNICATION

冬季不同饲养方式和营养水平对繁殖母羊体重变化、血清指标及羔羊发育的影响

李康 ,
郭天龙 ,
李长青 ,
金海

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1. 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院, 呼和浩特 010031;
2. 天津科技大学食品科学与工程学院, 天津 300457

李康(1991-),男,山西介休人,硕士研究生,从事家畜营养调控和动物福利研究。E-mail:13947110359@163.com

收稿日期: 2019-11-03

网络出版日期: 2020-08-13

基金资助

内蒙古自治区人民政府专项-内蒙古农牧场动物福利研究（2016—2020）

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Effects of Different Feeding Methods and Nutrient Levels on Body Weight Change and Serum Indexes of Ewes and Lamb Development in Winter

LI Kang ,
GUO Tianlong ,
LI Changqing ,
JIN Hai

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1. Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture&Animal Husbandry Science, Hohhot 010031, China;
2. College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science&Technology, Tianjin 300457, China

Received date: 2019-11-03

Online published: 2020-08-13

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摘要

本试验旨在研究冬季不同饲养方式和营养水平对繁殖母羊体重变化、血清指标及羔羊发育的影响。选择135只平均体重为（42.94±5.92）kg的3~4岁、健康的妊娠后期蒙古羊，随机分为3个组，每组5个重复，每个重复9只羊。对照组（C组）母羊采用放牧补饲的饲养方式；2个试验组分别按照妊娠母羊饲养标准的100%（Ⅰ组）和60%（Ⅱ组）饲喂，试验组母羊于暖舍内舍饲饲养。预试期10 d，正试期90 d。结果表明：1）Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组母羊产前重和产前平均日增重显著高于C组（P<0.05），Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组母羊产后体重和终末体重显著高于C组（P<0.05），Ⅰ组母羊产后平均日增重显著高于C组和Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。2）C组羔羊初生重显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组（P<0.05），Ⅱ组显著低于Ⅰ组（P<0.05）；Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组羔羊30日龄体重显著高于C组（P<0.05），Ⅰ组羔羊平均日增重显著高于C组和Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。3）试验末，Ⅰ组血清尿素（UREA）含量显著高于C组和Ⅱ组（P<0.05）；C组血清碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活性高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组，但差异不显著（P>0.05）；Ⅰ组血清总蛋白（TP）含量极显著高于C组（P<0.01），Ⅰ组血清白蛋白（ALB）含量显著或极显著高于C组和Ⅱ组（P<0.05或P<0.01），Ⅰ组血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著高于C组与Ⅱ组（P<0.05）。各组之间血清谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性和丙二醛（MDA）、免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）、总胆固醇（TC）含量及总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）差异不显著（P>0.05）。由此可见，冬季暖舍中按饲养标准的60%饲喂即可满足母羊妊娠后期和产后营养需要，提高羔羊初生重和平均日增重，按饲养标准的100%饲喂有改善繁殖母羊抗氧化和免疫能力的趋势。

关键词： 母羊福利; 妊娠后期; 生化指标; 抗氧化指标; 免疫指标

本文引用格式

李康 , 郭天龙 , 李长青 , 金海 . 冬季不同饲养方式和营养水平对繁殖母羊体重变化、血清指标及羔羊发育的影响[J]. 动物营养学报, 2020 , 32(8) : 3934 -3943 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2020.08.052

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of different feeding methods and nutrient levels on body weight change and serum indexes of ewes and lamb development in winter. A total of 135 three to four years Mongolia sheep with an initial body weight of (42.94±5.92) kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 replicates per group and 9 sheep per replicate. Ewes in the control group (group C) were using the feeding method of grazing and supplementary feeding; pregnant ewes in the two experimental groups were fed for 100% (group Ⅰ) and 60% (group Ⅱ) feeding standard, respectively, and the ewes were fed in warm shed. The pre-experimental period lasted for 10 days, and the experimental period lasted for 90 days. The results showed as follows:1) the body weight before delivery and average daily gain before delivery of ewes of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of the group C (P<0.05), the body weight after delivery and final body weight of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of the group C (P<0.05), and the average daily gain after delivery of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of group C and group Ⅱ (P<0.05). 2) The birth weight of lambs of group C was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ (P<0.05), and group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ(P<0.05); the body weight of 30 days of age of lambs of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of the group C (P<0.05), and the average daily gain of lambs of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of group C and group Ⅱ (P<0.05). 2) At the final stage of trial, the serum urea (UREA) content of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of group C and group Ⅱ (P<0.05), the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum of group C were higher than those of group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ, but there were no significant difference (P>0.05); the serum total protein (TP) content of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of the group C (P<0.01), the serum albumin (ALB) content of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of the group C and group Ⅱ (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that of the group C and group Ⅱ (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and lactic dehydroge (LDH) and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and total cholesterol (TC) and total antioxidant capacity in serum among all groups (P>0.05). Therefore, 60% feed according to the feeding standard in warm house in winter can meet the nutrient requirement of ewes in late pregnancy and after delivery, improve the birth weight and average daily gain of lambs, and 100% feed according to the feeding standard trend to improve the antioxidant and immune capacity of breeding ewes.

Key words： welfare of ewes; late pregnancy; biochemical index; antioxidant index; immune index

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